No abstract available.
Bronchi* ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual outcomes and complications of unilateral scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (SF-PCIOLs) in pediatric complicated traumatic cataracts without capsular support. METHODS: This study involved five eyes of five children who underwent unilateral SF-PCIOL. All patients had a unilateral complicated traumatic cataract associated with anterior or posterior segment injury. Visual acuity (VA), IOL position, and postoperative complications were assessed during follow-up. RESULTS: The mean age of patients at the time of SF-PCIOL was 90 months (range, 66-115). The mean duration of follow-up time after surgery was 22 months (range, 5-55). In all patients, the best-corrected VA was either improved or was stable at last follow-up following SF-PCIOL implantation. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral scleral fixation of PCIOL can be a safe and effective procedure for pediatric, unilateral, complicated traumatic cataracts without capsular support in selected cases.
Anterior Eye Segment/injuries ; Aphakia, Postcataract/*surgery ; Cataract/*etiology/physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endophthalmitis/etiology ; Eye Injuries/*complications ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular/*methods ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclera/*surgery ; *Suture Techniques ; Visual Acuity

A biliary web is a rare lesion, which may produce an extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Even though congenital in nature, they usually present later in life, due to their initial patency, which allows bile drainage from the liver. Herein, a case of an operation on an isolated mucosal web of the common hepatic duct, in a 45 years old male, is presented.
Bile ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Drainage ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Liver ; Male ; Middle Aged

The authors experienced a case of cystic cerebellar astrocytoma which showed sudden respiratory arrest after an uneventful operation. Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid diversion was not performed despite moderate hydrocephalus because we thought that complete removal of tumor enables the cerebrospinal fluid pathway to be reconstitute. After full awakening from anesthesia postoperatively, the patient's mentality deteriorated again rapidly with sudden respiratory arrest. Brain CT scan taken immediately after revealed no specific finding except moderate hydrocephalus which was the same degree as the preoperative one. This hydrocephalus was alleviated and the patient recovered slowly. We postulate several pathogenic mechanisms for this unusual event. First, chronic compression of fourth ventricle resulted in marked subependymal gliosis and obliteration of outlets of fourth ventricle. Therefore, postoperative reaccumlation of cerebrospinal fluid in ventricles caused serious pressure effect on the lower brain stem with resultant sudden respiratory arrest. Second, sudden decompression of brain stem might induce marked hemodynamic change in the brain stem. Third, there was some traction injury to brain stem by gravity in the sitting position. We suggest that preoperative cerebrospinal fluid diversion and its adeqaute postoperative maintenance is important in posterior fossa tumor surgery in cases with obliteration of perimesencephalic cistern and fourth ventricle, and with brain stem compression or angulation in preoperative magnetic resonance images.
Anesthesia ; Astrocytoma* ; Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Decompression ; Fourth Ventricle ; Glioma, Subependymal ; Gravitation ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infratentorial Neoplasms ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Traction

The authors have operated on fifteen cases of intracranial arachnoid cyst during the last 4 years. Among them, eleven cases of middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst have undergone uniformly cystoperitoneal shunt. The craniotomy and fenestration(open surgery) was performed in three cases which located in quadrigeminal cistern(1 case) and harvored other combined problems(2 cases, intracystic hemorrhage and exophthalmos due to defect of lateral orbital wall respectively). A case of intraventricular arachnoid cyst was managed by ventriculocystostomy. All of above procedures showed good clinical and radiological results with acceptable morbidity and no mortality. With these observation, we thought as follows : 1) In middle cranial fossa cysts, cystoperitoneal shunt is sufficient as the first choice of operative intervention because it revealed good results with low morbidity and negligible complications. 2) Open surgery seems to be indicated only in deep seated cyst around brainsterm where the introduction of shunt catheter is difficult and dangerous and in cyst combinind other problems necessitating surgical intervation also.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoid Cysts* ; Catheters ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Craniotomy ; Exophthalmos ; Hemorrhage ; Mortality ; Orbit

A case of chronic epidural hematoma in the left frontal region is presented. The patient presented with a unique neurologic sign, exophthalmos, which was not a result of the injury but of in-growth of granulation tissue of the hematoma capsule into the orbit through the orbital roof defect. The time interval between head injury and the operation was about 25 years. Our case represent the second most longest time interval among the reviewed literatures.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Exophthalmos* ; Granulation Tissue ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orbit

PURPOSE: We performed this study to evaluate the clinical characteristics, including risk factors and etiologic subtypes, of ischemic stroke in young adults. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two patients with acute ischemic stroke and between 15 and 44 years of age who visited the Emergency Department of Samsung Medical Center from January 1999 to December 2003 were included. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records and the result of brain CT, brain MRI/MRA, transcranial doppler sonography, echocardiography, electrocardiography, and laboratory studies for coagulopathy, autoimmune disease, and vasculitis according to the Young-age Stroke Protocol of Samsung Medical Center. Stroke subtypes were classified based on the TOAST criteria. RESULTS: In this study, men (77.3%) significantly outnumbered women. The prevalence of cigarette smoking, habitual alcohol ingestion, hyperlipidemia, and DM was significantly higher in men than women. Stroke subtypes were large-artery thrombosis 26.5%, small-artery occlusive disease 20.5%, cardioembolism 17.4%, other determined etiologies 12.7%, and undetermined causes 22.7%. Among the 17 patients with other determined etiologies, arterial dissection (9 patients) was most common. Our Young-age Stroke Protocol identified a clinically significant result in only one patient. CONCLUSION: Smoking and alcohol ingestion were the most important risk factors. The proportion of large-artery thrombosis and small-artery occlusion was relatively high compared to previous western studies. Arterial dissection was the most common cause in other determined etiologies. The current Young-age Stroke Protocol has limited value for stroke in young Korean adults.
Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Brain ; Eating ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Male ; Medical Records ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stroke* ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Vasculitis ; Young Adult*

PURPOSE: To assess the methods for the clinical evaluation of the longitudinal bone changes after implantation of tooth ash-plaster mixture into the defect area of human jaws. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tooth ash-plaster mixtures were implanted into the defects of 8 human jaws. 48 intraoral radiograms taken with copper step wedge as reference at soon, 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week after implantation of mixture were used. X-ray taking was standardized by using Rinn XCP device customized directly to the individual dentition with resin bite block. The images inputted by Quick scanner were digitized and analyzed by NIH image program. Cu-equivalent values were measured at the implanted sites from the periodic digital images. Analysis was performed by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of resliced contiguous image. The obtained results by the two methods were compared with Cu-equivalent value changes. RESULTS: The average determination coefficient of Cu-equivalent equations was 0.9988 and the coefficient of variation of measured Cu values ranged from 0.08 ~ 0.10. The coefficient of variation of Cu-equivalent values measured at the areas of the mixture and the bone by the conversion equation ranged from 0.06 ~0.09. The analyzed results by the bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement were coincident with the changes of Cu-equivalent values. The surface plot of the resliced contiguous image showed the three dimensional view of the longitudinal bone changes on one image and also coincident with Cu-equivalent value changes after implantation. CONCLUSION: The bidirectional subtraction with color enhancement and the surface plot of the resliced contiguous image was very effective and reasonable to analyze clinically and qualitatively the longitudinal bone change. These methods are expected to be applicable to the non-destructive test in other fields.
Copper ; Dentition ; Humans ; Jaw ; Radiography* ; Tooth*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Despite an improved bone reactions of Mg-incorporated implants in the animals, little yet has been carried out by the experimental investigations in functional loading conditions. PURPOSE: This study investigated the clinical and histologic parameters of osseointegrated Mg-incorporated implants in early loading conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 36 solid screw implants (diameter 3.75 mm, length 10 mm) were placed in the mandibles of 6 beagle dogs. Test groups included 18 Mg-incorporated implants. Turned titanium implants served as control. Gold crowns were inserted 4 weeks after implant placement and the dogs were immediately put on a food diet. Implants were observed for 10 weeks after loading. Radiographic assessments and stability tests were performed at the time of fixture installation, 2nd stage surgery, 4 weeks after loading, and 10 weeks after loading. Histological observations and morphometrical measurements were also performed. RESULTS: Of 36 implants, 33 displayed no discernible mobility, corresponding to successful clinical function. There was no statistically significant difference between test implants and controls in marginal bone levels (P = .46) and RFA values. The mean BIC% in the Mg-implants was 54.5 +/- 8.4%. The mean BIC% in the turned implant was 45.3 +/- 12.2%. These differences between the Mg-implant and control implant were statistically significant (P = .005). CONCLUSIONS: The anodized, Mg-incorporated implant demonstrated significantly more bone-to-implant contact (BIC) in early loading conditions. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study in beagle dogs suggest the possibility of achieving predictable stability of early loaded free-standing dental implants with Mg-incorporated surface.
Animals ; Crowns ; Dental Implants ; Diet ; Dogs ; Mandible ; Titanium

PURPOSE: To report a case of isolated choroidal cystic lesion in the macula with no interval change for two years. CASE SUMMARY: A 29-year-old woman who had suspicious maculopathy was referred to our clinic. Her best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the affected right eye, which showed a choroidal cystic lesion on a fundus exam, fluorescein angiography, USG and OCT. The multifocal ERG showed reduced amplitudes of the cystic area in the right eye, and SLO microperimetry revealed reduced retinal sensitivity in the cystic lesion as well as a stable fixation and spared foveal function. There was no evidence of underlying ocular disease in clinical assessment, and the lesion had not undergone interval change for the past two years.
Adult ; Choroid ; Eye ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity