A case of the electric cataract is presented in a 27-year-old Korean man, who after having received the lighthning stroke on the right half of his head, had developed gradually decrease of the visual acuity. Ocular findings on 13 month after the accident disclosed dust-like opacity in the posterior capaular and subcapsular region of the both lenses, and slight punctate opacity in the anterior subcapsular area. These findings were more pronounced in the right. The visual acuity and tonometric examination revealed 0.06 (OD), 0.5 (OS) and 17.3mmHg(OB). The extracapsular lens extraction was done for the right eye and three weeks later the correction of the vision obtained was 20/25 (Sph. + 10.0 D).
Adult ; Cataract ; Head ; Humans ; Stroke ; Visual Acuity

A case of the electric cataract is presented in a 27-year-old Korean man, who after having received the lighthning stroke on the right half of his head, had developed gradually decrease of the visual acuity. Ocular findings on 13 month after the accident disclosed dust-like opacity in the posterior capaular and subcapsular region of the both lenses, and slight punctate opacity in the anterior subcapsular area. These findings were more pronounced in the right. The visual acuity and tonometric examination revealed 0.06 (OD), 0.5 (OS) and 17.3mmHg(OB). The extracapsular lens extraction was done for the right eye and three weeks later the correction of the vision obtained was 20/25 (Sph. + 10.0 D).
Adult ; Cataract ; Head ; Humans ; Stroke ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Emphysema* ; Gallbladder*

Of the more than two hundred collections of pildamchanghwa scattered around the world that are being catalogued and translated, more than forty are medical in nature. This paper organizes and charts the medical written conversations by their dates of publication and examine the various aspects of their publication. Medical written conversations have been collected since the Fourth Envoy. There are no records of medical written conversations or poetry exchange in Tsushima even though that was the first port of arrival for the Tongsinsa. Instead, sources show that written conversations and poetry exchanges mostly took place in Kyoto, Tokyo, and Osaka; indeed, these three cities, in that order, also have yielded the highest volumes of publication. The first commercially published collection of medical written conversations was Sanghaneuidam, published in 1713 following the Eighth Envoy. Though Gyerimchanghwajip was published two years earlier in 1711, it is clear from the usage of the word changhwa in the title that this collection was not strictly limited to medical written conversations. Sanghaneuidam was an attempt by Japanese medicine to collect questions and answers in order to publish as medical textbooks. The Japanese medicine that was involved in the most written conversations was Kawamura Shunko, who was the editor of Sanghaneuimundap and Joseonpildam following the Tenth Envoy. Publications with titles containing 'eui' explicitly contemplates the targeted readership. Kitao Shunpo was one Japanese medicine who was less interested in meeting a literary scrivener, but instead sought to converse with a respected medicine. When the Eighth Envoy of 1711 arrived in Ogaki, Kitao followed around the Joseon medicines and attempted written conversations. He enlisted the aid of his second son Shunrin in organizing the written conversations, and published the collection, complete with preface, postscript, and appendices-an editorial decision that fully contemplated his audience. Prior to meeting Gi Du-mun, Kitao meticulously planned out the order of questions-that is, the table of contents for Sanghaneuidam. Kitao drafted his questions to serve the purpose of a medical textbook, edited the contents of the written conversations, and added illustrations before presenting the collection to the public. Seomulyuchan, one of the most famous leishu in Japan, contains a preface by Lee Hyeon, a scrivener of Joseon. Kitao, who had studied Dongeuibogam, had already possessed a vast and systematic knowledge of materia medica; however, he sought Lee's contributions, hoping that a preface written by a renowned Joseon scholar would lend his publication more credibility. As such, it can be inferred that the preface to Seomulyuchan was created as an extension of the medical written conversations.
History, 18th Century ; Humans ; Japan ; Medicine, Traditional/history ; Publishing/history/*statistics & numerical data ; Travel ; Writing

BACKGROUND: Preservation of antigen determinants while retaining morphological detail is prerequisite for high quality immunohistochemistry. Conventional formalin fixation and paraffin embedding procedures are useful in preserving tissue architecture and cytologic detail. However, they destroy the antigenicity of many proteins is tissue samples. On the other hand, fresh frozen section preserve the antigenicity of most proteins, but vield poor morphological preservation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the AMeX method as to the ability to preserve both antigenicity and morphologic details of the skin basement membrane zone so that precise localization of antigens can be attained in immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Tissues were fixed in acetone at -20degrees C over night, then cleared in methyl benzoate and xylene, consecutively, and embedded in ordinary paraffin at 58-60degrees C. Sections made from this paraffinembedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for a morphologic study and immunolabelled with antibodies against major basement membrane antigens to evaluate antigenic preservation. The staining intensity and preservation of the morphology by the AMeX method were compared with conventional formalin processed tissues and frozen tissues. RESULTS: Morphological preservation of the AMeX method-processed sections was good throughout the epidermis, basement membrane, and dermis, and as good as that of routinely formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. Frozen sections usually revealed revealed various degrees of damage by ice crystal formation throughout the epidermis to the dermis. The AMeX method-processed sections showed better or same antigenic preservation comparing the frozen sections when the sections were immunolabelled with specific monoclonal antibodies. But, when the sections were immunolabelled with patient's sera, the AMex method showed less antigenic preservation than the frozed sections. The anti-type IV collagen monoclonal antibody exhibited immunoreactivity only conventional formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin sections, but the intensity of the staining was weaker than the AMeX processed sections and the frozen sections. CONCLUSION: The AMeX method can be utilized for the demonstration of skin basement membrane antigens and is superior to the fresh-frozen method in that the histologic figures are more distinct and antigencity can be preserved for a long time.
Acetone* ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Basement Membrane* ; Benzoates* ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epidermis ; Formaldehyde ; Frozen Sections ; Hand ; Hematoxylin ; Ice ; Immunohistochemistry ; Paraffin ; Paraffin Embedding ; Skin* ; Xylenes*

Mobius syndrome is a rare congenital disease characterized by unilateral or bilateral limitation of abduction and facial palsy due to the 6th and 7th cranial nerve paralysis. In addition, it may be associated with limb anomalies and other cranial nerve paralysis. We experienced three cases of Mobius syndrome characterized by esodeviation associated with bilateral limitation of abduction, bilateral facial atroph, tongue atrophy, congenital amputation of limb, and congenital clubfoot. We performed a large amount of bilateral medial rectus recession and unilateral lateral rectus resection, and obtained cosmetically successful results that orthophoric or less than 10 prism diopter of esotropia in primary postition, but mild limitation of adduction was observed as a complication.
Amputation ; Atrophy ; Clubfoot ; Cranial Nerves ; Esotropia ; Extremities ; Facial Paralysis ; Mobius Syndrome* ; Paralysis ; Tongue

PURPOSE: The enhanced cytotoxic effect of combined treatement of hyperthermia and chemotherapy by increasing intracellular acidify with HMA was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fsall tumor cells were injected on the hindlegs of female C3H mice. When the tumor volume reached about 200mm3 , experiments were performed on the groups classified as follows : Group I : Control Group II : Melphalan alone (2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg). Group III : Heat alone (42.5degree C for 1 hour) Group IV : Melphalan + Heat (42.5degree C for 1 hour) Group V : HMA(10 mg/kg) + Melphalan (5.0 mg/kg) + Heat (42.5degree C for 1 hour) Each group included 8-12 mice on each experiment. HMA (3-amino-6-chloro-5(1-homopiperidyl)-N-(diaminomethylene)-c-pyrazinecarboxamide), an analog of amiloride which increases intracellular pH(pHi) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMS) and injected into the tumor-bearing mice through the tail vein. 10mg/kg of HMA and each dose of melphalan were injected into peritoneum of the tumor-bearing mice 30 minutes before heating. Tumor growth delay was calculated when the tumor vlme reached at 1500mm3 . Excision assay was performed on each group and repeated 2-4 times. RESULTS: Tumor growth delay of each experimental groups at 1500 mm3 were 9, 10, 13 and 19 days respectively. In vivo-in vitro excision assay using Fsall tumor cells, the cytotoxicity of each experimental groups was 1.2 X 107 , 1 X 107 , 6 X 106 , 1.7 X 106 and 1 X 105 clonogenic cells/gm respectively. When HMA was added to the combined treatment of heat and chemotherapy, the tumor growth ws delayed more than combined treatment without HMA i.e., 6 days tumor growth delay at 1500 mm3 of tumor volume. CONCLUSION: he combined effect of cytotoxicity by heat and chemotherapy can be much more enhanced by HMA.
Amiloride ; Animals ; Drug Therapy* ; Female ; Fever* ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Melphalan ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Peritoneum ; Tumor Burden ; Veins

We report a case of cutaneous calcinosis following extravasation of calcium calcium chloride in a 3-week old neonate, After extravasation of 3% calcium chloride infusion, rapid and marked swelling, erythema, and signs of soft tissue necrosis developed over the extensor surface of both upper extremities. Through the small channels of the destroyed epidermis, tiny white pieces of calcific masses were eliminated spontaneously. Histologically the calcium deposits were found as amorphous masses in the upper dermis and the discharge of calcium deposits also took place by means of transepidermal elimination. The central bone formation and surrounding calcium deposition were present along with dense lymphohistiocytic cell infiltration in the deep dermis. Complications of extravasation of calcium solution during intravenous infusion included localized calcification and, ocasionally necrosis. The incidence of compllcations was about eight percent. This is a case which again emphasises of the danger of using calcium chloride intravenously in the neonate or young infant.
Calcinosis* ; Calcium Chloride* ; Calcium* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Necrosis ; Osteogenesis ; Upper Extremity

We analysed postoperative corneal astigmatic changes to know that preoperative astigmatism was able to decreased according to the location of incision in sutureless cataract surgeries. We divided 70 patients, 81 eyes that scleral pocket incision, phacoemulsification, and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed into two groups. The one is the preoperative with-the-rule(WTR)astigmatism more than 1 diopter(D) with superior incision, and the other is the preoperative WTR less than 1D or against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism with temporal incision. We followed up the corneal astigmatic chnges until six months postoperatively. According to the results of algebraic analysis, in the superior incision group, postoperative astigmatic changes showed WTR decrease of 0.43D immediately, which advanced toward ATR decrease of 0.41D immediately, which keep up ATR decrease and showed ATR decrease of 0.44D at 6 months. According to the results of vector analysis, surgical inducced corneal astigmatism was o.69D in superior incision group and 0.50D in temporal incision group at postoperative 1day. It was 0.98D in superior incision group and 0.57D in temporal incision group at postoperative 6 months. We could decrease preoperative corneal astigmatism with performing incision at the position of greater corneal curvature. Temporal incision group showed less surgical induced astigamatic changes than superior incision.
Astigmatism* ; Cataract* ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification