ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical trachelectomy.MethodsSixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients (aged 65-80 yr and weighing 55-74 kg) undergoing elective laparoscopic radical trachelectomy were randomly divided into two groups:30 patients received intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine 0.2 μg · kg - 1 ·h- 1 ( group D EX) and 30 received same volume of normal saline (control group,group NS) after induction of anesthesia.Cognitive function was assessed at 1 day before operation and on the 7th day after operation using a battery of nine cognitive dysfunction tests.ResultsCompared with group NS,on the 7th postoperative day,the incidence of POCD was decreased in group DEX ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionDexmedetomidine can improve POCD in the elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radicaltrachelectomy.

Objective To evaluate the subject's absorbed dose,equivalent dose and effective dose.Methods The CBCT unit was Implagraphy and three scan projections were selected such as mandible,maxilla and temporamandibular joint (TMJ).Thermoluminescent dosimeter tubes were used to record the absorbed dose at special positions in the head and neck region of an adult skull and tissue-equivalent phantom.16 interested organs included pituitary,lens,parotid glands,submandibular glands,sublingual glands、diploe,spongy bone of the chin and cervical vertebra,skins of cheeks and nuchal region,thyroid and esophagus.The absorbed dose was measured in these organs,and then the effective dose(E1990,E2007)were calculated according to different ICRP tissue weighting factors.Results The absorbed dose of mandible,maxilla and TMJ scan varied from (0.99 ±0.09) to (12.85 ±0.09)mGy,(0.93 ±0.01) to (13.07 ±0.02) mGy and (0.68 ±0.01) to (10.18 ± 0.04)mGy.There was significant difference among the three scan projections (F =19.61-30992.27,p ＜ 0.05).The equivalent doses of lens and skin were (1.11± 0.07)-(5.76 ± 0.06) mSv and (6.96 ± 0.06)-(10.64 ± 0.07) mSv.There was significant difference among the three scan projections(F =4473.02,9385.50,P ＜0.05).The effective dose(E1990,E2oo7) was [(191.35±1.53),(325.17 ±2.58) μSv] for mandible scan,[(106.62 ±2.17),(226.28 ±2.81)μSv] for maxilla scan,[(104.21 ± 1.02),(142.36 ± 1.90) μSv]for TMJ scan,respectively.Conclusions The valid measurement should be taken to reduce the subject' s dose such as a careful history and clinical examination before the performance of CBCT,the latest risk/benefit assessment,precise scan position,the shielding of thyroid as well as brain and the smaller volume size as well.

Aged, 80 and over ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Brain ; pathology ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; etiology ; pathology ; Consciousness Disorders ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male

43℃) and low pH (pH

Objective To investigate the safety and clinical prognosis of breast conserving operation in treat-ment of triple negative breast cancer.Methods 157 patients with breast cancer were divided into the non triple nega-tive breast cancer group (n=76) and triple negative breast cancer (n=81) according to its receptor expression,clin-ical pathological features, local recurrence after 5 years.Distant metastasis and survival situation were compared between two groups.Results The age<35 years patients of triple negative group accounted 17.3%,significantly higher than 7.9%of the non triple negative group(χ2 =5.331,P<0.05);the size of tumor≥5cm of triple negative group accounted 79.0%,significantly higher than 59.2% of the non triple negative group(χ2 =7.022,P<0.05);The patients with positive family history and lymph nodes of the triple negative group were 9.9%and 28.4%,signifi-cantly higher than 2.6%and 17.1%of non triple negative group,the difference between the two groups was statisti-cally significant (χ2 =6.283,4.865,all P<0.05);The local recurrence,distant metastasis rate and 5 year survival rates between the two group were not significantly different(χ2 =2.559,2.829,2.361,all P>0.05);The 5 year dis-ease free survival rate of the triple negative group was 80.25%,significantly lower than 94.74%of the non triple neg-ative group (χ2 =6.572,P<0.05).Conclusion The patients with triple negative breast cancer is younger,their tumor size is large and has a high proportion of family history.Their recurrence rate,distant metastasis rate and 5 year overall survival rate are as better as the patients with non triple negative breast cancer after breast preservation opera-tion,which has high security and good clinical application value.

Objective To evaluate the security and biocompatibility of a new kind of absorbable high-strength PDLLA-CPP composite, which is used for internal fracture fixation. Methods According to the national standard of the procedure of appraise in food security and toxicology, micronucleus test of bone marrow cell, spermatic aberration test, chromosomal aberration test, and teratogenic test were measured with IP maximal tolerance dose of maceration extract from PDLLA-CPP composites. Meanwhile, chondrocyte culture with PDLLA-CPP composite was used to evaluate the effect of PDLLA-CPP composite on cartilage cell proliferation. Results Micronucleus test of bone marrow cell, spermatic aberration test, chromosomal aberration test, and teratogenic test were not affected by IP maximal tolerance dose of PDLLA-CPP maceration extract. PDLLA-CPP composite also had no cytotoxicity on cartilage cell proliferation. Conclusion PDLLA-CPP is a new and safe medical material with good biocompatibility and absorbability.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of testing amino acids levels in brain microdialysate by method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with α-aminobutyric acid (AABA) as the internal standard.MethodsReversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), orthophthaladehyde (OPA) precolumn derivatization method and fluorescence detector were used. The separation was performed using an ODS-C18 column. AABA, an isomeric compound of GABA, served as the internal standard, phosphate buffer solution and methanol as the mobile phase, gradient elution lasted in 35 min.Results7 kinds of amino acids and internal standard were separated completely. The mean recovery of amino acid was 88.2%—102.3%. The mean correlation coeffeicient of the linear relationship was 0.998±0.0015.Limits of detection for amino acids were 1.0—8.6 ppm respectively.ConclusionThe method mentioned above is simple and sensitive for operation, and can be used for determined levels of amino acids in microdialysate.

BACKGROUND: As a kind of polypeptide, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide can lower the blood pressure of human body through restraining the formation of angiotensin Ⅱ.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of AGE inhibitory peptide on endothelial cell proliferation and endothelin expression in cultured human umbilical vein cells based on cellular and molecular levels in order to provide the experimental evidences for ACE inhibitory peptide to be the potential blood pressure-lowering health food.DESIGN: Repeated measures design.SETTING: School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology; School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology,Shenzhen Polytechnic.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Institute of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic from September 2004 to March 2005. The AGE inhibitory peptide was provided by the Institute of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic. Under certain circumstance, 15 μ mol/L of the inhibitor was needed to decrease half of the AGE activity. The human umbilical vein endothelial cells of the 4th generation were cultured randomly in 7 groups with different concentrations: medium group, 150, 300 and 600 mg/L ACE inhibitory peptide groups, captopril group, norepinephrine(NE) group, and ACE inhibitory peptide+NE group.METHODS: ①The endothelial cells were cultured as recommended. The medium was M199+FBS(0.15, v/v)+penicillin(10 000 U/mL)+streptomycin (100 mg/L). After cellular fusion, the cells were carried on the passage with the ratio of 1:2. The 4th generation cells were used for experiment. ②M199(0.15, v/v) was contained in each group. ACE inhibitory peptides were added to make the final concentration 150, 300 and 600 mg/L in the 150, 300 and 600 mg/L ACE inhibitory peptide groups respectively. Captopril was added to make the final concentration 10-5 mol/L in the captopril group. NE was added to make the final concentration 100 μg/L in the NE group. ACE inhibitory peptide and NE were added to make the final concentration 300 mg/L and 100 μg/L in the ACE inhibitory peptide+NE group respectively. ③The state of cell growth was determined with cytometry. The contents of endothelial cells in the medium with different culture times were determined with radioimmunoassay. The expression of endothe lin mRNA was determined with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The expression of cellular endothelin protein was determined with immunohistochemical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The influence of ACE inhibitory peptide on endothelial cell proliferation. ②The influence of ACE inhibitory peptide on the endothelin mRNA and endothelin protein.RESULTS: ①The influence of ACE inhibitory peptide on endothelial cell proliferation and endothelin secretion: Compared with the medium group,in the captopril and 150, 300, 600 mg/L ACE inhibitory peptide groups,the growth of endothelial cells was restrained and the endothelin content in the medium was lowered(P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). NE could promote the growth of endothelial cells and the secretion of endothelin, but the cell density and endothelin content after treatment with ACE inhibitory peptide were similar to those in the medium group (P ＞ 0.05). ②The influence of ACE inhibitory peptide on the expressions of endothelin mRNA and protein in endothelial cells: Compared with the medium group, the expressions of endothelin mRNA and protein might be lowered in the captopril and 150,300, 600 mg/L ACE inhibitory peptide groups(P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). The expressions of endothelin mRNA and protein could be up-regulated by NE.The gene expression after treatment with ACE inhibitory peptide was similar to that in the medium group(P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The ACE inhibitory peptides of different dosages can all restrain the growth of endothelial cells, lower the endothelin content, decrease the expression of endothelin gene and resist NE improved growth and secretion of endothelial cells in umbilical vein cell effectively.

To cultivate high quality nursing personnel,it is necessary to put significant emphasis on humanistic education.The combination of physiology teaching and humanistic education for nursing students was discussed in this article.In teaching practice,professional knowledge and humanistic quality of nursing students could be improved through various ways,including enhancing humanistic quality of teachers,establishing people oriented teaching philosophy,introducing history of science,carring out research-based learning projects.

Objective To explore the diagnostic values of dual energy lung perfusion in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism by using dual-source CT (DSCT). Methods Thirty patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism underwent dual-energy scanning with dual-source CT. The scanned data were integrated into three groups including 140, 80 kV and coefficient of 0.3. According to the CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) of the fusion data, the patients were divided into pulmonary embolism group and normal group. The thin-slice reconstruction of data was analyzed using dual-energy perfusion imaging analysis software. The lung field was divided into upper, middle and lower part to make quantitative analysis of lung tissue perfusion. Paired t-tests were used in the normal patients to compare bilateral lungs, and independent samples t-tests were applied to compare the embolism group and normal group, while minimum intensity projection images (MinIP) were utilized in the assessment of lung ventilation. Results Dual energy CT showed symmetrical homogeneous perfusion in 16 normal cases, without significant perfusion defects. Quantitative analysis showed that left and right lung perfusion were (27 ± 7) and (28 ± 8 ) HU respectively, and no significant difference was found between the two sides ( t=-1.73, P ＞0.05 ).Perfusion of the left upper, middle and lower lung was ( 23 ± 6), (24 ± 6), and (28 ± 8) HU respectively, while the perfusion of right upper, middle and lower lung was (26 ±8), (27 ±8), and (28 ±9) HU respectively, showing no statistical significant difference between the two sides (t=-1.91, -1.96,-1.73 ,P＞0.05 ). Angiography of pulmonary embolism group(14 cases)showed filling defects in the pulmonary trunk, segments and sub-segments. Pulmonary perfusion imaging showed low perfusion or defectsin lung field that dominated by embolic vessels. Quantitative analysis showed that the perfusion of the whole lung and the middle and lower lung were (22 ±5), (22 ±8), and (21 ±8) HU in the embolism group,which were significantly different from the normal group (t=-2. 10, -2.32, -2.63, P＜0.05).Minimum intensity projection images showed a good consistency of abnormal ventilation zone area and perfusion abnormalities. Conclusions Pulmonary perfusion status, especially pulmonary embolism, can be analyzed by dual energy CT scanning. It helps to early discover and precisely locate the embolism.