Central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disorder with potentially blinding complications. Author evaluated the 21 cases of central vein occlusion in aspects of age, laterality, change of visual acuity, axial length, associated diseases and complications. The results were as follows; 1. The patients were comprised of 8 males and 13 females and the average age was 49.2 +/- 12.5 years. 2. The left eye was affected more than the right eye. 3. The initial visual acuity was below 0.1 in 76.2%. 4. The mean axial length of the aftected eyes(23.03 +/- 0.69mm) was shorter than that of their control group(23.53 +/- 0.69mm) (P=0.01). 5. The most common associated disease was hypertension (33.3%) and the next was diabetes mellitus (9.5%) and arteriosclerosis (9.5%). 6. The most common complication was cystoid macular edema (42.9%). Retinal and disc neovascularization was occmed in 19.4%.
Female ; Male ; Humans

No abstract available.
Addison Disease*

We studied the usefulness of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as well as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) as marker of prostatic cancer in twelve cases of advanced prostatic cancer including 4 or stage C and 8 of stage D, 50 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 50 cases of nonprostatic diseases as normal control. The positive rates of PSA were 100% for prostatic cancer, 20% for BPH and O% for nonprostatic diseases, and those of PAP were 75% for prostate cancer, 8% for BPH and 2% for nonprostatic diseases. These results indicated hat PSA is more sensitive than PAP but less specific than PAP in diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Serum PSP level was correlated with the weight of prostate in BPH patients. Serum PSA level determined during the follow-up after endocrine therapy for prostatic cancer reflected the clinical course of the patients. Because of its relatively low specificity, PSA alone may not be useful for early diagnosis of prostatic cancer. If in combination with other diagnostic modalities, it may be useful in early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of prostatic cancer within restricted limits.
Acid Phosphatase ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Neonatal lupus erytematosus is a distinct subset of lupus erythematosus. It is characterized by cutaneous findings exhibiting the morphology of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, congenital heart block, and anti-Ro/SSA and/or anti-La/SSB autoantibodies which result from the transplacental passage of maternal autoantibodies. We report a case of a 12-week-old female infant who presented with characteristic clinical and histopathological features of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus but without evidence of congenital heart block. Initial serological studies reveled the presence of anti-La/SSB anti-bodies and antinuclear antibodies. 5 months later, follow-up serology was negative in accordance with a clinical remission.
Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Autoantibodies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Block ; Humans ; Infant ; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous

No abstract available.
Intellectual Disability ; Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome*

PURPOSE: We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of Doppler study by examining obstruction at the site of anastomosis in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous return(TAPVR). METHODS: Retrograde analysis of the postoperative echocardiography results was done in 14 patients with simple TAPVR, who were operated at Dong-A University Hospital from January 1993 to July 1998. The peak systolic velocities, peak diastolic velocities and flow patterns of the 14 patients were compared with those of 9 control cases. Among the 14 patients, 2 cases showed evidence of obstruction at the anastomosis site. RESULTS: Pulmonary venous flow patterns of normal infants were biphasic, varying with the cardiac cycle. The peak velocities during systole and diastole were 40 to 60cm/sec(mean 51+/-9cm/sec) and 45 to 78cm/sec(mean 59+/-9cm/sec), respectively. The flow patterns of patients without postoperative stenosis were also biphasic. The peak velocities during systole and diastole was 38 to 115cm/sec(mean 71+/-27cm/sec) and 55 to 140cm/sec(mean 111+/-28cm/sec), respectively. The diastole peak velocity was significantly higher than normal(P=0.0002). The flow patterns of patients with postoperative stenosis was continuous, non-phasic or increased peak velocity even though it was phasic. CONCLUSION: Postoperative Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of pulmonary venous return in patients with TAPVR is useful in examining obstruction at the site of anastomosis. But a study on the Doppler echocardiographic normal range of postoperative patients will be needed.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diastole ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Infant ; Reference Values ; Scimitar Syndrome* ; Systole

PURPOSE: We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of Doppler study by examining obstruction at the site of anastomosis in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous return(TAPVR). METHODS: Retrograde analysis of the postoperative echocardiography results was done in 14 patients with simple TAPVR, who were operated at Dong-A University Hospital from January 1993 to July 1998. The peak systolic velocities, peak diastolic velocities and flow patterns of the 14 patients were compared with those of 9 control cases. Among the 14 patients, 2 cases showed evidence of obstruction at the anastomosis site. RESULTS: Pulmonary venous flow patterns of normal infants were biphasic, varying with the cardiac cycle. The peak velocities during systole and diastole were 40 to 60cm/sec(mean 51+/-9cm/sec) and 45 to 78cm/sec(mean 59+/-9cm/sec), respectively. The flow patterns of patients without postoperative stenosis were also biphasic. The peak velocities during systole and diastole was 38 to 115cm/sec(mean 71+/-27cm/sec) and 55 to 140cm/sec(mean 111+/-28cm/sec), respectively. The diastole peak velocity was significantly higher than normal(P=0.0002). The flow patterns of patients with postoperative stenosis was continuous, non-phasic or increased peak velocity even though it was phasic. CONCLUSION: Postoperative Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of pulmonary venous return in patients with TAPVR is useful in examining obstruction at the site of anastomosis. But a study on the Doppler echocardiographic normal range of postoperative patients will be needed.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diastole ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Infant ; Reference Values ; Scimitar Syndrome* ; Systole

PURPOSE: We performed this study to evaluate the changes of total leukocytes and leukocyte types in CSF and peripheral blood (PB) in the early course of aseptic meningitis. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-nine children with aseptic meningitis, who were admitted to the Pediatric Department of Dong-A University Hospital during the period from June 1996 to October 1997 were included. Patients were divided into 4 groups by 12-hour intervals according to the time between the onset of illness and initial diagnostic lumbar puncture. We analyzed clinical pictures, total leukocytes and leukocyte types in CSF and peripheral blood (PB) in each group. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference in average total leukocyte counts in CSF between each group, and all groups were considered to be acute stage of illness. 2) The PMNL proportion of CSF leukocytes was 57.0+/-31.6% in group I, 44.1+/-32.3% in group II, 39.4+/-33.1% in group III and 26.9+/-27.9% in group IV. The PMNL percentage was significantly higher in group I than group III and IV and the proportion of patients with a predominance of PMNL was higher in group I than group III and IV (p<0.05) 3) The proportion of neutrophils in PB was highest in group I (76.5+/-15.7%) and significantly higher in group I and II than group III and IV (p<0.05). 4) Significant correlations were found between the proportion of PMNL in CSF and PB of patients (r=0.62, p<0.001) CONCLUSION: The change from a predominance of PMNL to a predominance of mononucler leukocytes was occurred 12-24 hours after onset, and there was a strong correlation between the proportion of neutrophils in CSF and PB.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes* ; Meningitis, Aseptic* ; Neutrophils ; Spinal Puncture

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a destructive joint disease requiring early hip arthroplasty. The polyethylene-metal design using a 22-mm femoral head component, introduced by Charnley in 1950, has been widely used for over half a century. Since then, different materials with the capacity to minimize friction between bearing surfaces and various cement or cementless insert fixations have been developed. Although the outcome of second and third generation designs using better bearing materials and technologies has been favorable, less favorable results are seen with total hip arthroplasty in young patients with osteonecrosis. Selection of appropriate materials for hip arthroplasty is important for any potential revisions that might become inevitable due to the limited durability of a prosthetic hip joint. Alternative hip arthroplasties, which include hemiresurfacing arthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty, have not been found to have acceptable outcomes. Metal-on-metal resurfacing has recently been suggested as a feasible option for young patients with extra physical demands; however, concerns about complications such as hypersensitivity reaction or pseudotumor formation on metal bearings have emerged. To ensure successful long-term outcomes in hip arthroplasty, factors such as insert stabilization and surfaces with less friction are essential. Understanding these aspects in arthroplasty is important to selection of proper materials and to making appropriate decisions for patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Friction ; Head* ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Joint Diseases ; Osteonecrosis*

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and safety of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide given to treat diabetic macular edema that was unresponsive to a prior laser photocoagulation. METHODS: An intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide was given to 25 eyes with a clinically significant diabetic macular edema (CSME) that failed to respond to conventional treatment within an average of 7.56 months after laser photocoagulation. There were 13 females and 4 bilateral cases. The mean age was 60.4 +/- 6.9 years. The response to treatment was monitored functionally by a visual acuity assessment and anatomically by an OCT macular thickness at 1-, 2-, and 6-month intervals after the injection. RESULTS: After the intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide, 18 out of 25 eyes (72%), 20 out of 25 eyes (80%), and 13 out of 18 eyes (72%) showed improvement of the mean visual acuity at the 1-, 2-, and 6-month follow-up intervals. The central macular thickness as measured by the OCT decreased by 43%, 45%, and 20%, respectively, over these same intervals from an initial pretreatment mean of 498.7 +/- 131.6 micro meter. The postoperative complications were an intraocular pressure elevation (3 eyes), and cataract (3 eyes). However, there were no serious postoperative complications such as retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage and endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: An intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide may be useful for treating a diabetic macular edema that is resistant to conventional laser photocoagulation.
Cataract ; Endophthalmitis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections* ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Triamcinolone* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreous Hemorrhage