No abstract available.
Subcutaneous Tissue*

No abstract available.
Acceleration* ; Lasers, Semiconductor* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

We examined the expressions of CD44 splice variants (v4/5, v6), alpha-smooth muscle actin, nm23 to evaluate their roles as prognostic factors in 70 cases of uterine cervical carcinoma (stage IB to IIB) who were surgically treated from January 1989 to June 1990 with a clinical follow-up of a minimum of 5 years. The expression was examined by an immunohistochemical method using archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. In the 70 cases, 61 cases were squamous cell carcinoma and 9 cases were adenocarcinoma. CD44v4/5, CD44v6, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and nm23 were detected in 41.4%, 70%, 100%, and 74.3% of tumor samples, respectively. CD44 splice variants and nm23 showed membrane and cytoplasmic staining of tumor cells, respectively. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin showed cytoplasmic staining confined to stromal cells and was classified into three grades by the extent in stromal cells: with less than 10% of stromal cells; 32.9%, 10-50% of stromal cells; 40.0%, more than 50%; 27.1%. These expressions were not correlated with histologic types, lymph node involvement, recurrence, and grades of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL). But CD44v4/5 had significantly inverse correlation with TIL (p=0.049). The expression of CD44v4/5 was significantly correlated with that of CD44v6 (p=0.05), and that of alpha-smooth muscle actin was inversely correlated with that of nm23 (p=0.049). In conclusion, in FIGO IB-IIB uterine cervical carcinoma CD44 variants, nm23, and SMA show high prevalence, however, with little prognostic significance assessed by recurrence and lymph node metastasis.
Actins* ; Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytoplasm ; Follow-Up Studies ; Formaldehyde ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Membranes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraffin ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Stromal Cells ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Uterine sarcomas are relatively rare tumors of mesodermal origin that constitute 2-6% of uterine malignancies. Uterine sarcomas include endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), malignant mixed m llerian tumor (MMMT) of both homologous and heterologous type, pure heterologous sarcomas, blood vessel sarcomas, and lymphoma. Endometrial stromal tumors are divided into three types: 1) endometrial stromal nodule, 2) low-grade stromal sarcoma or endolymphatic stromal myosis, and 3) endometrial stromal sarcoma. The low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is very rare. It shows occasional local recurrence, which might arise from endometrial stroma, from adenomyosis, and rarely from endometriosis. We have experienced a case of low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus in a 54-year-old woman, which is presented with a review of literatures.
Adenomyosis ; Blood Vessels ; Endometrial Stromal Tumors ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Lymphoma ; Mesoderm ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal* ; Uterus*

No abstract available.
Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal* ; Spinal Puncture*

The orbitozygomatic area occupies a key anatomic position in midface, is prone to injury, and plays a prominent role in facial aesthetics. So the facial appearance including orbital shape can be altered by complications of orbitozygomatic fractures. Most possible initial complications include blindness, hyphema, retinal detatchment, and paralysis or entrapment of extraocular muscles. Long term sequelaes include infraorbital nerve dysfunction, loss of malar projection, enophthalmos, and dystopia. Accurate anatomic reduction and rigid fixation is essential for management of orbitozygomatic fractures to minimize those late sequelaes. Conventional fixation devices to fix displaced fracture of facial bone are interosseous wire and miniplate. But interosseous wirings are unstable for primary bone healing and time consuming. Miniplates have great deal in rigid fixation but their high profile and palpability are the main complaints in many patients, especially in orbital rim area. In this article, we reviewed the 30 cases of zygomamaxilla complex fractures with orbital rim fracture fixed with microplates, and discussed the stability of microplate and superiorities in final aesthetics result. The use of microplates in these area permits enough stability of fracture segment with ease of procedures and superiorities in final results without any palpability.
Blindness ; Enophthalmos ; Esthetics ; Facial Bones ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Muscles ; Orbit* ; Paralysis ; Retinaldehyde

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Brain* ; Hypothermia* ; Models, Animal*

PURPOSE: Evidence that indicates bile acid is a promoter of colon cancer exists. Deoxycholic acid (DCA) modifies apoptosis or proliferation by affecting intracellular signaling and gene expression. However, because previous studies have been based on studies on colon cancer cell lines, the effect of DCA on normal colonocytes is unknown. METHODS: Normal colonocytes and Caco-2 and HCT116 cells were treated with 20 micrometer and 250 micrometer of DCA, and the effect of different concentrations of DCA was measured based on the expression of cell-cycle-related proteins by using Western blots. RESULTS: The expressions of CDK2 and cyclin D1 for different concentrations of DCA in normal colonocytes and colon cancer cells were similar, but the expressions of cyclin E and A were significantly different. In HCT116 colon cancer cells, the expression of cyclin E increased regardless of the DCA concentration, but in normal colonocytes and Caco-2 cells, the expression of cyclin E was not changed or decreased. In HCT116 colon cancer cells, the expression of cyclin A was not changed or decreased regardless of the DCA concentration, but in normal colonocytes and Caco-2 cells, the expression of cyclin A was increased at a DCA concentration of 20 micrometer. CONCLUSION: The effect of DCA on stimulating cell proliferation suggests that DNA synthesis is stimulated by an increased expression of cyclin E in colon cancer cells. Our results suggest that a low dose of DCA induces cellular proliferation through increased expression of cyclin A and that a high dose of DCA induces decreased expression of cyclin E and CDK2 in normal colonocytes.
Apoptosis ; Bile ; Blotting, Western ; Caco-2 Cells ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Cyclin A ; Cyclin D1 ; Cyclin E ; Cyclins ; Deoxycholic Acid ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; HCT116 Cells ; Humans ; Proteins

No abstract available.
Lymphocele*

After the publication of the modern Virchow's suture fusion hypothesis regarding craniosynostosis, various types of linear craniotomy have been developed. However, after the Moss's functional matrix hypothesis became known, extensive cranial remodeling surgical procedures have emerged. However, a recent view that the cause of craniosynostosis may be due to gene mutation has led to a tendency toward treating craniosynostosis with minimally invasive surgery including endoscopic surgery and distraction procedures that utilize springs or distractors. As nonsyndromic craniosynostoses are accompanied by unilateral coronal or lambdoid craniosynostosis, and syndromic craniosynostoses are accompanied by facial anomalies, it is presumed that cranial anomalies are accompanied by facial anomalies. However, the "back to sleep" campaign that was initiated in the 1990's in order to prevent infantile death syndrome led to research in the dramatic increase in the incidence of craniofacial anomalies, which resulted in the establishment of the positional plagiocephaly concept, which has also been ascertained in animal experiments. Despite these advances, the basic problem of whether craniosynostosis is simply a cosmetic anomaly or whether it is a neurological disease that is accompanied by complications such as increased intracranial pressure has not been resolved. The consequent confusion has prevented establishment of the optimal timing for surgery and the type of surgical procedure. The authors of this study review the history of craniosynostosis treatment and attempt to clarify the situation pertaining to the surgical treatment concepts and limitations.
Animal Experimentation ; Cosmetics ; Craniosynostoses ; Craniotomy ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic ; Publications ; Sutures