No abstract available.
Hip* ; Natural History* ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to analyze the position, pattern of impacted mesiodens, and their relationship to the adjacent teeth using Dental cone-beam CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two dental cone-beam CT images with 81 impacted mesiodenses were selected from about 2,298 cone-beam CT images at Chonnam National University Dental Hospital from June 2006 to March 2009. The position, pattern, shape of impacted mesiodenses and their complications were analyzed in cone-beam CT including 3D images. RESULTS: The sex ratio (M : F) was 2.9 : 1. Most of the mesiodenses (87.7%) were located at palatal side to the incisors. 79% of the mesiodenses were conical in shape. 60.5% of the mesiodenses were inverted, 21% normal erupting direction, and 18.5% transverse direction. The complications due to the presence of mesiodenses were none in 43.5%, diastema in 19.4%, tooth displacement in 17.7%, delayed eruption or impaction in 12.9%, tooth rotation in 4.8%, and dentigerous cyst in 1.7%. CONCLUSION: Dental cone-beam CT images with 3D provided 3-dimensional perception of mesiodens to the neighboring teeth. This results would be helpful for management of the impacted mesiodens.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dentigerous Cyst ; Diastema ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Incisor ; Sex Ratio ; Tooth ; Tooth, Supernumerary

No abstract available.
Dexmedetomidine* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular*

No abstract available.
Dexmedetomidine* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular*

In this study, the effects of verapamil on growth rate, apoptosis, production of transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) and fibronectin were evaluated in keloid and normal human dermal fibroblasts. Both fibroblasts were primarily cultured from earlobe keloids of three female patients and treated with various concentrations of verapamil. Cell toxicity was assessed by MTT assay, growth rate and apoptosis by FACS, and the production of TGF-beta and fibronectin by ELISA and Western blot, respectively. In the MTT50, the cell growth was more suppressed in keloid fibroblasts. In the MTT90, cell growth was more stimulated in normal fibroblasts. No significant effect appeared on TGF-beta expression but an increase in extracellular fibronectin secretion was found in keloid fibroblasts. Keloid fibroblasts responded to verapamil more sensitively, and the percentage of apoptosis was higher at the MTT50l. In brief, verapamil had growth-inhibitory effect with inducing apoptosis at the MTT50, but rather growth-stimulatory effect at the MTT90. The biphasic effect of verapamil depending on the dose might explain one of the reasons of relapse after keloid treatment with verapamil. Clinical application with high concentration (2.5mg/ml) is advised unless excessive dosage is used.
Apoptosis* ; Blotting, Western ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fibroblasts* ; Fibronectins ; Humans ; Keloid* ; Recurrence ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Verapamil*

PURPOSE: We compared pathogen recovery rates by obtaining two blood cultures instead of one blood culture containing 1ml and collecting a larger volume, 1 to 3ml. METHODS: Total of 750 blood specimens from 250 patients with fever, a temperature higher than 39degrees C and suspected bacteremia were obtained. Each patient had two samples of blood, A (1ml) and B (4ml), obtained at 30-minute interval from separate sites of extremities and B was divided into B1 (1ml) and B2 (3ml). Each sample was inoculated into aerobic culture media. Patients were excluded if two samples of blood were not obtained or if the isolate represented a contaminant. RESULTS: A pathogen was isolated in 19 (7.6%) of 250 patients and 37 (4.9%) of 750 specimens. In 7 patients, the pathogen was isolated with all the culture methods and in 12 patients, one or more of the cultures yielded no growth. The pathogen recovery rates were 53% (10/19) in A and B1, 89% (17/19) in B2 and 68% (13/19) in A+B1. No difference was detected between A or B1 and A+B1 (P>0.05) and the pathogen recovery rate for B2 was significantly greater than that for A or B1 (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in pathogen recovery when B2 was compared with A+B1. CONCLUSION: Increasing volume of blood from 1 to 3ml inoculated into blood culture bottles improves detection of bacteremia in pediatric patients and spares patients the cost and pain of an additional venipuncture.
Bacteremia* ; Child* ; Culture Media ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Phlebotomy

PURPOSE: We compared pathogen recovery rates by obtaining two blood cultures instead of one blood culture containing 1ml and collecting a larger volume, 1 to 3ml. METHODS: Total of 750 blood specimens from 250 patients with fever, a temperature higher than 39degrees C and suspected bacteremia were obtained. Each patient had two samples of blood, A (1ml) and B (4ml), obtained at 30-minute interval from separate sites of extremities and B was divided into B1 (1ml) and B2 (3ml). Each sample was inoculated into aerobic culture media. Patients were excluded if two samples of blood were not obtained or if the isolate represented a contaminant. RESULTS: A pathogen was isolated in 19 (7.6%) of 250 patients and 37 (4.9%) of 750 specimens. In 7 patients, the pathogen was isolated with all the culture methods and in 12 patients, one or more of the cultures yielded no growth. The pathogen recovery rates were 53% (10/19) in A and B1, 89% (17/19) in B2 and 68% (13/19) in A+B1. No difference was detected between A or B1 and A+B1 (P>0.05) and the pathogen recovery rate for B2 was significantly greater than that for A or B1 (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in pathogen recovery when B2 was compared with A+B1. CONCLUSION: Increasing volume of blood from 1 to 3ml inoculated into blood culture bottles improves detection of bacteremia in pediatric patients and spares patients the cost and pain of an additional venipuncture.
Bacteremia* ; Child* ; Culture Media ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Phlebotomy

PURPOSE: A retrospective study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that febrile neonates, who have bacterial infections, can be accurately predicted early by diagnostic criteria. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 152 infants, 28 days or less of age, whose rectal temperature was at least 38degrees C. Past history, family history, finding on physical examinations and results of CBC, urinalysis, lumbar puncture, CRP, and cultures of blood, urine and CSF were recorded. The diagnostic criteria for bacterial infection were : presence of identifiable fever focus(skin, soft tissue, bone, joint, eyes, ears), presence of maternal risk factors(malnutrition, fever, infection, premature rupture of membrane) & neonatal risk factors(prematurity, SGA), unhealthy condition at physical examinations, neutrophil index(immature neutrophil count/total neutrophil count ratio)> OR =0.15 and CRP> OR =2.0mg/dL, urinalysis-> OR =5 WBC/high-power field, absence of upper respiratory tract illness in parent and contact people. Febrile neonates who meet any of the diagnostic criteria were considered as high risk for bacterial infection. RESULTS: The overall incidence of bacterial infections in the 152 febrile neonates was 13.8%(21 neonates) with urinary tract infections in 8 neonates, bacteremia in 8 neonates and meningitis in 5 neonates. Only 1 neonate, who was classified as low risk for bacterial infection, was identified with a bacterial urinary tract infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the diagnostic criteria were 95.2, 92.4, 66.7 and 99.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data show the ability of diagnostic criteria to identify neonates with bacterial infection. Febrile neonates who meet the diagnostic criteria must be treated intensively and those who do not meet the diagnostic criteria can be carefully managed as inpatients or outpatients without administering antimicrobial agents, avoiding iatrogenic complications.
Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteremia ; Bacterial Infections* ; Bone and Bones ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Inpatients ; Joints ; Meningitis ; Neutrophils ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Physical Examination ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spinal Puncture ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Tract Infections

PURPOSE: A retrospective study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that febrile neonates, who have bacterial infections, can be accurately predicted early by diagnostic criteria. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 152 infants, 28 days or less of age, whose rectal temperature was at least 38degrees C. Past history, family history, finding on physical examinations and results of CBC, urinalysis, lumbar puncture, CRP, and cultures of blood, urine and CSF were recorded. The diagnostic criteria for bacterial infection were : presence of identifiable fever focus(skin, soft tissue, bone, joint, eyes, ears), presence of maternal risk factors(malnutrition, fever, infection, premature rupture of membrane) & neonatal risk factors(prematurity, SGA), unhealthy condition at physical examinations, neutrophil index(immature neutrophil count/total neutrophil count ratio)> OR =0.15 and CRP> OR =2.0mg/dL, urinalysis-> OR =5 WBC/high-power field, absence of upper respiratory tract illness in parent and contact people. Febrile neonates who meet any of the diagnostic criteria were considered as high risk for bacterial infection. RESULTS: The overall incidence of bacterial infections in the 152 febrile neonates was 13.8%(21 neonates) with urinary tract infections in 8 neonates, bacteremia in 8 neonates and meningitis in 5 neonates. Only 1 neonate, who was classified as low risk for bacterial infection, was identified with a bacterial urinary tract infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the diagnostic criteria were 95.2, 92.4, 66.7 and 99.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data show the ability of diagnostic criteria to identify neonates with bacterial infection. Febrile neonates who meet the diagnostic criteria must be treated intensively and those who do not meet the diagnostic criteria can be carefully managed as inpatients or outpatients without administering antimicrobial agents, avoiding iatrogenic complications.
Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteremia ; Bacterial Infections* ; Bone and Bones ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Inpatients ; Joints ; Meningitis ; Neutrophils ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Physical Examination ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spinal Puncture ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: Dizziness due to brain lesions manifests mainly in infratentorial lesions, with few cases related to supratentorial lesions having been reported. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics and demographic factors of patients with dizziness caused by cerebral infarction and to determine the site of the brain where supratentorial lesions are most prevalent. METHODS: Patients with prominent dizziness who visited the emergency room of Gachon University Gil Hospital between July 2006 and July 2007 were included. Among them, 101 patients with acute cerebral infarction were categorized into supratentorial (n=51) and infratentorial (n=50) groups based on brain MRI. Demographics and clinical characteristics of dizziness in each group were compared, and common brain sites of the supratentorial group were assessed. RESULTS: The nature of the dizziness differed between the supratentorial group (vertigo, 27.4%; presyncope, 5.9%; disequilibrium, 29.4%; ocular, 11.8%; and nonspecific, 25.5%) and the infratentorial group (vertigo, 50.0%; presyncope, 6.0%; disequilibrium, 32.0%; ocular, 0%; and nonspecific, 12.0%; p=0.02). The duration of dizziness was shorter in the supratentorial than the infratentorial group (p<0.01). In the supratentorial group, common sites of the lesion were the thalamus (19.6%) and frontoparietal lobe (15.7%). The lesion usually appeared in the left hemisphere (60.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Dizziness from supratentorial lesions manifests in different ways, and its duration is shorter than that from infratentorial lesions. The central vestibular pathway may be located in the thalamus and frontoparietal lobe.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Demography ; Dizziness ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Infarction ; Syncope ; Thalamus