Objective To investigate the effect and safety of different PaO2 to the reoxygenation injury of cyanotic congenital heart disease through controlling the FiO2 when initiating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Thirty patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease were divided into 3 equal groups according the PaO2 when initiating cardiopulmonary bypass:group 1 (G1,PaO2 ＜ 120 mm Hg) ; group 2 (G2,PaO2 120-180 mm Hg),group 3 (G3,PaO2 180-250 mm Hg),and ten patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease were group 4 (G4,PaO2 ＞ 200 mm Hg).Serum CK-MB,cTnI,IL-6,TNF-α,SOD,8-ISO and S100β were measured before CPB、5 minute after CPB,10 minute after CPB,5 minute after cross clamp releasing,2 hours and 24 hours post operation with intemal jugular vein blood samples.Clinical results were also recorded.Results CK-MB,cTnI,IL-6,TNF-α,8-ISO and S100β3 were all normal without significant differences between them before CPB.After initiation of CPB,their levels in all groups increased,reached the peak before or after the stop of CPB,then gradually declined.At each time point,the levels of these indexes were G3 ＞ G2 ＞ G1 ＞ G4 with significant difference between them (P ＜ 0.05) ; The serum SOD levels of G4 were higher than the other three groups with significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).They all declined after initiation of CPB,reached lowest after cross clamp releasing,then gradually increased.At 5 minute after CPB,10 minute after CPB,5 minute after cross clamp releasing,2 hours post operation,there were significant differences between four groups (P ＜ 0.05),and at 24 hours post operation,the SOD levels of G4 were higher than the other three groups with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference between G1,G2 and G3 in SvO2,Lac,positive vasoactive drugs、ventilation time and ICU time.All patients were alive.Conclusion Low reoxygenation concentration can reduce the reoxygenation injury of cyanotic congenital heart disease,though there may be some potential influence to cerebral oxygen metabolism.Further studies about oxygen supplymethodsare necessary in deep hypothermia and long-time CPB.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the utilization and variation tendency of oral hypoglycemic agents in Wuhan area,and to provide reference for drug selection and enterprise production and sale. METHODS:The utilization of oral hypoglycemic agents in 34 hospitals from Wuhan area during 2011-2013 was analyzed statistically in respects of consumption sum,DDDs and DDC etc. RESULTS:The consumption sum and DDDs of oral hypoglycemic agents increased by 20% and 7% respectively year by year. Acarbose had a market share of over 40%. The drug use frequency of metformin ranked the second place only to acarbose. DPP-4 inhibitor had a promising future,with a consumption sum proportion of more than 10%,while the market share of traditional Chi-nese medicine had fallen below 3%. Except for repaglinide,gliclazide,glimepiride,Xiaoke pills,etc.,the selling of other medica-tions are consistent with the user. CONCLUSIONS:The utilization of oral hypoglycemic drugs is basically rational in 34 hospitals from Wuhan area during 2011-2013.

Neuroimaging technology is the major means in the study of cerebral blood flow. This article reviews all kinds of neuroimaging technologies in identification of perihematomal penumbra in intracerebral hemorrhage,as well as the research status of perihematomal cerebral blood flow in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Cardiovascular disease is a severe threat to human health and life. Among many risk factors of cardiovascular disease, genetic or gene-based ones are drawing more and more attention in recent years. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that the loss or mutation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene can result in DNA damage repair dysfunctions, telomere shortening, decreased antioxidant capacity, insulin resistance, increased lipid levels, etc., and thus can promote the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as aging, atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we discusses the possible mechanisms between ATM gene and cardiovascular risk factors, which could be helpful to the related research and clinical application.
Aging ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; genetics ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; genetics ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Humans ; Mutation ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND:PA6 cells are bone marrow stromal stem cells from the mouse skul , and scientists have found that PA6 cells co-cultured with some kinds of stem cells have shown neural differentiation, based on which, PA6 cells can be used for repair of nerve injury. Therefore, researchers give more and more attentions to PA6, but few studies have addressed isolation and culture methods of bone marrow stromal stem cells from the skul . OBJECTIVE:To isolate and culture bone marrow stromal stem cells from the skul of Sprague-Dawley rats and to observe cellular morpholopy in vitro and perform immunofluorescence identification. METHODS:Under sterile conditions, newborn Sprague-Dawley rat’s skul was cut into pieces. Smal skul pieces were washed using Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum. Single cellsuspension was made, and placed in culture flask. The culture medium was changed many times for cellpurification. The second passage of cells was obtained for morphology observation under an inverted microscope. cellsurface markers were detected by using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the primary culture for 24 hours, cells exhibited adherent growth;after 3 days, cells were increased in number, and presented with irregular shapes, such as polygon, triangle, spindle and flat shape. After passage, cells were uniform in morphology, arranged in radial and bunch patterns, and exhibited strong adherent ability. Some cells grew in cluster, and proliferated faster than primary cells. Immunofluorescence staining showed that cells were positive for CD105, CD73, CD44, CD90, but negative for CD45, D34,CD14, HLA-DR. Results indicate that this method can obtain bone marrow stromal stem cells.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have potential to self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. But after a long period of culture in vitro, the proliferation and differentiation capacities of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells gradual y loss, the mechanism underlying which is not clear now.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of autophagy-related gene Beclin-1 in differentiation from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells in vitro.
METHODS:The changes of morphological characteristics of neuron-like cells differentiated from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by epidermal growth factor were observed. The expression of neuron-specific enolase and glial fibril ary acidic protein in treated and untreated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected using immunocytochemistry. The Beclin-1 protein expressions were detected by western blot before and after induction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After being induced, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells presented classical neuron-like morphology;the expressions of neuron-specific enolase and glial fibril ary acidic protein were 78.7%and 8.1%, respectively. The expression of Beclin-1 protein was changed correspondingly during the induction, which increased after 30 minutes of induction and decreased gradual y after 1 hour of induction. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could be induced into neuron-like cells in vitro by epidermal growth factor. Autophagy-related gene was highly expressed in the induction of early differentiation and the expression gradual y reduced until it remained at a low level during the differentiation.

Purpose To investigate the MRI characteristics and differential diagnosis of intraventricular meningioma. Materials and Methods The clinical manifestation and MRI characteristics was retrospectively analyzed in the 11 patients with confirmed intraventricular meningioma by pathology. Results The intraventricular fibrocellular meningioma (7 cases) showed iso- and slightly short T1 signal and short and heterogeneously iso-T2 signal. The syncytial (1 case) and mixed (1 case) miningioma in the fourth ventricle, the syncytial meningioma in the third ventricle, and endothelial meningioma in the septum pellucidum (1 case) all showed slightly long T1 and slightly long T2 signal. Pathology results showed that 7 cases of fibrocellular meningioma in lateral ventricle, 1 case of syncytial meningioma and mixed type in the fourth ventricle, 1 case of syncytial meningioma in the third ventricle, 1 case of endothelial meningioma in septum pellucidum Conclusion The fibrocellular type was commonly encountered for the lateral ventricle meningioma, and hypointensity on T2WI could be regarded as its typical MRI characteristics, and it is diffcult for the differential diagnosis for the other intraventrical meningiomas.

Objective To survey the high risk behavior and infection of HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men(MSM)and provide scientific evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods MSM were sampled by snowball sampling method and were interviewed by well trained investigators face to face under the informed consent.Their venous blood samples were collected for HIV seropositivity rate.Results A total of 1000 MSM,averagely aged(27.8?9.1)years,were interviewed,among whom 43.9% perceive AIDS knowledge.78.6% had anal intercourse with male partners,31.8% of whom always used condom in the past 6 months.8.0% participants had commercial sex with men in the past 6 months.The prevalence of HIV in the surveyed subjects was 10.4%.Conclusion Potential risk of HIV epidemic threatens local MSM who spread the risk to general population.High risk behavior is ubiquitous among MSM.It is imperative to carry out targeted interventions among MSM.

Objective To investigate the changes of immune state and the impact on immunological rejection elicited by abdominal cavity bacterial infection after DA-Lewis rat liver transplantation.Methods Orthotopic liver transplant model was established by modified Kamada two-cuff technique.The animals were divided randomly into Group 1,isotonic Na chloride injected into abdominal cavity 3 days after operation;Group 2,mixed Bacillus coli liquid injected instead of saline;Group 3,immunosuppressive drug CsA administered routinely after operation(3 mg?kg-1?d-1).All the animals were sacrificed 7 days after infection.The blood and graft samples were collected for cell-subpopulation,mixed lymphocyte culture,IL-4,IFN-? mRNA detection and histological evaluation.Results Seven days after infection,the lympholeukocyte population,CD4/CD8(G1=1.753?0.181,G2=1.384?0.073,G3=0.997?0.025)and lympholeukocyte function(SI:G1=67.59?3.40,G2=37.14?0.90,G3=15.87?0.51)declined in Group 2 as compared with other groups and cellular differentiation drifted to Th2.There was significant difference between Group 2 and Group 1 or 3.Conclusion Abdominal cavity bacterial infection after rat liver transplantation will promote the differentiation of T cells into Th2,down-regulate CD4/CD8 ratio and immune function of lymphocytes and accordingly alleviate partly the acute rejection following liver transplantation.

Objective To study the mithridatism of VMAT 2 in transgeneic CHO cell.Methods Using technology of transgene from PC 12 to CHO, MTT reduction assay was used to detect the toxic effect on MPP + to wtCHO and cDNACHO,meanwhile the role of reserpine was observed,including the toxic effect to MPP + on specific blocking agent of VMAT 2.Results cDNACHO to the sensitivity of MPP + was much less than that of wtCHO over concentration of 0.5 mmol/L MPP +; cDNACHO had the same sensitive as wtCHO to rotenon;after the reserpine was added,the above role disappeared,but wtCHO reserpine was given alone,it couldn't change its sensitivity to MPP +.Conclusion VMAT 2 has protective effect on cDNACHO by transporting MPP + to vesicles; PC 12 possesses the antitoxic components.