No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Femur Neck* ; Humans

In 1983, Nora et. al. reperted 35 cases of bizarre parosteal osteochodromatous proliferations of the hands and feet. All lesions occured on proximal phalanges, metatarsals, or metacarpals. The gross appearance was typically that of a small osteochondroma. Radiologically, the proliferations lacked both central continuity of the tumor with the underlying osseus medulla and flaring of the adjacent cortices. Histologically, the lesion exhibited marked proliferative activity, irregular bohy cartilaginous interface, and enlarged, bizarre, and binucleate chondrocyte. The authors experienced a case of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation of the right foot in a 61 year-old female which arised from the proximal phalanges of second toe, hostologic and radiologic findings were consistent with the bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation. The mass was treated by excision, and neither recurrence, nor malignant change was observed up to one year follow-up period.
Chondrocytes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Metacarpal Bones ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteochondroma ; Recurrence ; Toes

Longitudinal growth acceleration of the femoral shaft after fracture in children has been recognized since the late nineteenth century, Orthopaedic surgeons have attempted to compensate for the leg length discrepancy by allowing union to occur with some degree of shortening, but logitudinal overgrowth following fractures of the tibial shaft in children has been rarely studied. Thirty-one children, treated for fracture of the shaft of tibia, were studied prospectively to assess the consequent increase in longitudinal growth of the tibia. The material presented in this paper is the result of the study of thirty-one children with fractured tibia who were treated in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University, since 1986 October, the age of the child varied from 3 years to 13 years, these cases have been followed from 30 months to 40 months. We have made a radiologic study of fracture of the tibial shaft with a view to analysing the results according to a number of factors, including the sex and the type, site and degree of overriding of fracture, and method of treatment, and then the degree of overgrowth was compared with unaffected side. 1. The average tibial overgrowth following tibial shaft fracture is 7mm. 2. Growth of the femur was not affected by the tibial fracture.
Acceleration ; Child ; Femur ; Heart ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Prospective Studies ; Surgeons ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Pregnancy* ; Umbilical Arteries*

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to analyze the MR findings of medulloblastoma, and to evaluate the subarachnoid dissemination and the significance of contrast enhanced MR of brain and spine for tumor.. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The preoperative brain MR studies of 18 patients (9 males, 9 females;mean age, 9.4 years) with surgically proved medulloblastomas were retrospectively reviewed to characterize these neoplasms with regard to their location, size, MR signal intensity, appearance after contrast enhancement, presence of cyst and necrosis, subarachnoid dissemination, and other associated findings. In 14 patients postoperative spine MR studies were evaluated for staging and therapeutic planning. RESULTS: The most frequent location of medulloblastoma was the inferior vermis and the mean tumor size was 4.1 x 3.6 x 3.9 cm. On Tl-weighted image, medulloblastomas generally had low to intermediate signal, predominantly hypointense relative to white matter. On T2-weighted image, medulloblastomas showed modetately high signal, hyperintense relative to white matter. Inhomogeneous contrast enhancement was demonstrated in 13 patients(72.2%) after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine(Gadolinium). Cyst and necrosis within the tumor were visualized in 15 patients(83.3%). Subarachnoid disseminations of medulloblastomas were noted in 11 patients(61.1%), of which 6 demonstrated intracranial and 2 intraspinal dissemination. Three had both intracranial and intraspinal dissemination. In nine cases with intracranial lesions, there were intraparenchymal mass formation(7), subarachnoid nodules(5), infundibular lesions(2) and diffuse gyral enhancement(I). In five cases with intraspinal lesions, there were extramedullary intradural small nodules(3), central canal nodules(2), intradural masses(I)and fine nodular and sheet-like leptomeningeal enhancement(1). Other associated findings included intratumoral hemorrhage(11.1%), per/tumoral edema(44.4%), tonsillar herniation(44.4%), hydrocephalus(88.9%) and calcification(44.4%). CONCLUSION: Medulloblastomas revealed low to intermediate signal intensity on Tl-weighted image and intermediate to moderately high signal intensity on T2-weighted image, relative to cerebellar white matter. Medulloblastomas were solid tumors with cystic necrosis, which showed inhomogeneous enhancement and subarachnoid disseminations to the intracranial and intraspinal spaces after Gd-DTPA enhancement. Gd-enhanced MR of brain and spine was an useful diagnostic modality in preoperative diagnosis and in staging of postoperative cases of medulloblastomas, which was superior to postcontrast CT or precontrast MR.
Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Male ; Medulloblastoma ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine*

PURPOSE: To analyze angiearchitecture of arteriovenous malformations(AV malformation) in order to clarify the angiegraphic risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage and other nonhemorrhagic symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-five patients with angiegraphically-proved brain arteriovenous malformation were included in this study. Retrospective review of clinical history and angiography was done. Topographic analysis and evaluation of 17 angiearchitectural characteristics were conducted. RESULTS: Deep-seated and cortico-callosal type, small nidus size, intranidal pouch, one draining vein, deep venous drainage only venous stenosis and venous aneurysm were the most discriminating or predictive characteristics of hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformation. And those with large nidus size, dural supply and venous hypertension were correlated with nonhemorrhagic symptoms such as seizure, headache and neurologic deficit. CONCLUSION: Detailed analysis of the angiearchitecture of brain arteriovenous malformations is needed to identify the features that are correlated with prognostic implications for the treatment of patients with ^V malformations.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seizures ; Veins

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Leiomyosarcoma*

A retrospective study was made of the medical records of 114 pregnant women with untreated syphilis and their offsprings, and 19 pregnant women with treated syphilis and their offsprings at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine during the years 1972 through 1981. We analyzed the outcornes of offsprings from both untreated and treated syphilitic mothers and the clinical manife- stations of early congenital syphilis. The results obtained were as follows: Of 30 offsprings from 30 untreated syphilitic mothers with VDRL titer below 1: 4, six(20%) had congenital syphilis, one(3%) was a stillbirth, and twenty-three were normal infants. Of 84 offsprings from 84 untreated syphilitic mothers with VDRL titer above 1: 8, fifty-six(67g) had congenital syphilis, ten(12g,) were neonatal deaths, and eighteen(21%) were stillbirths, Normal infants were not observed. The mean weight ratio of placenta to fetus was 0 29 in g8 offsprings from syphilitic mothers. The ratios were as follows: 0. 25 in 14 living infants with con- genital syphilis, 0. 27 in 5 neonatal deaths, and (), 33 in 19 stillbirths respectively. 3, Of 19 pregnant women with treated syphilis, the qualitative tests of VDRL were all reactive except for one case and the quantitatis e tests of VDRL were 1: 1 weakly reactive to 1: 4 reactive. FTA-ABS tests demonstrated reactive results in all cases. The qualitative tests of VDRL in the infeants of the treated mothers were 1: 1 weakly reactive to 1: 2 reactive and FTA-ABS tests were reactive in all cases.-countinue-
Female ; Fetus ; Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test ; Humans ; Infant ; Medical Records ; Mothers* ; Placenta ; Pregnant Women ; Retrospective Studies ; Stillbirth ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Congenital*

The anatomical variations of 112 hypophysis and diaphragma sellae in Korean adult cadavers and coronal CT were studied. 1) The hypophysis was classified 4 types based on superior view. 2) The superior surface of the hypophysis was concave(65.9%) in cadavers and flat(55.3%) in CT. 3) The neural lobe was placed on the center of the posterior surface of the anterior lobe(72.3%). 4) The hypophysis was compressed by the internal carotid artery in 9.6%. 5) The mean A-P length, width and height of the hypophysis were 10.4mm, 14.2mm and 4.8mm in cadavers, respectively. The mean width and height in CT were 13.2mm and 5.0mm, respectively. 6) The width of the hypophysis was significantly different between man and woman. 7) The diaphragma sellae was concave or flat. 8) The diaphragmatic line was average 13.9mm in man and 14.6mm in woman. 9) The diaphragmatic foraman was circular or oval and the A-P diameter was greater than transverse one. 10) Type IIb that diaphragma sellae and hypophysis were concave according to Busch(1951) was 40.4%. 11) The empty sella was found in 14.4%.
Adult* ; Cadaver* ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Female ; Humans ; Pituitary Gland* ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior