ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of bone SPECT and CT fusion imaging in bone metastases from pediatric neuroblastoma.MethodsTwenty-four pediatric patients with neuroblastoma were included in this retrospective study.All patients underwent planar imaging and SPECT integrated with CT.Lesion visibility,diagnostic certainty and diagnostic performance were evaluated with KolmogorovSmirnov test andx2 test.ResultsLesion visibility of SPECT alone,SPECT integrated with CT were significantly better than that of planar imaging ( both H =69.000,P ＜ 0.05 ).SPECT and CT fusion imaging,SPECT alone both detected five more bone lesions than planar bone imaging (77 vs 72).The diagnostic accuracy of SPECT imaging (62.34％,48/77 )was significantly higher than that of planar imaging (45.45％,35/77; x2 =4.416,P ＜ 0.05 ).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of SPECT and CT fusion imaging for diagnosing malignant bone lesions were significantly higher than those of planar imaging:82.35％ (42/51) vs 53.19％ ( 25/47),88.46％ ( 23/26 ) vs 40.00％ ( 10/25 ),84.42％ ( 65/77 ) vs 45.45％ (35/77 ; x2 =12.571,14.016,25.667,all P ＜ 0.01 ).The diagnostic specificity and accuracy of SPECT and CT fusion imaging were significantly higher than those of SPECT alone ( 53.85％,14/26 ;62.34％,48/77) (x2 =7.589,9.606,both P ＜0.01 ).However,there was no significant difference of sensitivity between the two methods (x2 =2.942,P ＞ 0.05 ).Diagnostic certainty by SPECT and CT fusion imaging was significantly higher than that by SPECT alone ( H =28.000,P ＜ 0.05 ) and by planar imaging (H =21.000,P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionSPECT and CT fusion imaging can detect more bone lesions in patients with pediatric neuroblastoma.It is helpful for diagnosing bone metastases from pediatric neuroblastoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of perinatal bisphenol A BPA exposure on brain development of F1 male offspring. Methods Pregnant SD rats were given BPA at 2 20 and 100 mg/kg body weight per day respectively from eleventh day of gestation to the whole lactation by gavage until their pups were weaned on postnatal day 21  the control group had no BPA exposure. Every six F1 male pups from each of the four groups were killed at differential time points on postnatal day 1510152130 and 45 respectively. Histopathological examination by HE stain was done on the brains. Results The results showed no abnormal change was found on postnatal day 1-10. Three dosage groups showed abnormal change of different degree on 15th 21th 30th postnatal day the mainly abnormal change was karyopyknosis of pyramidal cell in CA3 of hippocampus and cortical neuron in cerebral cortex. The cell numbers of pyramidal cell in CA3 of hippocampus and cerebral cortex were decreased on 45th postnatal day. Conclusion Perinatal BPA exposure may have an adverse effect on the brain developmnent of F1 male offspring.

Objective To evaluate the assistant diagnostic value of low dose CT in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) based on ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) SPECT imaging.Methods One hundred and two patients with clinical suspected PE had been enrolled for this retrospective study.The final diagnosis of PE was made according to the 2008 guidelines of European Society of Cardiology (ESC).All patients underwent V/Q SPECT/CT (Hawkeye 4,GE).The imaging findings from low dose CT lung window were used for differential diagnoses of abnormal regions in SPECT imaging.The diagnostic efficiency of V/Q SPECT alone was compared with that of V/Q SPECT combined with low dose CT scan.Crosstabsx2 test was performed using SPSS 13.0 software.Results Twenty-nine patients (28.43％,29/102) were finally diagnosed as PE.V/Q SPECT alone had a sensitivity of 93.10％ (27/29),a specificity of 90.41％ (66/73),and an accuracy of 91.18％ (93/102).With additional diagnostic information from low dose CT,the diagnostic specificity increased to 95.89％ (70/73,X2 =1.72,P ＞ 0.05 ),and the accuracy increased to 95.10％ (97/102,x2 =1.23,P ＞ 0.05) though the sensitivity remained the same.Conclusion Imaginginformation from low dose CT in hybrid SPECT/CT may enhance V/Q diagnostic accuracy for PE.

The traditional culture methods and the molecular biology methods were used to study the rhizosphere bacterial diversity between fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon. The results showed that the diversity and the equality of cultured rhizosphere bacteria of resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon. The reason was that the cultured rhizosphere bacterial di- versity index H′ and 1/D of the resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon and that the cultured rhizosphere bacterial equality index E of the resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon. The dominant cultured bacterial genotypes were different between re- sistant and susceptible watermelon. The genotype 1 is the dominant genotype of resistant watermelon, con- sists 51.1%. The genotype 7 is the dominant genotype of susceptible watermelon, consists 58.7%.

A multiplex real-time PCR was developed to detect ctxA of Vibrio cholerae, gyrB and tdh of Vibrio parahaemolyticus simultaneously. The multiplex real-time PCR were evalidated by detection for the three genes in 47 toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139 strains (ctxA+; O1=3, O139=44), 25 non-toxigenic V. cholerae strains (ctxA-; O1=12, O139=6, non-O1 and non-O139=7), 116 V. parahaemolyticus strains with or without tdh (73 or 43) and 9 other bacteria strains. The specificity and sensitivity of the multiplex real-time PCR in detection for the ctxA and the tdh genes in the strains tested were both 100.0%, compared to the results by routine PCRs. In the detection for V. parahaemolyticus specific gyrB using the multiplex real-time PCR, all of 116 V. parahaemolyticus strains were positive, and 9 other strains and 72 V. cholerae strains were all negative. The multiplex real-time PCR is a sensitive, specific and quick assay not only for detecting virulence genes of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus but also for identifying V. parahaemolyticus at species level. In addition, two real-time PCRs for detection of V. parahaemolyticus virulence genes trh1 and trh2 were also developed.

So far there exists no corresponding quality test procedures and grading standards for the seed of Prunus humilis, which is one of the important source of base of semen pruni. Therefor we set up test procedures that are adapt to characteristics of the P. humilis seed through the study of the test of sampling, seed purity, thousand-grain weight, seed moisture, seed viability and germination percentage. 50 cases of seed specimens of P. humilis tested. The related data were analyzed by cluster analysis. Through this research, the seed quality test procedure was developed, and the seed quality grading standard was formulated. The seed quality of each grade should meet the following requirements: for first grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 68%, thousand-grain weight 383 g, purity ≥ 93%, seed moisture ≤ 5%; for second grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 26%, thousand-grain weight ≥ 266 g, purity ≥ 73%, seed moisture ≤9%; for third grade seeds, germination percentage ≥ 10%, purity ≥ 50%, thousand-grain weight ≥ 08 g, seed moisture ≤ 13%.
Cluster Analysis ; Germination ; Prunus ; growth & development ; Seeds ; physiology

As a kind of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng has a high reputation at home and abroad. The research of ginseng has been expanded to medicine, pharmacy, biology, food science and other fields, with great achievements in recent years. Ginseng contains ginsenosides, volatile oil, carbohydrates, amino acids, polypeptides, inorganic elements and othser chemical constituents. Each component has extensive physiological activity, and is the base of ginseng's effect. After processing, the complicated changes are taken place in the constituents of ginseng, and some new substances produced. This paper aims to review the studies on chemical constituents and their mechanisms during ginseng processing, and the ideas, methods and the direction of the development of traditional Chinese medicine processing in the future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of fragile site WWOX gene on regulating proliferation of gallbladder cancer cells in vitro. Methods The pcDNA3.0 - WWOX recombinant plasmid which was previous successfully built was transfected to GBC-SD cells and empty carrier by liposome medium. Liposome and GBC-SD were served as the negative control and the blank control,respectively. After 48 hours transfection, inverted microscope was used to observe the changes of gallbladder cancer cells' morphology,MTT and BrdU were used to detect the proliferation level of gallbladder cancer cells,and flow cytometry instrument was used to detect the change of the cell proliferation cycle. Results The results of inverted microscope shown: the number of GBC-SD cells in pcDNA3.0-WWOX group decreased significantly,the suspension cells and cell debris increased,while cells in the vector control,NC and Mock groups were in normal proliferation state. MTT test showed the proliferation levels of GBC-SD cells in pcDNA3.0-WWOX group was lower than those in the control group in 24 h,48 h,72 h,96 h and 120 h,and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). The cell proliferation activity in the pcDNA3.0-WWOX group was obviously inhibited over time. BrdU detection results showed the cell proliferation rate of pcDNA3.0 - WWOX group was(0.44±0.03),while that in the three control groups was(0.78±0.02), (0.81±0.01)and(0.85±0.01),respectively. It showed that cell proliferation activity in pcDNA3.0-WWOX group was lower than the control groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Cell cycle detection showed the cells increased in G0/G1 phase and decreased in G2/M and S phases of pcDNA3.0-WWOX group. The cell apoptosis rate was significantly higher and the proliferation index was significantly lower than those of the control groups(P < 0.05). However,there were no significant differences among the three control groups(P > 0.05). Conclusion The overexpression of WWOX gene in vitro could effectively inhibit the proliferation activity of gallbladder cancer cells. WWOX might participate in the development of the malignant biological behavior of gallbladder cancer cells. It is expected to become a new potential target for the gene therapy to gallbladder cancer.

The most effective sequence of small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing STAT3 of psoriatic keratinocytes (KCs) was screened out,and the effects of the most effective siRNA combined with ultrasonic irradiation and SonoVue microbubbles on the expression of STAT3 of KCs and the dose-and time-response were investigated.Three chemically-synthetic siRNAs targeting STAT3 carried by Lipofectamine 3000 were transfected into KCs,and the effects on STAT3 expression were detected,then the most effective siRNA was selected for the subsequent experiments.The negative controls of siRNA (siRNA-NC) labeled with Cy3 carried by Lipofectamine 3000 combined with ultrasonic irradiation and SonoVue microbubbles were transfected into KCs,then the optimal parameters of ultrasonic irradiation were determined.The most effective siRNA carried by Lipofectamine 3000 combined with ultrasonic irradiation at the optimal parameters and SonoVue microbubbles was transfected into KCs,and the dose-and time-response of RNA interference was determined.The effect of RNA interference by the most effective siRNA at the optimal time and dose carried by Lipofectamine 3000 combined with ultrasonic irradiation and SonoVue microbubbles (LUS group) was compared with that only carried by Lipofectamine 3000 (L group).The results showed that siRNA-3 achieved the highest silencing efficacy.0.5 W/cm2 and 30 s were selected as the parameters of ultrasonic irradiation.The siRNA-3 carried by Lipofectamine 3000 combined with ultrasonic irradiation and SonoVue mierobubbles could effectively knock down the STAT3 expression at mRNA and protein levels in dose-and time-dependent manners determined at 100 nmol/L with maximum downregulation on mRNA at 48 h,and on protein at 72 h after transfection.The LUS group achieved the highest silencing efficacy.It was concluded that siRNA-3 carried by Lipofectamine 3000 combined with ultrasonic irradiation and SonoVue microbubbles could effectively knock down the STAT3 expression in psoriatic KCs,and the optimized transfection condition and the sequence of siRNA-3 could serve for further research on gene therapy of psoriasis.

Objective To observe the variations in intraocular pressure(IOP)in vocal cord polyp resections supported by pedestal Iaryngoscope with Tono-Pen tonometer.Methods The IOP of patients (grade Ⅰ-Ⅱby ASA)who underwent vocal cord polyp resections supported by pedestal laryngoscope were detected by Tono-Pen tonometer 5 minutes later on supine position before the operation(T1),5 minutes later on cervical hyperextension position before the operation(T2),5 minutes later on cervical hyperextension position after the operation(T3),5 minutes lateron supine position after the operation(T4),20 minutes later on supine position after the operation(T5)after general anesthesia respectively.At each point the changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart mte(HR),end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure(PETCO2),and airway pressure(PAW)were observed as well.Results There were no differences in MAP,HR,RETCO2,PAW at each point statistically.The IOP increased significantly at T2,T3,T4 compared with IOP at T1[(19.0±1.8),(25.7±1.9),(17.8±1.9)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)vs(11.9±1.7)mm Hg](P＜0.05).The differences between IOP at T2 and T3 were manifest(P＜0.05).So it Was the situation when the IOP at T3 and T4,T4 and T5 were compared(P＜0.05).The IOP at T5 was(12.1±1.5)mm Hg,there was no difference compared with T1.Conclusion The IOP increases gradually from the point when the patient put on cervical hyperextension position before the operation after general anesthesia and achieves the summit when the patient put on cervical hyperextension position after the operation,finally,decreases back to the preoperative level when the patient put on supine position after the operation.