For the improvement of denture fitness of changed residual ridge, denture liner can be used. Denture liner should be very stable physically in various environments of the mouth as well as be bonded strongly with denture resin. In this study, the specimens bonded with four kinds of soft denture liner and three kinds of hard denture liner were used to test the physical properties of the liners. All experimental groups were stored in 37+/-1degrees C distilled water for 24hours, followed by thermocycling between 15degrees C and 45degrees C with 15 second dwell time. 1000, 2000, 3000 cycles of thermocycling were excuted and physical properties were measured by Instron Universal Testing Machine. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In tensile bond test of soft liners, it was shown that both of Molloplast-B(R) specimens before and after thermocycling had the highest tensile strength, and in case of hard liners, Dura-liner II(R)speimen had the highest tensile strength before and after thermocycling. Depending on thermocycling, Soft-Relining(R), Denture-Relining(R),Molloplast-B(R), Coe-soft(R) and Kooliner(R) specimen showed significant difference(p<0.05). 2. In strain test of soft liners, it was shown that Molloplast-B(R) specimen before thermocycling and the Coe-soft(R) after thermocycling showed highest results, and in case of hard liners, the Dura-Liner II(R) speimen before and after thermocycling had the highest result. Depending on thermocycling. Denture-Relinig(R). Molloplast-B(R) and Dura-Lner II(R) specimen showed significant difference(p<0.05). 3. In Maximum distance test of soft liners, the Molloplast-B(R) specimen before thermocycling and the Coe-soft(R) after thermocycling showed highest results, and in case of hard liners, the Dura-Liner II(R) specimen before and after thermocycling showed highest results. Depending on thermocycling, Denture-Relining(R), Molloplast-B(R) specimens showed significant difference(p<0.05). 4.In elasticity test of soft liners , the Molloplast-B(R) specimen before and after thermocycling showed highest results, and in case of hard liners, the Dura-Liner II(R) specimen before thermocycling and the Tokuso-Rebase (R) after thermocycling showed highest results. Depending on thermocycling, Soft-Relining(R) , Molloplast-B(R) specimens showed significant difference(p<0.05).
Denture Liners* ; Dentures* ; Elasticity ; Mouth ; Tensile Strength ; Water

Implant-supported overdenture is known as a useful appliance, instead of using the conventional complete denture, for better retention and stability. In this study 4 types of materials such as, gold bar/plastic clip(group AuP), gold bar/metal clip(group AuM), palladium bar/plastic clip(group PdP), and palladium bar/metal clip(group PdM) were used to evaluate the retention forces according to the type of clips and alloys used for bar fabrication, in the Hader bar system. Repeated insertions and removals of overdenture were conducted in each group, and the retention forces were measured and compared the data of each group according to the number of insertion and removal. The obtained results were as follows, 1. In the comparison of retention forces according to type of bar-clip, retention was increased in the order of group AuM, PdM, PdP, AuP, and the retention force of group AuM was significantly increased compared with those of others(p<0.05). 2. In the comparison of retention forces according to the number of insertion, only group PdP showed significant decrease in retention(p<0.05). 3. In the comparison of retention forces according to the type of bar and clip, there was no significant difference in the type of bar, but the retention of plastic clip was significantly higher than that of metal clip when Au bar was used(p<0.05). 4. In the observation of the bar surface, group AuM using Au bar and metal clip showed the most scratches among bar groups.
Alloys ; Denture, Complete ; Denture, Overlay* ; Palladium ; Plastics

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of flexible pole training combined with lumbar stabilization in improving trunk muscle activities and to investigate the difference according to posture in young adults. METHODS: Twenty-five participants were enrolled in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated into either the flexible pole group or the rigid pole group. Participants performed lumbar stabilization exercises on quadruped and curl-up, with the flexible pole or rigid pole. Electromyography was used to assess the percent maximal voluntary isometric contracion (%MVIC) of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spine (ES) muscles. All participants completed one 30-minute session per day, 3 days per week, for 6 weeks. The evaluation was performed before and 6 weeks after the training, and follow-up. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and two-way repeated measure analysis of variance to determine the statistical significance. RESULTS: The flexible pole in curl-up showed significant differences in EO and IO muscle activities compared with the rigid pole. The flexible pole in quadruped showed significant differences in IO and ES muscle activities compared with the rigid pole. The RA, EO, IO, and ES muscle activities of both groups were significantly higher after 6 weeks training. CONCLUSION: The flexible pole in curl-up and quadruped showed an improvement in trunk muscle activation. The flexible pole combined with lumbar stabilization will be useful as an exercise tool to improve activity of trunk muscles.
Adult ; Electromyography ; Exercise ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jupiter ; Muscles ; Posture ; Rectus Abdominis ; Spine ; Young Adult

Novel methods producing supplementary and prosthetic material by cutting or discharge processing via computer design have been proposed as alternatives for traditional casting methods and are being utilized for commercial purposes. The CAD/CAM system used in dentistry can be classified into three-dimensional input of target values, restoration design, and material processing. The marginal fidelity in production of In-Ceram core has important clinical implications and is a key consideration issue in CAD/CAM production as well. Through this research, the author arrived at the following conclusion after conducting comparison analysis of marginal fidelities between the In-Ceram core produced via CAD/CAM and that produced through the traditional method: 1. In the cases of mesial, distal, and lingual margins, the core margins via CAD/CAM produced lower values than those via the traditional method, but the differences were found to be statistically insignificant. 2. In the case of labial flange, the core margins via CAD/CAM produced lower values than those via the traditional method and the differences were found to be statistically significant. (p<0.05) 3. In comparision with overall marginal fidelity, the core margins via CAD/CAM produced lower values than those via the traditional method, but the differences were found to be statistically insignificant. 4. Among the core margins produced via the traditional method did not have statistically significant differences but for those produced via CAD/CAM had statistically significant differences between labial and lingual sides and between labial and mesial sides. (p<0.05)
Dentistry

No abstract available.
Breast Implants* ; Breast* ; Contracture* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Fungi are ubiquitous in the environment and their products may contribute to the development and exacerbation of airway diseases. The respiratory epithelium is the first barrier encountered by airborne allergens and an active participant in airway inflammation. During inflammatory reaction, many inflammatory cells are recruited to tissue from circulation, and they are located in close proximity to the epithelium. In this study, we hypothesized that respiratory epithelial cells and immune cells would interact and fungi could enhance their inflammatory reactions. MATERIALS AND METHOD: BEAS-2B was stimulated with airborne fungi (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, etc) for 24 hours, and then co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4+ lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes for 3 to 5 days. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1beta, granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured to determine the activation of immune cells. Transwell insert system was used to determine the importance of physical contact between epithelial cells and immune cells. RESULTS: Fungi, especially Alternaria, enhanced the production of chemical mediators from respiratory epithelial cells. When epithelial cells were co-cultured with immune cells, supernatants contained larger amounts of chemical mediators than when epithelial cells were cultured alone. When co-cultured with activated epithelial cells, TNF-alpha production was significantly increased by PBMCs, and physical contact was needed to interact between epithelial cells and PBMCs. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that fungi enhances the immune reaction between respiratory epithelial cells and peripheral blood immune cells, and the physical contact between epithelial cells and immune cells is needed to enhance the production of cytokines.
Allergens ; Alternaria ; Aspergillus ; Cladosporium ; Colony-Stimulating Factors ; Cytokines ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Fungi ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Monocytes ; Respiratory Mucosa ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

PURPOSE: We wanted to analyze the causes of revision and the clinical and radiographic results after revision total knee arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight knees in 34 patients underwent revision total knee arthroplasty using the PFC(R) Sigma revision system between March 1999 and May 2005. The average patient age was 71.2 years, and the average follow-up period was 6 years 7 months (range: 4 years~10 years 2 months). We evaluated the time interval between the primary and revision arthroplasty and the causes of revision. The clinical outcomes were assessed using the knee score and the functional score of the Knee Society Scoring system (KSS system), and the radiographic measurements were assessed using the roentgenographic method of the American Knee Society. RESULTS: The mean interval between primary and revision arthroplasty was 6 years 3 months. The causes of revision included 25 cases of aseptic loosening and osteolysis, 7 cases of infection, 3 cases of joint stiffness and 3 cases of polyethylene problems. At the follow up, the mean preoperative knee and functional scores improved from 45.1 points to 84.5 and 37.2 to 78.2, respectively. Radiographycally, the average femorotibial angle was corrected from 2.2degrees in valgus to 6.5degrees. The radiolucency score was below 4 in all the cases. The complications after revision arthroplasty were 2 cases of superficial infection and 1 case of wound dehiscence with a skin defect. CONCLUSION: The main causes of revision arthroplasty were aseptic loosening and osteolysis. Satisfactory results were obtained using the posterior cruciate ligament and substituting the PFC(R) Sigma knee system with appropriately selected metal augmentation and an allograft. This study showed favorable results on long term follow-up.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteolysis ; Polyethylene ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Skin ; Transplantation, Homologous

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Melena*

PURPOSE: To compare the performance of a fixed bearing with a PFC Sigma with that of a rotating platform in a total knee arthroplasty performed on patients with a moderate to severe varus deformity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patients who had received a total knee arthroplasty with either a PFC sigma fixed bearing or a rotating platform between October 1998 to June 2002, 77 cases (53 patients) with a > 15degrees varus deformity were examined. The surgery time and the clinical ratings and the radiographic images for each patient were investigated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the knee score, functional score, activity level, or radiological findings. There were seven cases where friction sounds were produced from the insertions in the rotating platform whilst walking and there were three cases of lateral instability. CONCLUSION: The PFC sigma fixed bearing was more effective for stabilizing the knees with a moderate to severe varus deformity because the rotating platform had a friction sound from the insertions while walking and lateral instability.
Arthroplasty* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Friction ; Humans ; Knee* ; Walking

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of posterior cruciate ligament retaining total knee arthroplasty on its clinical results in patients with varus deformity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed clinical and radiologic results of the 61 cases (39 patients) with varus deformity more than 15 degrees retrospectively. The average follow up period was 6.1 years (range, 5~8 years old). The cases were divided into posterior cruciate ligament retaining group A (42 cases) and substituted group B (19 cases). RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in Knee Society knee score (A group: 88.1, B group: 88.9), functional score (A group: 79.3, B group: 75.6) activity level (A group: 67.5, B group: 62.5), flexion contracture (A group: 4.5 degree, B group: 4.9 degree), tibiofemoral angle (A group: 4.7 degree, B group: 5.2 degree) and roentgenographic findings. Patients with PCL retaining knees showed significantly increased activity levels in going up and down stairs, and walking. CONCLUSION: It is considered that the preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament is better than the substitution of the ligament if technical problems are solved.
Arthroplasty* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Contracture ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies ; Walking