2.Cognitive aspect of diagnostic errors.
Dong Haur PHUA ; Nigel C K TAN
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2013;42(1):33-41
Diagnostic errors can result in tangible harm to patients. Despite our advances in medicine, the mental processes required to make a diagnosis exhibits shortcomings, causing diagnostic errors. Cognitive factors are found to be an important cause of diagnostic errors. With new understanding from psychology and social sciences, clinical medicine is now beginning to appreciate that our clinical reasoning can take the form of analytical reasoning or heuristics. Different factors like cognitive biases and affective influences can also impel unwary clinicians to make diagnostic errors. Various strategies have been proposed to reduce the effect of cognitive biases and affective influences when clinicians make diagnoses; however evidence for the efficacy of these methods is still sparse. This paper aims to introduce the reader to the cognitive aspect of diagnostic errors, in the hope that clinicians can use this knowledge to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
Affect
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Attitude of Health Personnel
;
Cognition
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Diagnostic Errors
;
psychology
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Humans
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Physicians
;
psychology
;
Prejudice
;
Thinking
4.The Little India riot: experience of an emergency department in Singapore.
Wei Feng LEE ; Chee Kheong OOI ; Dong Haur PHUA ; Ming Hai Eric WONG ; Wui Ling CHAN ; Yih Yng NG
Singapore medical journal 2015;56(12):677-680
INTRODUCTIONSingapore experienced its second riot in 40 years on 8 December 2013, in the area known as Little India. A retrospective review of 36 casualties treated at the emergency department was conducted to evaluate injury patterns.
METHODSCharacteristics including the rate of arrival, injury severity, type and location, and disposition of the casualties were analysed.
RESULTSThe injuries were predominantly mild (97.2%), with the most common injuries involving the head (50.0%) and limbs (38.9%). 97.2% of the casualties were managed as outpatient cases.
CONCLUSIONThe majority of the injuries in this incident were mild and could be managed as outpatient cases. Important lessons were learnt from the incident about the utilisation of manpower and safety of staff in the emergency department.
Adult ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Medicine ; methods ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Patient Safety ; Retrospective Studies ; Riots ; Singapore ; Triage
Result Analysis
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