The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of distraction osteogenesis in membranous onlay bone graft on the mandible and to clarify the histology of bone repair during distraction osteogenesis in the membranous onlay bone in a dog model. Four dogs, 5 months of age at the beginning of the experiment, were used for this study. The zygomatic arch was exposed in the subperiosteal plane and the full-thickness zygomatic arch was harvested to 3 centimeters in length. The lateral surface of the mandibular body was exposed in the subperiosteal plane and the membranous onlay bone graft was performed with firm contact using screws. The osteotomy on the membranous onlay bone graft and underlying mandibular body was carried down week 1 in dog 1, week 2 in dog 2, week 3 in dog 3, and week 4 in dog 4 after membranous onlay bone graft. The external distraction device was applied to the mandibular body. Mandibular distraction was started 7 days after the operation at a rate of 1mm per day for a total of 10 mm distraction over 10 days. After completion of distraction, the distraction device was left in place for 6 weeks bony consolidation of the distracted area. Radiographs were carried out at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after distraction. New bone between the native underlying mandibular segments was generated in the distracted zone in all dogs. The new bone between the native underlying mandibular segments was generated in the distracted zone in all dogs. The new bone between segments of membranous onlay bone graft was not generated in dog 1, but it was generated in dogs 2, 3 and 4. However, in dog 2 and 3, the new bone between segments of the distracted membranous onlay bone graft presented less firmness with fibrous tissue than that of the native underlying mandibular segment. Histologically, the distracted gap between segments of the membranous onlay bone graft was composed of much fibrous tissue in the central zone while activated osteoblastic cells formed new bone in the margins of the distracted gap in dogs 2 and 3. In dog 4, there were abundant osteoblastic activities in the distracted gap and the new bone appeared as nearly-normal cortical bone. In conclusion, these findings suggested that membranous onlay bone graft had an osteogenic capacity and that distraction osteogenesis was possible in membranous onlay bone graft.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Inlays* ; Mandible ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Osteotomy ; Transplants* ; Zygoma

Reconstruction of soft tissue defect with exposure of the tendons and bone in the lower third of the leg and the heel represents a challenge to plastic surgeons. The sural artery flap is a fasciocutaneous flap supplied by the sural artery that accompanies the sural nerve and connects with a septocutaneous perforator of the peroneal artery via a suprafascial network of vessels. For the coverage of soft tissue defects, we operated on 10 patients using a distally-based sural artery flap. The sites of the soft tissue defect were the lower third of the leg in 7 cases and the heel in 3 cases. The size of flap varied from 3.5x4cm to 12x18cm. Nine of 10 flaps survived completely. One flap in which the sural nerve was preserved showed partial necrosis but healed spontaneously. Two flaps showed slightly venous congestion which disappeared after a few days. The advantages of the sural flap are a reliable blood supply, easy and quick elevation of the flap, preservation of the major artery and minimal donor site morbidity. The disadvantage of the flap is hypoesthesia at the lateral part of the foot. In conclusion, the distally-based sural artery flap can be used safely for soft tissues coverage in the lower third of the leg and the heel.
Arteries* ; Foot ; Heel ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Hypesthesia ; Leg ; Necrosis ; Sural Nerve ; Tendons ; Tissue Donors

Bone graft is an important procedure in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction and the success of reconstruction depends on the survival of the grafted bone. In this study, the survival of the membranous inlay bone graft on the mandibles of dogs was investigated with bone scan and histologic examination. The inlay bone graft, 1x2cm critical-sized bone, was completely separated from the lower border of the mandible of dogs and then refixed to the original site. Bone scan and histologic examination were done at 1,2,3 and 4 weeks postoperatively. The bone scan after 1 week showed radioisotope uptake on the margin of the grafted bone and the isotope count was 21% compared to the uptake of the normal bone. After 2 weeks, the radioisotope uptake in the grafted bone increased to 52% of normal bone uptake. After 3 and 4 weeks, the degree of isotope uptake was 111% and 124% respectively. Histological findings after 1 week showed the absence of osteoblastic activity and 6 viable blood vessels in one 200X magnified field, which was 25% compared to the vessels of the normal bone. After 2 weeks, osteoblastic activities were noted and the number of viable blood vessels totalled 15, which was 63% of the vessels of the normal bone. After 3 weeks, osteoblastic activities increased and the number of viable blood vessels totalled 21, which was 88% of the vessels of the normal bone. After 4 weeks, there were markedly increased osteoblastic activities with a total number of 23 vessels, which was 96% of the normal bone. In summary, the revascularization of the membranous inlay bone graft began from the first week after bone graft, and then it gradually increased. After 3 weeks, the revascularization had returned to a nearly normal value compared with the value of the near-by normal mandibular bone.
Animals ; Blood Vessels ; Dogs ; Inlays* ; Mandible* ; Osteoblasts ; Reference Values ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Captopril* ; Hypertension, Renovascular* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

The ESR is one of the oldest laboratory test still in use. Although it lacks specificity in diagnosis, it can be effective for monitoring disease activity and following-up. The Westergren method is used for reference method, however coefficient of variation has been described 0.8% to 22.9% according to the literature. Since the ESR was invented in 1921, measurement technique has developed and automated measurement is introduced. We analyzed one hundred forty-three patient samples using SEDIsystem' automated ESR measuring system and compared with modified Westergren and Wintrobe methods. Comparison between SEDIsystem' and modified Westergren for ESR measurement yields the following regression equation; y = 0.863x - 1.69 (r=0.830), SEDIsystem'M and Wintrobe y'= 1.14x - 14.7 (r=0.789), rcspectively. We repeated measurement to evaluate reliability, results are not significant in statistically. In conclusion, SEDIsysten' automated ESR measurement correlated with modified Westergren and Wintro" ; methods, reveal reliable results after 4 hours and can report rapidly for large samples. Thus, these results indicate that SEDIsystenT"' automated ESR measurement may be useful tool for clinical practice.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: Elecsys 2010 immunoassay system is based on the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay using a ruthenium (II) tris (bipyridyl) label. Since it was the first time to use the system in our laboratory, we would like to evaluate the analytical performances (precision, linearity and recovery rate) and correlation with radioimmunoassay (RIA) and microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) methods. METHODS: We used precicontrol tumor marker (TM1, TM2) for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Precicontrol universal (Ul, U2) for triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), Precicontrol-TSH for thyrotropin (TSH) and pooled serum for the evaluation of precision and recovery rate. Patients' sera were used for the linearity and comparison study. RESULTS: The coefficients of variatron of Imprecision study were below; 4.0%, 8.7% and 10.2%, respectively in the within-run, within-day and between-day analysis. The recovery rates were 100.5%, 96.1% and 102.5%, respectively in T4, TSH, and AFP. The linearity were y=1.02x-0.182(r=0.99) for T4, y=1.01x+0.12 (r=0.99) for TSH and y=1.01x+0.54(r=1.00) for AFP. T3, T4, TSH, CEA and PSA results showed good correlation with RIA (r>0.90), but AFP showed r=0.88. Also, AFP, CEA and PSA results showed excellent correlation with AxSYM (r>0.99). CONCLUSION: Elecsys 2010 immunoassay system showed excellent precision, recovery rate, clinically acceptable linearity and good correlation with the results obtained by RIA and MEIA methods.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Immunoassay* ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Radioimmunoassay ; Ruthenium ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine

It has been suspected that the cannula of the ultrasonic generator became heated during liposuction, and that the heated cannula might possibly damage the soft tissues such as vessels, nerves and muscles. To confirm these suspicions, the actual temperature of the cannula was measured after being switched on, and the influence of the heated cannula on the soft tissues of 30 rabbits was studied macroscopically and microscopically. When the cooling system of ultrasonic generator was not operated, the temperature of a cannula tip increased to 100degrees C in 10 seconds, and the temperature of a cannula shaft did not increase over 40 degrees C. When the cooling system of the ultrasonic generator was operated, the temperature of the cannula tip increased to 70 degrees C in 20 seconds and to 100 degrees C in 1 minute. The stronger ultrasonic power was, the higher the temperature of the cannula tip was. When the heated cannnula tip touched the muscles, vesseles and nerves directly, the arterial and venous walls were perforated in about 20 seconds and 10 seconds, respectively. Gross changes of the muscles, such as color change and depression of the contacted area, were seen in about 30 seconds, and histological changes occurred in about 3 seconds. When adding the Klein solution, an infiltration solution for increasing the destructive effects of the ultrasound, the onset time of tissue damage was significantly shortened in vessels and nerves, but there was no significant difference in muscles. Although there was no finding of damage by the ultrasonic wave itself on the vessels, nerves, and muscles during ultrasonic liposuction, this study confirmed that the heated cannula could damage vessels, nerves, and muscles. Thus we must try to avoid placing the cannula at certain areas for more than 10 seconds douring the ultrasonic liposuction.
Catheters* ; Depression ; Hot Temperature ; Lipectomy* ; Muscles* ; Rabbits ; Ultrasonics* ; Ultrasonography

A 62-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of a mass shadow on chest film. Chest PA showed 7×5cm lobulated homogenous mass in right upper medial area of lung. On chest computed tomography, there was a Barge irregularly lobulated mass with central necrotic low density area in apical segment of right upper lobe. Right upper lobectomy of the lung was performed. Partial adhesion to parietal pleura of posterior mediastinum and severe adhesion to right upper apicoposterior segment was found during the operation Microscopic and ultrastructural studies(including immunocytochemical stains) of the mass revealed malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
Coal* ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Humans ; Lung* ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Middle Aged ; Pleura ; Thorax

Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy(ADNFLE) is a recently identified partial epilepsy. This disorder is characterized by a variable age of onset(mostly in childhood), autosomal dominant inheritance, clusters of brief frontal nocturnal seizures, negative findings on neuroimaging, and fairly good prognosis. Carbamazepine is known to be the most useful drug in this type of epilepsy. We experienced a case of 5-year-old boy who had unusual arousal and irritability every night for 3 years and had sharp & wave discharges from frontal lobe region in long-term video-EEG monitoring, who was suspected as an autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. We report a case with a brief review of literatures.
Arousal ; Carbamazepine ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe* ; Frontal Lobe* ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroimaging ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; Wills

BACKGROUND: The use of autologous transfusion is gradually increasing since it eliminates transfusion-transmitted viral diseases, and avoids the risk of alloimmunization of red blood cells and posttransfusion graft-versus-host disease. The majority of premature neonates born at less than 1500 g need one or more red blood cell transfusion during the hospitalization and cord blood is considered as the most ideal blood for neonate autologous transfusion. In order to evaluate the adequacy of stored cord blood for autologous transfusion for neonates, the levels of plasma free hemoglobin, red blood cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) were measured at the time of collection, and then a week interval by 4 weeks. METHODS: The cord blood was collected in a single donor bag with CPDA-1 by aseptic technique from 28 newborns, stored for 28 days at 4degrees C, and changes in the levels of plasma free hemoglobin, red blood cell ATP and 2,3-DPG were measured at the time of collection, and then a week interval by 4 weeks for 26 cord bloods which were not presented with any bacterial growth during the storage. RESULTS: At the time of sampling, hemolysis was 0.11+/-0.16%, and intracellular ATP and 2,3-DPG were 3.74+/-0.99 mumol/g Hb and 11.67+/-1.21 mumol/g Hb, respectively. During the storage, hemolysis gradually increased to 0.61+/-1.09% on 28 days (p<0.05). ATP gradually decreased to 2.98+/-0.92 mumol/g Hb (80% of initial level) on 28 days(p<0.05). The levels of 2,3-DPG were 4.20+/-0.87 mumol/g Hb (about 35% of initial level) on 7 days(p<0.05) and 1.16+/-0.74 mumol/g Hb (less than 10% of initial level) on 28 days (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, ATP and 2,3-DPG levels of cord blood that are related to the viability of red blood cells during the storage were similar to those of adults. Thus the cord blood appeared to be an appropriate source for neonate autologous transfusion, however, more intensive studies on the effects of 2,3-DPG and metabolic products in vivo are necessary since physical conditions and physiology of the red blood cells in the neonates are different in many aspects from those of adults and children.
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate* ; Adenosine Triphosphate* ; Adenosine* ; Adult ; Child ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Fetal Blood* ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hemolysis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Physiology ; Plasma* ; Tissue Donors ; Virus Diseases