No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Urodynamics* ; Uterine Prolapse*

OBJECTIVE: In case of the anterior communicating artery(A-com A) aneurysm surgery with pterional approach, complete identification of A-com A complex(H-complex) has been thought to be important and influence the clinical results. The authors present a retrospetive analysis to determine the significance of identification of H-complex in A-com A surgery. METHODS: We analysed 90 cases among 116 cases that were operated the A-com A aneurysm with pterional approach from June 1993 to May 1998. The cases were classified according to aneurysmal direction, size, and placement of A1-A2 junction by preoperative angiogram and intraoperative findings. RESULTS: Incomplete visualization of H-complex was influenced by the approach side to the anteriorly placed A1-A2 junction, larger than 11mm in aneurysmal size and superior or posterior direction of aneurysm. Postoperative outcome was influenced by Hunt-Hess grade, and seemed to be better when the approach was performed to side of the posteriorly placed A1-A2 junction with or without dominant A1, but aneurysmal direction was not concerned with postoperative outcome. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that in A-com A aneurysm surgery with pterional approach, careful evaluation of preoperative angiogram and approach to the side of the posteriorly placed A1-A2 junction lead to better outcome.
Aneurysm ; Intracranial Aneurysm*

To evaluate the effectiveness of conization in the diagnosis of cervical cancer, the histopathologic finding of 464 consecutive cases were analized with respect to the cytology, punch biopsy and hysterectomy. Cold knife conization was performed under direct visualization(naked eye conization) from January, 1987 to Octorber 1994 at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kosin Medical Center. The results were summerized as follows : 1. The rate of agreement and underdiagnosis of between pap smear and naked eye conization were 43.7% and 47%. 2. The rate of agreement and underdiagnosis of between punch biopsy and naked eye conization were 64.5% and 21.8% 3. Subsequent hysterectomy was done on the 382 case and their incidence of residual disease rate was 44.2%(169 cases). Their incidence of residual lesion was increased with severity of the carcinomatous change. 4. The rate of complication undergoing conization was 8.4%(39 cases).
Biopsy ; Conization* ; Diagnosis ; Gynecology ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Obstetrics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

PURPOSE: To clarify the chracteristic sonographic features of benign soft tissue tumors and to evaluate the usefulness of sonographic imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed ultrasonographic images of 70 cases in 68 patients with histologically proved benign soft tissue tumors. RESULTS: The tumors included 33 lipomas, 11 hemangiomas. 11 lymphangiomas, 7 neurilemmomas, 4 epidermold cysts, 2 fibromas, 1 mesenchymoma, and 1 myxoma. The SOhographic appearances of the lesions were mainly solid in 53 cases(33 lipomas, 8 hemangiomas, 2 lymphangiomas, 7 neurilemmomas, 2 fibromas and 1 mesenchymoma), mainly cystic in 14 cases(1 hemangioma, 8 lymphangiomas, 4 epidermoid cysts, and 1 myxoma), and mixed in 3 cases(2 hemangiomas and 1 lymphangioma). Although an accurate histologic prediction could not be made in most cases, certain patterns appeared to be characteristic of specific tumor types. 26 cases(78%) of lipoma were seen as lentiform, iso- or hyperechoic, solid mass. Hemangioma had variable appearance and chacteristic calcifications were seen in 3 cases. Unicameral or multiseptated cystic mass with variable thickness of echogenic septa and solid portion was the characteristic finding of lymphangioma. Neurilemmoma showed Iobulated, oval to round, relatively hypoechoic mass with or without internal cystic portion. CONCLUSION: Sonographic evaluation of benign soft tissue tumros is useful in demonstrating the location, size, extent, and internal characteristics of the mass. A relatively confident diagnosis can be made when the characteristic features of the benign soft tissue tumor are present on sonographic imaging.
Diagnosis ; Epidermal Cyst ; Fibroma ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Lipoma ; Lymphangioma ; Mesenchymoma ; Myxoma ; Neurilemmoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Amputation* ; Fingers*

Rheumatoid arthritis is a kind of collagen diease and involves many joints and extra-articular systems-heart, respiratory system, central nervous system, skin and reticuloendothelial system. The peripheral corneal ulcer is a rare chracteristic ocular finding in rheumatoid arthritis. Generally this ulcer is combined with minimal inflammation and vascularization. The local corticosteroid therapy is of no value and may be harmful. Collagenase inhibitor, hydrophylic contact lens. heparin therapy, limbal conjunctivectomy have been tried for treatment of this ulcer. The authors experienced a case of peripheral corneal ulcer in rheumatoid arthritis which responded to systemic corticosteroid therapy.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Central Nervous System ; Collagen ; Collagenases ; Corneal Ulcer* ; Heparin ; Inflammation ; Joints ; Mononuclear Phagocyte System ; Respiratory System ; Skin ; Ulcer

Malignant lymphoma is mainly found in lymphnodes but extralymphatic organs may be rarely involved. Malignant lymphoma of the orbit is relatively rare representing less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All lymphoid tumors of the orbit are radiosensitive and are mainly treated wiht curative intent by irradiation. We report a case of orbital malignant lymphoma in a 41-year-old male patient. He received radiation therapy and subsequent enucleation and till now is clinically free of the disease.
Adult ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Male ; Orbit* ; Radiotherapy*

We analysed clinically 354 glaucomatous patients from 1983 to 1987 who visited the clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology of National Medical Center. The results were as follows: 1) The prevalence of glaucoma was 1.56% among the out-patients. 2) The primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) was the most frequent type. 3) The mean age of the patients with POAG was 47.8 +/- 14.2 years and 60.8 +/- 8.9 years was that of the patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG). 4) There was no sexual preference in various types of glacoma, except PACG and secondary glaucoma. 5) There was no significant difference in laterality between right and left eyes.
Glaucoma ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Outpatients ; Prevalence

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Liver* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

BACKGROUND: Propofol has a high incidence of pain with intravenous injection, and different methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of this pain. In this study, we have compared the effect of lidocaine pretreatment with that of ketamine pretreatment on propofol injection pain. METHODS: Ninety healthy female patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups; saline group (n=30), lidocaine group (n=30) and ketamine group (n=30). Each patient received 2 ml of pretreatment solution (normal saline, 1% lidocaine, 0.5% ketamine) via 18G angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa after applying an arm tourniquet inflated to 50 mmHg. The tourniquet was released 1 minute later, followed by intravenous injection of 2.5 mg/kg of propofol. The assessment of pain was made at the induction of anesthesia and in the recovery room, and the severity of pain was classified as none, mild, moderate, severe by one observer. RESULTS: The severity and incidence of pain diminished significantly in the lidocaine group and the ketamine group compared with the saline group at the induction of anesthesia (p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between the lidocaine group and the ketamine group. We had similar results in the recovery room and one patient from the saline group and the ketamine group had no recall regarding injection pain. CONCLUSION: Intravenous ketamine pretreatment is as effective as intravenous lidocaine pretreatment in alleviating the propofol injection pain.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arm ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Intravenous ; Ketamine* ; Lidocaine* ; Propofol* ; Recovery Room ; Tourniquets