No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Islets of Langerhans* ; Nesidioblastosis*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Poisoning*

We present the case of a 33-year-old man who experienced a 10,000-V electrical shock when working with electrical wiring. He suffered third-degree burns on his scalp at the right occiput (entry wound) and on his left arm (exit would), and a second-degree burn on his left foot (exit wound). He presented with severe spasticity of both lower extremities, motor weakness with a Medical Research Council grade of 3, and sensory impairments below thoracic level 11 that included an inability to sense light touch and defects in proprioception. Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of his spine and brain showed no definite abnormalities. However, tractography obtained by diffusion tensor imaging of the brain showed absence of the right medial lemniscus tract. A cervical MRI scan 1 month later showed spinal cord swelling from cervical 1-5 levels, and signal changes in the lateral and posterior white matter in the axial view. After 6 months of rehabilitation, he recovered almost normal degree of motor function in his lower extremities and disappearance of spasticity. However, since the sensory impairments persisted, especially defects in proprioception, he was unable to walk independently.
Adult ; Arm ; Brain ; Burns ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Electric Injuries ; Electric Wiring ; Foot ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Spasticity ; Proprioception ; Rehabilitation ; Scalp ; Shock ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; White Matter

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) phosphorylates the prodrug ganciclovir to a nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA synthesis, causing cell death. Neighbouring nontransfected cells may be affected through a 'bystander effect', thereby amplifying the antiproliferative actions. This study was carried out to determine whether retrovirus-mediated HSVtk gene therapy could reduce intimal hyperplasia and prevent stenosis following balloon injury of the rat carotid artery. METHODS: A replication-defective recombinant retroviral vector containing HSVtk cDNA (LtkSN) was constructed. Cultured primary rat smooth muscle cells (SMCs) infected with this vector (SMC/LtkSN) were transplanted to the balloon injured rat right carotid artery. One week after transplantation, HSVtk gene therapy group was administered a 2-week treatment of ganciclovir (30 mg/kg/d). Three weeks after balloon injury and SMC/LtkSN transplantation, carotid arteriography was performed and carotid arteries were perfusion-fixed for histologic examination. RESULTS: Carotid arteriographic evaluation comparing with the uninjured left carotid artery showed that the mean luminal diameter of HSVtk gene therapy group (n=5, 85+/-3%) was significantly larger than that of balloon injury only group (n=5, 65+/-5%). The neointimal mass of HSVtk gene therapy group was less than that of balloon injury only group. SMC/LtkSN transplantation without ganciclovir treatment group (n=3) showed asymmetric intimal proliferation probably because of gravitational pooling of seeding. There were inflammatory cell infiltrations at the gravity dependent portion of HSVtk gene therapy group. CONCLUSION: Retrovirus-mediated HSVtk gene therapy following balloon injury of the rat carotid artery reduced neointimal expansion and arteriographic stenosis.
Angiography ; Animals ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Artery Injuries* ; Cell Death ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary ; Ganciclovir ; Genetic Therapy* ; Gravitation ; Herpes Simplex* ; Hyperplasia ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Phenobarbital ; Phosphotransferases* ; Rats* ; Simplexvirus* ; Thymidine Kinase ; Zidovudine

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Retroviridae*

Diurnally fluctuating hereditary progessive dystonia is a rare movement disorder characterized by marked diurnal fluctuation of symptoms and dramatic response to levodopa. We report two advanced female patients of two families who presented with progressive dystonia and gait disturbance. Both patients have a family history and showed excellent response to levodopa.
Dystonia* ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Levodopa ; Movement Disorders

PURPOSE: This study was performed to detect the diseases of congenital hypothyroidism by the neonatal mass screening test early and to demonstrate the possible role of topical iodinated antiseptics(povidone-iodine, PVP-I) on transient hyperthyrotropinemia in newborn infants. METHODS: We performed neonatal screening tests for inborn errors of metabolism since 1985 by Guthrie test for PKU, maple syrup urine disease, histidinemia, and homocystinuria and enzyme-linked immunosorbent test for TSH. And for our prospective study, 366 newborns with a appropriate gestational age (between 37 and 42 weeks) were submitted to TSH screening test. We divided the study subjects into 4 groups; the group used PVP-I for mother and alcohol for cord care was categorized as Group A, the group used PVP-I for both mother and cord care as Group B, the group used triple dye for mother and PVP-I for cord care as Group C, and the group used triple dye for mother and alcohol for cord as Group D. RESULTS: 1) By neonatal screening test for inborn errors of metabolism during the last 10 years, we detected one case of phenylketonuria (PKU), one case of histidinemia and 28 cases of congenital hypothyroidism. The incidence of congenital hypothyroidism was 1 in 3,918 live births. 2) The mean TSH levels were 6.25+/-5.09 microU/ml(male 5.85+/-4.77 and female 6.6+/-5.41 microU/ml) in Group A, 8.30+/-7.68 microU/ml(male 6.30+/-7.15 and female 9.98+/-7.77U/ml) in Group B, 7.42+/-5.35 microU/ml(male 7.40+/-6.11 and female 7.44+/-4.63 microU/ml) in Group C, and 6.33+/-1.95 microU/ml(male 6.19+/-1.90 and female 6.42+/-2.03 microU/ml) in Group D, There were statistically significance between Group A and Group B, and Group D, but there was no statistically significance between gender. 3) The number of the newborns showed high levels of TSH over 15 muU/ml were 4.2%, 26.7% and 7.7% in Group A, B, and C, respectively. But nobody showed high TSH level over 15 microU/ml in Group D without use of PVP-I. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we might be concerned for neonatal mass screening test on a national scale to prevent mental retardation and it is necessary to switch the povidone-iodine to other preparations as a perinatal antiseptics because of the possibility of the effect on neonatal screening test for congenital hypothyroidism.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local ; Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Homocystinuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Iodine* ; Live Birth ; Maple Syrup Urine Disease ; Mass Screening* ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; Mothers ; Neonatal Screening ; Phenylketonurias ; Povidone-Iodine ; Prospective Studies ; Umbilical Cord

BACKGROUND: Melanocytes grown in pure monolayer culure lack many of the cellular interactions that exist in vivo. This can be partially overcome by growing melanocytes together with other epidermal cells in skin equivalent models. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to grow human melanocytes in human epidermis reconstructed on dermal substrates in vitro and to examine their response to UV radiation. METHODS: The skin equivalents were prepared by seeding cultured human keratinocytes together with cultured human melanocytes(in a ratio of 5%) onto de-epidermized dermis. After 7 days of culture, they were exposed to UVB irradiation(total 150m J/cm over 5days). On day 12 of air exposure the sections of the skin equivalents were prepared for histology. The structure of the skin equivalents was studied following staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Melanocytes were characterized by DOPA staining and by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Melanocytes were localized singly within the basal layer of the reconstructs. Melanin was also visible both in the melanocytes and in neighboring keratinocytes. There was an increase in melanocyte size and dendricity following UV irradiation. Melanocytes became positive to staining with HMB-45 antibody following UV irradiation. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that melanocytes grown in reconstructed human epidermis are functional and capable of responding to UV irradiation.
Dermis ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epidermis* ; Hematoxylin ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratinocytes ; Melanins ; Melanocytes* ; Skin

PURPOSE: The residual intrahepatic stones with biliary strictures are difficult to remove percutaneously via T-tube tract after surgery in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. We evaluated the effectiveness of percutaneous balloon dilatation of benign biliary strictures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The balloon dilatations with 6-12mm angioplasty balloon catheter and stone extractions were performed via a T-tube tract after surgical treatment in 15 patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. The balloons were inflated for 3-4minutes under 5 atm. until disappearance of waist of the stricture site, from one to seven session. After balloon dilatation, residual stones were extracted with saline irrigation or stone basket. RESULTS: Among total 42 strictures, the balloon dilatation was succesful in 27 strictures(64.3%), partially successful in 12 strictures(28.6%), and failed in three strictures(7.1%). Single or central biliary strictures were dilated easily rather than multiple ductal strictures. Of 26 sites with residual intrahepatic stones, stone extraction was complete in 17 sites(65.4%), incomplete in seven sites(26.9%) due to impacted or large stone and acute ductal angulation, and failed in two sites(7.7%). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous balloon dilatation of benign biliary strictures is an effective procedure for extraction of residual intrahepatic stones associated with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis.
Angioplasty ; Catheters ; Cholangitis ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Recently in Korea, the rate of addictive drug abuse is rapidly increasing in men on salary, housewives, and even in adolescents, who have been considered to be free from drugs, which presents a serious problem to the society. Especially, the habituation to gateway drug, such as cigarettes and alcohol, before 15 years old, would lead to the increased possibility of other drug abuse, including illicit drugs. Thereupon in this study, we intended toreview the effect of adolescents smoking an the drug abuse and deviated behaviors. METHODS: On September, 1997, randomly selected were 12 classes, an the basis of 2 classes per grade, from the two schools which was located each in Seoul and Buchean. And survey was dane on 610 students with non non-nominl, self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS: The rate of adolescent smoking was 28.1% in male students and had increasing tendency of "the higher the grades, the higher the smoking rate"(17.0% in the 1st gade, 31.5% in the 2nd grade, 35.9% in the 3rd grade). The smoking rate of female students was 12.3%. From the 2nd grade of middle school to the 2nd grade of high school was the critical period when the smoking habit was initiated in almost 90% of the students. The experiencing rates of drug abuse in studied subjects were as follows : drinking(79.0%), stimulants(4.8%), sedatives(4.1%), hypnotics(3.1%), glue sniffing(1.5%), butane gas(0.7%), marijuana/hemp(0.2%). They were higher in the smoking group than in the nansMoking group, showing statistical significances in most items except hypnotics and marijuana/hemp. Also simihr results were shown in deviated behaviors between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: With the concerted efforts of family, school, society and natian, we as family physicians should make efforts to delay and prevent adolescent's smoking, which is a gateway to drug abuse and deviated behaviors, and to increase people's recognition of health risks caused by smoking, and to provide proper program for adolescents to stop smoking.
Adhesives ; Adolescent ; Critical Period (Psychology) ; Female ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Korea ; Male ; Physicians, Family ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Seoul ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Street Drugs ; Substance-Related Disorders* ; Tobacco Products ; Surveys and Questionnaires