Objective To study the ultrasonographic characteristics of rotator cuff tear after shoulder trauma,and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear.Methods Thirty-three patients suspected as rotator cuff tear in acute injuries were detected by ultrasound.Sonographic examinations were compared with surgery,arthrography or MRI.Results Sonographic characteristics include: invisibility of the cuff,focal defect of the rotator cuff,focal abnormal echogenicity within the cuff,focal thinned cuff.The sensitivity of sonography in detecting rotator cuff tear was 92% (22/24),the specificity was 82% (9/11),and the accuracy was 94% (31/33).Conclusions Sonography is the preferred examination method in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear.

Objective To investigate the effect of ginsenoside on degeneration of learning and memory in aged mice and the mechanism. Method Eighty female C57BL/6J mice aged 20-mo were randomly divided into control group and three ginsenoside treatment groups at dosage of 25,50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) respectively by drinking. In addition, 20 female C57BL/6J mice aged 3 mo were used to be young control group. Eight mo later, the learning and memory abilities of the mice were checked by Morris water maze. Thereafter, the mice were killed by decapitation,and their serum was collected to determine the level of SOD, GSH-Px and MDA. Hippocampal morphology was examined by Nissl stain; and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus was studied using Western blot method. Results 50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) ginsenosides administration could significantly shorten the escape latency of the aged mice in Morris water maze. Furthermore,the alleviated oxidative stress and up-regulated expression of BDNF were observed in 50, 100 (mg/kg?d) ginsenosides groups compared with aged control group. Serum level of GSH-Px was higher in 25 (mg/kg bw?d) ginsenosides group compared to that of aged control group. The number of Nissl-positive cell had no significant difference between all groups. Conclusion 50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) ginsenoside can significantly delay the degeneration of learning and memory in aged mice by lowering oxidative damage and up-regulating BDNF expression in hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effect on prevention and treatment autoimmune diabetes mellitus in NOD mice by oral administration porcine insulin.Methods One hundred and twenty female NOD mice were divided randomly into insulin group(n=60) and control group(n=60).Beginning from 6 week old, NOD mice were fed porcine insulin 500ul or phosphate buffered saline(PBS) 500ul seperately till 40 week old. At 6 ?12 ?20 ?25 ?30 week old,serum insulin of healthy mice was measured and pancreas were used for histology.Results Oral administration of insulin can marked decreased incidence of diabetes ( P

Objective To analyze and compare the long-term therapeutic effect and image changes of conservative therapy versus lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation to provide valid reference for its clinical treatment. Methods The clinical data from 182 patients with single-level lumbar disc herniation, who were treated from January 1983 to June 2008 and followed-up for more than 10 years, were analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into conservative treatment (CT) group (n=73) with a mean follow-up time of 17.61±3.87 years, and surgery group (n=109) with a mean follow up time of 17.17±3.47 years. In the CT group, 49 patients were male, 24 female; there were 44 patients with L4-L5 disc herniation, and 29 L5-S1 disc herniation. In 109 patients in the surgery group, 71 were male, 38 female; 68 had L4-L5 disc herniation, 41 had L5-S1 disc herniation, and all of them received lumbar discectomy. The long-term therapeutic effects were reviewed and compared retrospectively in the two groups, including clinical manifestations, image changes, neurofunctional evaluation, height of morbid intervertebral space, adjacent segment intervertebral space and the incidence of cephalad adjacent segment degeneration. Results Eight of 73 patients received lumbar spinal canal decompression because of intermittent claudication in the CT group, and 13 in surgery group underwent resurgery for recurrent lumbar disc herniation. At final follow up, the height of morbid intervertebral space (0.62±0.15cm)in surgery group was significantly lower than that in CT group (0.69±0.13cm, P<0.05), the Oswestry score (23.9%±6.3% in surgery group, 23.3%±6.5% in CT group) and height of adjacent segment intervertebral space (0.83±0.11cm in surgery group, and 0.82±0.11cm in CT group) were statistically compared, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. Five patients in CT group and 9 in surgery group were found to have degenerative instability by imaging, however, none of them presented obvious clinical symptoms. According to UCLA criteria, cephalad adjacent segment degeneration occurred in 8 patients (12%) of CT group, and in 23 (22%) of surgery group, and the incidence of cephalad adjacent segment degeneration was significantly higher in surgery group than in CT group (P<0.05). Conclusions The height of morbid intervertebral space is remarkably lower, and less of them trigger clinical symptom from adjacent segment degeneration in patients treated with lumbar discectomy. Both conservative therapy and lumbar discectomy can obtain better long-term results for lumbar disc herniation.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of high dose of calcitriol on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods The clinical data of patients with ESRDcomplicated with SHPT were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment method were divided into control group and observation group, the control group were given conventional dose of calcitriol treatment, the observation group were treated with high dose of calcitriol. The differences of calcium and phosphorus levels, parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and quality of life were observed between the two groups before and after treatment. Results The serum phosphorus, calcium and calcium-phosphorus product in two groups of patients before treatment had no significant difference. After treatment, the above indicators decreased in two groups of patients compared with those before treatment, and the observation group was significantly lower (P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no difference in the levels of PTH between the two groups. After treatment, the level of PTH in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in quality of life between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the quality of life in the two groups were higher than before treatment, and the observation group was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion High dose of calcitriol has good therapeutic effect for ESRD patients with SHPT and can significantly improve the patient's calcium and phosphorus and PTH levels, improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression changes of cytokines, inter-leukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the wound time following explosive injury to rabbit’s chest. Methods The rabbit’s model of explosive injury was established. The expression levels of IL-6、 IL-8 and TNF-α in the plasma were detected by ELISA method at different wound time (0.5-12 h). Results The level of IL-6 increased at 3 h after wounding and reached peak at 6 h. The level of IL-8 increased at 1 h and reached peak at 6 h. The level of TNF-α increased at 0.5 h and reached peak at 3 h. Conclusion IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α have a time-related expression after explo-sive injury.

Objective To establish a euglycemic clamp technique in beagle dogs. Methods The euglycemic clamp technique was applied in healthy beagle dogs and the blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, insulin and glucagon were monitored during the clamp. Results The blood glucose was controlled within the basal level.The coefficient of variation was less than 5% during the clamp. The serum insulin concentration finally reached(40.0±3.8)mIU/L stably and a significant inhibition was shown in endogenous insulin by the determination of C-peptide. But there was no significant increase in serum glucagon compared with basal values.Conclusion Methodology confirmed that the euglycemic clamp technique is successful in beagle dogs and can be applied in the study of pharmacodynamics of insulin preparations.

Objective To explore the relationship between cholecystoadenomyomatosis and gallbladder cancer.Method The expression of p53,bcl-2,EGFR oncoproteins were examined by method of immunohistochemistry in benign lesions and carcinomas in gallbladder.Results The study revealed that overexpressions of p53,bcl-2,EGFR oncoproteins were detected in 0,4,3 cases of 21 patients with chronic cholecystitis;0,5,3 cases of 20 patients with cholecysto-adenomyomatosis and 16,14,11 cases of 25 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder respectively.There were significantly differences in single or multiple oncogene expression rates among groups,but not in chronic cholecystitis to adenomyomatosis.Conclusions These results suggests that oncogenic changes of p53,bcl-2,EGFR expression may play a role in gallbladder oncogenesis,cholecystoadenomyomaltosis should not be considered as an important precancerous lesion of gallbladder.

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic model was prepared in Wistar rats and the blood glucose levels were controlled at 3 levels of＜10,10-14 mmol/L or＞16.7 mmol/L by insulin,and changes of glucose transporter(GLUT)1 and 3 protein expressions of brain were observed in control rats and diabetic rats with different blood glucose levels by immunohistochemistry.The results showed that chronic hyperglycemia could decrease the protein expressions of GLUT 1 and GLUT3.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the MRI findings of epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) of the liver.Methods The MR findings in a series of 8 patients with pathologically proven liver EAML were retrospectively analyzed. Distribution of lesions, signal intensity characteristics, tumor vascularity,feeding arteries and draining veins, fat, hemorrhage, cystic necrosis and pseudocapsule formation were evaluated and correlated with pathology.Results A single lesion was found in each of the 8 patients.All eight lesions showed long T1,long T2 inhomogeneous signal,and high DWI signal. There was only 1 lesion presented with fat,3 lesions presented with hemorrhage. On the dynamic contrastenhanced MRI scan,all 8 lesions manifested as hypervascular with tortuous vasculature in 7 patients.Dilated feeding arteries and draining veins were seen in 5 patients. Conclusion Liver EAML has unique MR imaging features,exhibiting hyperwascular lesions with dialated,tortuous feeding arteries,and draining veins on DCE MRI,which could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of liver EAML.