Congenital lobar emphysema has the clinical features of an air block' syndrome with- out the evidence of pulmonary infection or intrabronchial foreign body. The hyperinflated lung causes a compression of uninvolved lobes creating respiratory distress, cyanosis within the first weeks of life. We experienced a case of congenital lobar emphysema diagnosed incidentally by chest reontgenogram in an infant with frequent upper respiratory infection within a few weeks of life. Chest X-ray revealed extensive emphysematous changes in the left upper lobe, shifting of heart and medistinum to the right and compression of the right lung. Respiratory distress, cyanosis and chest wall retraction ensued and left upper lobe Lobectomy was performed successfully.
Cyanosis ; Emphysema* ; Foreign Bodies ; Heart ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax

Reiter`s disease can no longer be considerded a rare and relatively benign syndrome, defined by the clinical triad of urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis. In the etiology of Reiter`s disease, it can be regarded as a post-infectious syndrome after certain enteric disease or veneral infection and usually occurs in patients between 20 and 40 years old, with a male to female ratio of 10:1 in dysenteric cases and 50:1 in veneral cases. The diagnosis of Reiter`s disease should quite obious when the clinical manifestation of non specific urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis and mucocutaneous lesions. Recently, HLA-B27 antigen is strogly associated with Reiter`s syndrome and may be diagnosticlly useful when HLA-B27 is positive. There is no specific therapy for Reiter`s disease, but conservative treatement is aviable of acute stage oir recurrence of the disease. We have experienced a case of Reiter`s syndrome in 27 years old male and reproted with review of some literatures.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Conjunctivitis ; Diagnosis ; Female ; HLA-B27 Antigen ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence ; Urethritis

Anomalies of cell migration are due to various kinds of damage(vascular, infectious, teratogenic etc.) which interfere with neuronal migration between the 8th and 24th week of gestation. Periventricular heterotopias are nodular masses which protrude into the ventricular lumen. There is a high frequency of convulsive disorders. A 38-year-old woman presented to a intermittent headache, seizure-like activity and post-ictal subjective weakness on the left side. The computerized tomography findings and physical and neurologic examinations with an EEG revealed no specific abnormal findings. The MRI showed tumor-like nodular mass lesions at right periventricular area. The histological study of stereotactic excised biopsy demonstrated a composition of neuron and glia. After operation, headaches were slightly reduced and there was no reattack of seizure activity. Authors reports one case of periventricular heterotopia with a review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cell Movement ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroglia ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurons ; Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia* ; Pregnancy ; Seizures

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. But represent only less than 3% of gastrointestinal malignant neoplasm. Stomach is most common site of localization, followed by the small intestine, other parts of the GI tract, and the omentum. These tumors occasionally misdiagnosed as gynecological tumors. We report a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (CD117 positive and CD34 negative) giving an impression of ovarian malignancy with a brief review of the literatures.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Intestine, Small ; Omentum ; Stomach

Posttraumatic cerebral infarction is a recognized complication of craniocerebral trauma, but, its frequency, cause, and influence on mortality are not well defined. During a two year period, 706 patients with head trauma were examined in our hospital with cranial CT studies. The CT findings which strongly suggested the herniation were seen in 46 patients. The posttraumatic cerebral infarction was diagnosed retrospectively in 18 of these patients. Detailed information, including CT findings were recorded from 1 to 10 days after admission. Posttraumatic cerebral infarctions were seen in the vascular territories of the middle cerebral artery(PCA) in 9 patients, posterior cerebral artery(PCA) in 4 patients, anterior cerebral artery(ACA) in 3 patients, and multiple in 2 patients. Outcomes of these 18 patients were severely disabled in 8 patients, moderate disabled in 6 patients, and death in 3 patients. Only one remaining patient was demonstrated a good recovery. These results suggest that cerebral infarction with severe head trauma might be associated with significantly bad influence on outcome of these patients when compared with those without cerebral infarction.
Cerebral Infarction ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Humans ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: The relaxative response of blood vessels to acetylcholine (ACh) is known to be abnormal in diabetic rat due to changes in endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and/or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated action. Oxygen free radical (OFR) interferes with endothelium dependent relaxation to ACh in diabetic rats; this effect rnay be prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), OFR scavenger. Then, we determined the effect of SOD on modulation of OFR-induced damage to EDRF and EDHF-mediated relaxations to ACh in diabetic rat aortas. METHODS: After aortas were incubated with free radical generating system for 15 min with or without SOD pretreatment (150 U/mL) and contracted submaximally by norepinephrine (10 (-5) M), relaxative responses to cumulative concentrations (10 (-9) M to 10 (-5) M) of ACh were measured in aortas isolated from the control and 6-8 week streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. We measured relaxative responses to ACh in these aortas treated with calmidazolium (100uM) or N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (luM) after exposure to OFR with/without SOD pretreatment, RESULTS: The ACh-induced relaxation (10 (-9)M to 10 (-5) M) was significantly decreased in diabetic than in control rat aortas (p<0.05). ACh-induced relaxation in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 79.3% to 71.2% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of ACh-induced relaxation was recovered from 71.2% to 84.0% after pretreatment with SOD (p<0.05). EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 71.2% to 61.6% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of impairment of ACh-induced EDRF-mediated relaxation was recovered from 61.6% to 76.0% after pretreatment with SOD. After exposure to OFR, EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was not significanlty impaired. However, the degree of impairment of EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh was recovered from 46.0% to 59.5% after pretreatment with SOD. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that OFR may impair mainly EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh and SOD may protect rnainly OFR-induced damage to EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Aorta* ; Blood Vessels ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Free Radicals* ; Norepinephrine ; Oxygen* ; Rats* ; Relaxation* ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Proteinuria*

OBJECTIVE: Mutations in p53 are the most common genetic alterations in human malignancies. Expression of its protein product has been linked to decreased survival rate in ovarian carcinoma. P53 is well known as a pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor gene, but less is known about the importance of p21 expression in patients with epithelial ovarian malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different expression levels of p53 and p21 in various cell type of epithelial ovarian carcinomas and to determine their clinical significances. METHODS: Fifty eight patients (serous (n=18), mucinous (n=14), clear cell (n=12), endometrioid (n=14) carcinoma) with epithelial ovarian carcinoma were studied using paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. Immunohistochemical staining utilizing monoclonal antibody against p21 and p53 were performed. Amount of their proteins were quantified using western blotting. RESULTS: Mean age was 49.2 years old and advanced stage (III and IV) of cancer were 26 (44.8%). Recurrence rate and death rate were 20.7%, 22.4% respectively. With immunohistochemical staining for p21 and p53, p53 were significantly strongly stained in almost all epithelial ovarian carcinomas. However, p21 expressions were found in 10% of patients with serous carcinoma, 14% of patients with mucinous carcinoma, 38% of patients with endometrioid carcinoma, but 100% of patients with clear cell carcinoma. Among the patients whose tumors showed p21 staining, over expression were found in all clear cell typein western blot. But positive staining for p21 was below 10% in each slides of serous, mucinous and endometrioid type of ovarian carcinoma except clear cell type. This finding suggest that P21 expression was independent pathway in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis to the expression of p53 in serous, mucinous, and endometrioid type of ovarian carcinoma, but showed strongly positive correlation P21 and p53 expression in clear cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: P21 may be used as a marker for confirmation of diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma due to its unique expressions of p21.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Cell Cycle ; Diagnosis ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Mortality ; Mucins ; Naphazoline ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate

Patients with acromegaly have a reduced life expectancy rnainly due to cardiovascular, respiratory or cerebrovascular diseas-. Malignancy also seems to occur with greater than the expected incidence. In particular, the published retrospective or prospective studies have suggested a strong association of colonic neoplasia with acromegaly. But, there were a few reports of thyroid cancer in acrornegaly. We report a case of thyroid papillary cancer derived from diffuse goiter in acromegaly, sugge- sting the possible carcinogenic role of growth hormone.
Acromegaly ; Bites and Stings ; Colon ; Goiter ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Expectancy ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: The ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) are popular diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children, but there are many debates about their clinical significance. The purpose of this study is to clarify the clinical significance of USG, CT and follow-up CT performed subsequently to USG, especially in perforated acute appendicitis in children. METHODS: We have reviewed 419 cases of surgically confirmed acute appendicitis in children under the age of sixteen, who had been treated in Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital from March 2002 to February 2006. All the clinical data including the results of USG and CT were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of USG were 98.7%, 96.8%, 98.1%, 97.8% in non-perforation group and 90.8%, 100%, 100%, 81.9% in perforation group. Those of CT were 96.4%, 100%, 100%, 96.5% and 86.6%, 100%, 100%, 87.5% respectively. Those of follow-up CT after USG were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 87.5%, 100%, 100%, 92.0% respectively. The duration of using antibiotics in seven patients showed positive correlation with the interval between two imaging studies (r=0.0472, p=0.019). There was no statistical significance of correlation when these imaging studies performed within 30 hours together. CONCLUSION: In most of the cases, single choice between USG and CT would be enough to diagnose the acute appendicitis in children. But, it may be helpful to perform CT as early as possible subsequently to USG when there is discrepancy between initial USG and clinical impression.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography