Fifty four consecutive total knee arthroplasties were reviewed to compare the accuracy of extramedullary versus intramedullary tibial resection guides. An extramedullary guide ( Group I ) was used in 25 cases and an intramedullary guide ( Group 2 ) was used in 29 cases. Group 1 system included the LCS knee system and Group 2 system included the Whiteside Ortholoc Advantim total condylar knee system. Preoperatively, the two groups were similar, with no statistical significant differences observed in diagnosis, alignment, and patient age. Postoperative tibial component alignment angles were similar in both group (Group 1, 0.8degrees varus; Group 2, 1.1degrees varus ). In group 1, 84% of tibial components were aligned within 2degrees of the 90degrees goal and in group 2, 83% of tibial components were aligned within the same range ( p > 0.05 ). In all cases, an intramedullary guide was used to prepare the distal femur. In femorotibial angles, with group 1 averaging 4.2degrees valgus versus 4.7degrees valgus in group 2 (p > 0.05). If the optimal femorotibial angle was defined by the range from 5+/-2, it was achieved in 76% in Group 1 and 72% in Group 2 ( p > 0.05 ). This study demonstrates no significant differences between the extramedullary and intramedullary group not only in optimal tibial component alignment angle but also in optimal femorotibial angle. This means that each system is satisfactory for the tibial side, but it is more important for the surgeon to appreciate that the indications, potential limitations and sources of errors are unique to each system and to decide which system to use according to the particular case in question.
Arthroplasty* ; Diagnosis ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Femur Neck* ; Humans

There is no sport in which the shoulder does not play an integral role. There are many patients with shoulder joint problems in volleyball, baseball, tennis and golf. In volleyball, a quick strong spike is necessary. Therefor, the treatment of shoulder injuries as well as the protection of the shoulder is a great concern of the player. The authors have done and analysis of the playing history and the clinical studies of the volleyball players who have been recorded as patients of the department of orthopedic surgery, Korea National Police hospital, from January 1977 to December 1980. Results of the study are as follows: l. Of the ages between 17 and 25, the average age was 19.9. 2. Out of 228 case studies 96 complained of shoulder pain or 42.1%. 3. The 84, or 87.6% of the players used the posterior angle spike. The anterior angle spikers and middle angle spikers were 6 players or 6.2% each. 4. Of 60 posterior angle spikers attempted to change spiking angle, 46 or 76% were able to alieviable the shoulder pain. 5. In the posterior angle spikers the lever arm is at its shortest extent so the cases of pain were analyzed as due to repeated impingement of supraspinatus tendon.
Arm ; Baseball ; Golf ; Humans ; Korea ; Orthopedics ; Police ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder Pain ; Shoulder ; Sports ; Tendons ; Tennis ; Volleyball

There is a great difference of opinion regarding the treatment of intraarticular fractures of the calcaneus. Many authors suggested that there are essentially four basic methods of treatment, but the choice of treatment depends on the surgeons preference, the type of fracture, and the age of the patient. We obtained the following results in 11 cases of calcaneal fractures involving subtalar joint which were treated by axial fixation at our hospital from 1977 to 1981. 1. The favourable results were obtained in 5 cases of 6 feet of tongue type fractures and in 3 cases of 5 feet of joint depression fractures. 2. Even if the joint depression type fracture which is not severely comminuted, the treatment with axial fixation is thought to be good method. 3. Axial fixation must be tried in three faces of reduction which are reestablishment of Bohler angle and subtalar joint and reduction of lateral bulging of calcaneus. The results were more excellent in which reduction is achieved near anatomical position.
Calcaneus ; Clinical Study ; Depression ; Foot ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Methods ; Subtalar Joint ; Surgeons ; Tongue

No abstract available.
Acceleration* ; Lasers, Semiconductor* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

Intensive insulin therapy effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of nephropathy in patients with IDDM. TGF- 0 has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. We evaluated the effects of different level of glucose control with insulin therapy on the progression of diabetic nephropathy in age-matched control rats(C) and 3 groups of streptozotocininduced diabetic rats', high blood glucose diabetic rats without insulin therapy(HG), rnoderate glucose diabetic rats with insulin therapy(MG), and normal glucose diabetic rats with intensive insulin treatment (NG). Glomerular volume(VG) was measured using Image-Pro morphometric software, glomerular TGF- Bl mRNA expression by in situ hybridization, and glomerular expression of TGF-8 and type IV collagen proteins by immunohistochemical staining. VG was significantly higher in HG than in other groups in 12 weeks. Kidney weight(KW) was the highest while the body weight the lowest in HG of all groups in 12 weeks. Daily urine albumin excretion (UAE) increased with time in all groups but was significantly larger in HG than in all other groups in 12 weeks. MG also had significantly larger UAE than C in 12 weeks. There was no difference in VG, KW, and UAE between NG and C. Glomerular TGF-Bl mRNA expression was significantly higher in HG than in all the rest of the groups in 4 and 12 weeks. Glomerular expression of TGF-B and type IV collagen proteins was proportional to the levels of blood glucose, being the highest in HG in 12 weeks. There was little or no expression of TGF-0 1 mRNA and protein or type IV collagen protein in NG. Thus these results support the view that high blood glucose is the prerequisite for glomerular injury in diabetes mellitus and that the glomerular injury in diabetes mellitus is mediated, in part, by TGF-01 and suppressed by glucose control.
Animals ; Blood Glucose* ; Body Weight ; Collagen Type IV ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Glucose ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Insulin* ; Kidney ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary*

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Brain* ; Hypothermia* ; Models, Animal*

A hydrocele is a common condition which affects all age-group males including babies. It may be defined as a collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis either surrounding the testis or along the spermatic cord or both. Congenital hydrocele is due to complete failure of the processus funicularis closure and most of the fluid collections subside spontaneously during the first year of life. The great majority of hydrocele are primary variety and its etiology is unknown. Secondary hydrocele may be developed to local injury, epididymitis and testicular neoplasms. Chronic hydrocele is common in tropical and subtropical countries where there is a high .incidence of filariasis. Some investigators have reported that hydrocele fluid collections are due to lymphatic defect or peritoneal fluid, It is generally known that hydrocele fluid resembles blood plasma. We performed electrophoresis and electrolytic analysis of hydrocele fluid and serum in 20 cases of hydrocele patients from January, 1981 to September, 1982. And then we obtained the statistical difference between hydrocele fluid and serum. The results are summarized as below: 1. Total protein of hydrocele fluid (4.125 gm/dl) is lower than that of serum (7,535 gm/dl). Statistical difference is greatly significant (p=below 0.005). 2. The proportion of albumin (71.780%) is higher than that of serum (65.685%). The proportion of alpha 2 and gamma globulin (6.880%, 5.535%) are lower than that of serum (10.125%, 8.730%). These statistical difference are greatly significant (p=below 0.005). 3. The proportion of alpha-1 and beta globulin (3.495%, 12.215%) are higher than that of serum (3.105%, 11.935%). There is no statistical significance (p=above 0.1). 4. Sugar of hydrocele fluid (87.65 mg/dl) is lower than that of serum (95.40 mg/dl), but there is no statistical significance (p=above 0.1). 5. Electrolytes of hydrocele fluid are lower than those of serum. Sodium (130 mEq/1); great statistical significance (p=below 0.005). Potassium (3.93 mEq/l); no statistical significance (p=above 0.1). Chloride (97.95 mEq/l); no statistical significance (p=above 0.1).
Ascitic Fluid ; Beta-Globulins ; Electrolytes* ; Electrophoresis ; Epididymitis ; Filariasis ; gamma-Globulins ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Plasma ; Potassium ; Research Personnel ; Sodium ; Spermatic Cord ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testis

No abstract available.
Gestational Sac* ; Ultrasonography*