BACKGROUNDS: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) insufflation during thoracoscopy may result in adverse hemodynamic consequences such as increase in central venous pressure, decrease in cardiac output and increase in arterial carbon dioxide pressure. But the cerebral effects of CO2 insufflation during thoracoscopy are not known yet. To evaluate the cerebral effect of CO2 insufflation during thoracoscopy, jugular bulb venous blood oxygen saturation and pressure were measured. METHODS: Nine patients were underwent thoracic surgery by thoracoscopy and one lung ventilation. After operation, CO2 was insufflated and hemodynamic parameters, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, jugular bulb pressure, arterial blood gases and jugular bulb venous blood gases were measured at intrathoracic pressure 5 mmHg, 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg respectively. RESULTS: Central venous pressure was increased with insufflation of CO2 of 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg. Jugular bulb pressure was increased with insufflationof of CO2 of 5mmHg, 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg. Arterial PCO2, jugular bulb venous PO2 and jugular bulb venous blood oxygen saturation were increased with insufflation of CO2 of 5 mmHg, 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg. CONCLUSION: CO2 insufflation pressure of 5 mmHg or greater resulted in significant increase in jugular bulb venous blood oxygen saturation and pressure.
Arterial Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cardiac Output ; Central Venous Pressure ; Gases ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Insufflation* ; Jugular Veins ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Oxygen* ; Thoracic Surgery ; Thoracoscopy*

No abstract available.
Aloe*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Hantavirus* ; Korea* ; Murinae*

Cirsoid aneurysm of the calp is a congenital arteriovenous malformation which is the result of abnormal connections betwe:.n the external carotid artery and scalp veins with a subsequent dilatation of vascular channels nd formation of aneurysm. We report a case of cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp on the left parieto-occipital area of 14-year-old female who had had 8 x 5 x 0.8 cm sized pulsating soft mass for 2 years. 4 vessel angiog raphy revealed a arteriovenous malformation that emerge mainly from a superficial temporal artery and occipital artery of the left external carotid artery and partially from the right superficial temporal artery and drined into the left scalp vein. The mass was removed by excision with ligation of the feeding arter es and followed up for 2 years without recurrence.
Adolescent ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Carotid Artery, External ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Ligation ; Recurrence ; Scalp* ; Temporal Arteries ; Veins

Photodynamic therapy(PDT) is a treatment modality by highly reactive oxygen intermediates generated through the interaction of light with a photosensiziter. It has been shown to be an effective treatment for various cutaneous and noncutaneous malignancies. It is efficient for the curative and palliative treatment of epithelial skin tumor in situ or early invasive lesions. In effect, it is a useful alternative treatment for the lesions located on anatomically difficult areas or the large-sized lesions. We treated a case of Bowen's disease arising on the plantar area and 3rd and 4th toewebs of left forefoot in a 61-year-old man with PDT using the hematoporphyrin derivative, porfirmer sodium(Photofrin, Russia) as a photosensitizer and gold vapor laser as a visible light source. The outcome showed partial clinical improvement after about 2 months' follow-up.
Bowen's Disease* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoporphyrin Derivative ; Humans ; Lasers, Gas ; Light ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; Palliative Care ; Photochemotherapy* ; Skin

No abstract available.
Humans

BACKGROUND: In geriatric patients, cardiovascular disease is common and a main cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Therefore preoperative evaluation of cardiac function is important. The purpose of this study is to evaluate preoperative echocardiography in geriatric patients for understanding aging heart changes and proper selection of patients. METHODS: In the 381 geriatric patients, authors evaluated chamber size, wall thickness, wall motion, valve abnormalities and ejection fraction. In addition, in patients who had left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < OR = 55%), authors evaluated past medical histories and electrocardiographic (ECG) findings. RESULTS: Left atrial enlargement was present in 16%, left ventricular enlargement in 3%, right ventricular enlargement in 6%, ascending aorta dilatation in 13% and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 28%. Aortic regurgitation (AR) was present in 44%, mitral regurgitation (MR) in 42%, aortic valve calcification in 21% and hypokinesia of the left ventricular wall in 4%. Left ventricular dysfunction was present in 18 patients and their past medical histories showed hypertension in 39%, myocardial ischemia in 33%, congestive heart failure in 28% and diabetus mellitus in 28%. Also their ECG findings showed LVH in 45%, atrial fibrillation in 30% and ventricular premature contraction in 15%. Among the 18 patients with left ventricular dysfunction, 16 patients (89%) had dyspnea or heart disease histories such as myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, premature ventricular contraction and atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: 16% of the patients showed a normal echocardiograpy. Abnormal findings of the echocardiography were, in order of frequency, AR (44%), MR (42%) and LVH (28%). Dyspnea or cardiac disease histories were present in 89% of the left ventricular dysfunction patients.
Aging ; Aorta ; Aortic Valve ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Dilatation ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypokinesia ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

No abstract available.
Animals ; Hantavirus* ; Korea* ; Murinae*

. Vitamin D is known to exert its action by activating DNA and RBA within target cells to produce proteins and enzymes that can be used in bone resorption process. Particularly, the active form of vitmain D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3], is considered to be one of the most potent stimulators of osteoclatic acitivity in vitro. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the avtivity of periodotal ligament cells and, the experimental tooth movement. Human periodontal ligament cells were collected from the first premolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment, and were incubated in the environment of 37degreesC, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. Microtitration{(MIT) assay was done at 10, 25, 50 and 100ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. 21 Sprague-Daft rats were divided into a control gmup(3), and experimental groups(18) where 100g of force from helical spring was applied across the maxillary incisors 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 was injected into periodontal ligament at the mesial or distal surface of maxillary incisors so that we can compare the control side and the experimental side. Expreimental groups were sac rifled at 12, 24, 36, 48, 72hours and 7 days after force application, respectively. And the obtained tissues were evaluated histologically. The observed results were as follows. 1. The activity of periodontal ligament cells in l0ng/ml or 25ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D31,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 was not significantly different to the control at the cultivation of 1, 2 and 3 days. 2. The activity of periodontal ligament cells was significantly increased at 3 days in 50 ng/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 2, 3 days in 100g/ml of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. 3. Up to 7 days after force application, there was no difference in osteoblastic activity, tearing of periodontal ligament and proliferation of capillary at tension side between 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 injection side and the control side. 4. The osteoclastic activity and the resorption of alveolar bone was greater in 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 injection side than the control side at 36 hours after force application.
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Bone Resorption ; Calcitriol* ; Capillaries ; DNA ; Humans ; Humidity ; Incisor ; Ligaments ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Rats* ; Tooth Movement* ; Tooth* ; Vitamin D

PURPOSE: To assess the changes of corneal aberration in the front and rear surface measured by Pentacam(R) following cataract surgery. METHODS: Thirty-two eyes of 30 consecutive patients that underwent phacoemulsification and IOL insertion via 3 mm superotemporal corneoscleral incision were examined. The corneal aberration was measured with Pentacam(R) (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) at 1 week and 1 month after the surgery, and these postoperative values were compared with values taken before the operation. The data were analyzed from 6 mm pupil size, using Zernike's polynomial expansion. RESULTS: In anterior corneal aberration, Z (4, -2); secondary astigmatism at 1 week postoperatively and Z (3, -3); the trefoil at 1 month postoperatively changed significantly (p<0.05). By contrast, in posterior corneal aberration, Z (2, -2), Z (2, 0), Z (2, 2), Z (3, 1), Z (4, -4), and Z (4, -2) changed significantly (p<0.05). However, there were no significant changes at 1 month postoperatively (Paired t-test). CONCLUSIONS: There were significant changes in posterior corneal aberration compared to anterior corneal aberration at 1 week postoperatively. However, the corneal aberration recovered to the preoperative level at one month after the operation. Presumably, these results might be due to the corneal edema of the incision site, caused by measuring the corneal thickness in the early phase of surgery.
Astigmatism ; Cataract ; Corneal Edema ; Eye ; Humans ; Lotus ; Phacoemulsification ; Pupil