PURPOSE To provide evidence for the relationship between degree of invasion and tumor metastasis. The tumor cells of transplantable mouse histiocytic sarcoma (L1) were inoculated at the right hind footpads of inbred 615-strain mice. METHODS Once bearing the tumor, all the mice were sacrificed respectively on the 1st. 3th, 5th. 10th, 20th, 30th, and 40th day as to observe the degree of tumor invasion and the process of tumor metastasis. RESULTS When the degree of tumor invasion was grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ , the metastasis of tumor cells was found earliest in draining lymph nodes. However, the tumor metastasis in lung appeared later than in lymph nodes. CONCLUSION According to the time of tumor growth and degree of invasion and metastasis, the authors suggest a new classification for cancer staging, namely, latent, invasive and metastatic stages. During the stage of tumor invasion, it is redivided into early, middle and late invasive phases. During the stage of tumor metastasis, it is redivided into early, middle and late metastatic phases.

China ; Humans ; Occupational Health Services ; manpower

Objective To investigate the association between obesity and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A total of 253 men (>40 year old) with no obesity related diseases were selected.Medical history,height,body weight,waist circumference (WC),body fat ratio,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,blood lipid and prostate ultrasound were evaluated.The participants were then assigned to the normal group (body mass index 18.5 to 23.9 kg/m2),overweight group (24.0 to 27.9 kg/m2) and obesity group (≥28 kg/m2).The subjects were also divided into the normal group (WC<85 cm) and abdominal obesity group (WC≥85 cm) or normal group (body fat ratio≤25%) and excessive body fat ratio group (>25%).Prostate volume was analyzed in each group.Results The prostate volume was significantly different between the normal body mass index group and overweight or obesity groups,normal WC group and abdominal obesity group,and normal body fat ratio group and excessive body fat ratio group.The prostate volume was increased in individuals with higher body mass index,WC and body fat ratio.Of those with body mass index≥24 kg/m2 and normal WC or body fat ratio,the incidence of BPH was not significantly increased.Conclusion Obesity may be a risk factor for BPH; individuals with increased WC and body fat ratio may have a higher risk of BPH.

AIM: To study the protective effects of Dachuanxiong Decoction (Rhizoma Chuan Xiong, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, etc) on injury induced by ischemia in nerve cells. METHODS:The level variation of activity and calcium ions of nerve cell were observed, choosing nerve cell ischemia model with hypoxia device and adapting confocal laser scanning microscopy and MTT method.. RESULTS:Dachuanxiong Decoction adjusted the abnormal structure of ischemia nerve cell, inhanced the survival rate and nerve call's, activity and decreased the concentration of calcium ions of nerve cell. CONCLUSION: Dachuanxiong Decoction blocked the calcium ion channels, nourished and protected nerve cells from ischemic injury.

Objective To improve the understanding of primary pulmonary artery sarcoma(PAS)and its early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data of 3 PAS patients in Beijing Anzhen Hospital and related literature,the clinical features,diagnosis and therapy of the disease were retrospectively studied.Results Pulmonary artery sarcoma had similar clinical presentations to pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE).Although CT pulmonary angiography and Color Doppler echocardiography etc were helpful to the diagnosis of the entity,the confirmed diagnosis needed the operation.The surgery was main therapy for the disease.Conclusion Pulmonary artery sarcoma is easily misdiagnosed as PTE.The clinicians should pay more attention to the disease so as to early diagnose and treat it.

Objective: To study the effects of Dachuanxiong Prescription(Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, etc.) on nerve cell apoptosis of migraine model rat. Methods : To choose disease model of migraine with nitroglycerin by means of flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope. Results : Dachuanxing Prescription can adjust the abnormal ultra-structure of nerve cell of migraine model rats, decrease the incidence and the apoptosis percentage. Conclusion : Dachuanxing Prescription can block the nerve cell apoptosis of migraine model rat.

The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelial cells contributes to the development of cardiac fibrosis,ultimately leading to cardiac remodeling.In this study,the effects and molecular mechanisms of celastrol (CEL) on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC-12) cells were investigated.The presented data demonstrated.that CEL significantly blocked the morphology change of HUVEC-12 cells induced by TGF-β1 without cell cytotoxicity.In accordance with these findings,CEL blocked TGF-β1-induced EndMT as evidenced by the inhibition of the mesenchymal markers,including collagen Ⅰ,Ⅲ,α-SMA,fibronectin mRNA expression,and the increase in the mRNA expression of endothelial cell marker CD31.These changes were also confirmed by double immunofluorescence staining of CD31 and vimentin.The in vitro scratch assay showed that CEL inhibited the migration capacity of the transitioned endothelial cells induced by TGF-β1.Further experiments showed that the beneficial effect of CEL on blocking the EndMT in HUVEC-12 cells was associated with the suppression of the TGF-β1/Smads signalling pathway,which was also confirmed by the inhibition of its downstream transcription factor snail1,twistl,twist2,ZEB1 and ZEB2.These results indicate that CEL blocks TGF-β1-induced EndMT through TGF-β1/Smads signalling pathway and suggest that it may be a feasible therapy for cardiac fibrosis diseases.

Abdominal Pain ; etiology ; Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; Drug Eruptions ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Nausea ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of low-dose exogenous estrogen nonylphenol (NP) on the proliferation of human prostate cancer cell lines DU-145 and the expression of the membrane estrogen receptor GPR30 in the DU-145 cells.

METHODSWe exposed DU-145 cells to different concentrations of NP for 24 hours, followed by measurement of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the cells by cell proliferation assay and determination of the concentration of exposure to low-dose NP. We also observed the expressions of 3 estrogen receptors (ER), including ER-alpha, ER-beta and membrane estrogen receptor GPR30, in the DU-145 cells exposed to low-dose NP by RT-PCR.

RESULTSCell proliferation assay showed that within a certain range of doses, NP inhibited the proliferation of the DU-145 cells with an IC50 of 46 micromol/L, a much lower dose of NP than IC50, 0.01, 0.1.1 micromol/l NP, that can promote the proliferation of DU-145 cells. The results of RT-PCR indicated that the expressions of the three ERs in the DU-145 cells were similar to those in prostate epithelial cells, and that low-dose NP promoted the expression of GPR30.

CONCLUSIONMembrane estrogen receptor GPR30 may play a role in low-dose NP promoting the proliferation of DU-145 cells.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Male ; Phenols ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To explore the difference of gene expression profiling between normal basilar arteries and basilar arteries of cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rabbits. Methods cDNA chip of normal basilar arteries and basilar arteries of CVS after SAH in rabbits were downloaded from GEO database. The chip was analyzed and screened by Bioconductor software, and function enrichment and pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by Cytoscape software. Then 6 adult male Japanese rabbits were used, and randomly divided into normal control group (n=3) and SAH model group (n=3). Rabbit SAH models were established by cisterna secondary-blood-injection method. RNA data of normal basilar artery specimens on the 0 day and basilar artery specimens after SAH on the 5-day were used to validate the parts of differentially expressed genes by qRT-PCR. Results A total of 4356 differentially expressed genes were found in normal basilar arteries and basilar arteries of CVS after SAH in rabbits. Among them, 920 genes were considered to be significant with P-value<0.05, such as GRIK1, MYH13, ZNF45, SAA3, RLN1, MSR1 and others. Function enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were involved in regulation of Ca2+transmembrane transporter activity, negative regulation of ion transmembrane transport, regulation of potassium ion transport, positive regulation of JAK-STAT signaling cascades and other biological processes. Pathway analysis showed that calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways maybe related with the differentially expressed genes. qRT-PCR verification showed that the expression of MSR1 in SAH model group was consistent with that of the chip result. Conclusion The gene expressions of basilar arteries of CVS after SAH in rabbits are significantly different, and MSR1 gene can be used as a potential target for studying the pathological mechanism of CVS.