81 cases, 79 patients of ankle fracure treated at pusan Maryknoll hospital from May, 1980 to January, 1986 were analized in clinical and radiological aspect. The results obtained from this study were as following. l. Of the 79 patients, male was 61 patients and female was 18 patients. The average age of the patients was 36 years. 2. Main cause of the injury was traffic accident (35 cases, 43.3%) and the other causes were industrial accident, fall down, slip down, and sports accident in orders. 3. By the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type was pronation external rotation(29 cases, 35.8%). 4. Open reduction was performed in 55 cases(67.9%), and closed reduction in 25 cases(30.1%) 5. The average duration of the cast immobilization was 8 weeks in closed reduction and 7 weeks in open reduction. 6. The result of the treatment was better in those cases of the open reduction than that of the closed reduction. 7. The most poor result was noticed in pronation dorsiflexion type. 8. We agree that Lauge-Hansen classification is useful in diagnosis and treatment of the ankle fracture.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle ; Busan ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Pronation ; Sports

No abstract available.
Humans ; Orthopedics*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Orthopedics*

BACKGROUND: Morphine has been commonly used for postoperative pain control. We measured plasma concentrations of morphine and compared the efficacy and safety of continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) using morphine-bupivacaine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) with morphine for 48 hrs after the end of the operation. METHODS: Nineteen patients undergoing Mile's operation were assigned to receive a morphine loading dose of 5 mg followed by IV-PCA with 0.1% morphine (IV-PCA group, n = 9) or a morphine loading dose of 2 mg and 0.125% bupivacaine 10 ml, followed by CEA with 0.004% morphine and 0.075% bupivacaine at a rate of 5 ml/hr (CEA group, n = 10). The plasma concentrations of morphine were measured and visual analog scales (VAS) for pain were recorded at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr postoperatively and the effects on respiration and any other side effects were noted. RESULTS: The mean maximal and minimal levels of plasma morphine were 40.2 +/- 21.2 ng/ml and 23.4 +/- 9.7 ng/ml for the IV-PCA group and 11.8 +/- 3.5 ng/ml and 8.2 +/- 1.9 ng/ml for the CEA group, respectively. Resting and dynamic pain scores were significantly lower in the CEA group than in the IV-PCA group. There were no significant differences for the effects on respiration and for any side effects between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We evaluated plasma concentrations of morphine with CEA using morphine-bupivacaine and IV-PCA using morphine for the postoperative pain control. The CEA group had better postoperative analgesia than that of the IV-PCA group and the incidence of side effects were not significantly different between the two groups.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Bupivacaine ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Plasma ; Respiration ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Lymphocele*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node*

We report two patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) who developed cancers in the mobile tongue. The first patient, a 15-year old female who had undergone bone marrow transplantation for Fanconi's anemia five years ago, developed chronic GVHD on the oral cavity 1.5 years after the transplantation and have suffered from it ever since. Recently, she developed squamous cell carcinoma in the tongue. The second patient, a 50-year old male who had received the bone marrow transplantation due to severe aplastic anemia, developed chronic GVHD on the oral cavity 5 months later and have suffered from it thereafter. He developed squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue 15 years later after BMT. These cases imply that cancers including tongue neoplasms may develop in patients with GVHD after bone marrow transplantation. A thorough examination of head & neck and close follow-up are recommended to patients treated with bone marrow transplantation, particularly to those with GVHD.
Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Fanconi Anemia ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Neck ; Tongue Neoplasms* ; Tongue*

A case is presented in which left-sided hemiparesis was caused by a fibromuscular dysplasia of the right internal carotid artery in the neck, and it used as a basis for discussion of the angiographic features. The 24-year-old woman was admitted to our Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University hospital, with the complaints of headache and left-sided hemiparesis which developed abruptly about one month before this admission. The carotid angiography was performed by puncture of the right common carotid artery under the clinical impression of cerebral thrombosis, which showed no gross intracranial abnormalities. But the characteristic findings were observed under and widening of the arterial lumen which are so-called loose stocking appearance or 'string of beads' appearance and are the typical feature of fibromuscular dysplasia. No surgical interventions such as arterial reconstruction and grafting, or arterial dilatation with bougies were applied on the patient, and she was discharged from the hospital three days after the admission. Fibromuscular dysplasia is a rare sclerotic, noninflammatory lesion of unknown etiology involving the wall of large arteries. This disease is found most frequently in early adult life and women are afflicted more often than men, This condition has been described most often in the renal arteries, where it has been found to be a cause of hypertension. Among the involvement of carotid system, the cervical portion of the internal carotid artery is most often affected, and the involvements are often bilateral. When localized to the internal carotid arteries, it can give symptoms of intermittent or permanent cerebral ischemia, but is usually asymptomatic. The typical angiographic appearance is the main parameter for diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia.
Adult ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Brain Ischemia ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Fibromuscular Dysplasia* ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Korea ; Male ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Paresis ; Punctures ; Renal Artery ; Transplants ; Young Adult

The taxonomy of Acanthamoeba spp., an amphizoic amoeba which causes granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and chronic amoebic keratitis, has been revised many times. The taxonomic validity of some species has yet to be assessed. In this paper, we analyzed the morphological characteristics, nuclear 18s rDNA and mitochondrial 16s rDNA sequences and the Mt DNA RFLP of the type strains of four Acanthamoeba species, which had been previously designated as A. divionensis, A. parasidionensis, A. mauritaniensis, and A. rhysodes. The four isolates revealed characteristic group II morphology. They exhibited 18S rDNA sequence differences of 0.2-1.1% with each other, but more than 2% difference from the other compared reference strains. Four isolates formed a different clade from that of A. castellanii Castellani and the other strains in morphological group II on the phylogenetic tree. In light of these results, A. paradivionensis, A. divionensis, and A. mauritaniensis should be regarded as synonyms for A. rhysodes.
Acanthamoeba/*classification/*genetics ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics