No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Female* ; Humans ; Urethra*

OBJECTIVE: To present the profiles of spinal cord tumors that can be removed through a unilateral hemilaminectomy and to demonstrate its usefulness for benign spinal cord tumors that significantly occupy the spinal canal. METHODS: From June 2004 to October 2010, 25 spinal cord tumors were approached with unilateral hemilaminectomy. We calculated the cross-sectional occupying ratio (CSOR) of tumor to spinal canal before and after the operations. RESULTS: The locations of the tumors were intradural extramedullary in 20 cases, extradural in 2, and intramedullary in 3. The levels of the tumors were lumbar in 12, thoracic 9, and cervical 4. In all cases, the tumor was removed grossly and totally without damaging spinal cord or roots. The mean height and width of the lesions we195re 17.64 mm (3-47.5) and 12.62 mm (4-32.7), respectively. The mean CSOR was 69.40% (range, 27.8-96.9%). Postoperative neurological status showed improvement in all patients except one whose neurologic deficit remained unchanged. Postoperative spinal stability was preserved during the follow-up period (mean, 21.5 months) in all cases. Tumor recurrence did not develop during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Unilateral hemilaminectomy combined with microsurgical technique provides sufficient space for the removal of diverse spinal cord tumors. The basic profiles of the spinal cord tumors which can be removed through the unilateral hemilaminectomy demonstrate its role for the surgery of the benign spinal cord tumors in various sizes.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Microsurgery ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Recurrence ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Enbucrilate*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of wear of periodontal curet's cutting edges made by three different manufacturers. In the first case of the experiment, this study was done with each new curett in the following three experiment. Twelve new double-ended No. 11/12 Gracy curettes from three different manufacturers (A, B and C) was randomly selected from our stock at first test. They were weared by wear tester with fixed pressure and limited distance. This study measured the width of worn curettes'cutting edge. The results were as follows; 1) In 50 times experiment, this study discoverd that each manufacturer's curette was appeared with different degree of wear (p<0.01) 2) In 100 times experiment, this study result similarly to the 50 times experiment(p<0.01). 3) In 150 times experiment, the result of this study were alike as the X50 experiment and X100 experiment. In the second case of the experiment, the study was done with a curett of a manufacturer in the following three experiment. Two double-ended No. 11/12 Gracy curette from three different manufactures (A, B and C) was randomly selected from our stock at second test. 1) In 50 times experiment, this study discovered that each manufacturer's curette was appeared with different degree of wear (p<0.05). 2) In 100 times experiment, the result was same, compared with the 50 times experiment. 3) In 150 times experiment, this study also discovered that the result was same with the result of the upper two cases. In conclusion, this study discovered that the two cases of experimental were shown with a same result.

OBJECTIVE: The intracranial pathologies after head trauma should be usually progressed. It is clearly visualized in the non-invasive brain CT. The invasive monitor such as intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring may be accompanied with the complications. This study aims whether the patients with severe head injury could be managed with serial CT scans. METHODS: The medical records of 113 patients with severe head injury in the prospectively enrolled trauma bank were retrospectively analyzed. After the emergency care, all the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit for the aggressive medical managements. Repeat brain CT scans were routinely taken at 6 hours and 48 hours after the trauma. ICP monitoring was restrictively applied for the uncertain intracranial pressure based on the CT. The surgical intervention and the mortality rate were analyzed. RESULTS: Immediate surgical intervention after the initial CT scan was done in 47 patients. Among the initially non-surgical patients, 59 patients were managed with the serial CT scans and 7 with the ICP monitoring. Surgical interventions underwent eventually for 10 patients in the initially non-surgical patients; 1 in the ICP monitoring and 9 in the serial CT. The mortality rate was 23.7% in the serial brain CT and 28.6% in the ICP monitoring. There was no statistical difference between two groups in the aspect of mortality (p=0.33). CONCLUSION: Serial CT scans in time could be a good way to monitor the intracranial progression in the severe head injury and reduce the implantation of an invasive ICP probe.
Brain* ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Emergency Medical Services ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pathology ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

As most infections by the helminth parasite elicit the recruitment of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T (T(reg)) cells, many scientists have suggested that these cells could be used for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammation and associated diseases. In order to investigate the distribution and alteration of activated T(reg) cells, we compared the expression levels of T(reg) cell activation markers in the ileum and gastrocnemius tissues 1, 2, and 4 weeks after infection. The number of T(reg) cells was monitored using GFP-coded Foxp3 transgenic mice. In mice at 1 week after Trichinella spiralis infection, the number of activated T(reg) cells was higher than in the control group. In mice at 2 weeks after infection, there was a significant increase in the number of cells expressing Foxp3 and CTLA-4 when compared to the control group and mice at 1 week after infection. At 4 weeks after infection, T. spiralis was easily identifiable in nurse cells in mouse muscles. In the intestine, the expression of Gzmb and Klrg1 decreased over time and that of Capg remained unchanged for the first and second week, then decreased in the 4th week. However, in the muscles, the expression of most chemokine genes was increased due to T. spiralis infection, in particular the expression levels of Gzmb, OX40, and CTLA-4 increased until week 4. In addition, increased gene expression of all chemokine receptors in muscle, CXCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR9, and CCR10, was observed up until the 4th week. In conclusion, various chemokine receptors showed increased expressions combined with recruitment of T(reg) cells in the muscle tissue.
Animals ; Gene Expression ; Helminths ; Ileum ; Inflammation ; Intestines ; Mice* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscles ; Parasites ; Receptors, Chemokine ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory* ; Trichinella spiralis ; Trichinella*

PURPOSE: To evaluate of the effect of bilateral medial rectus recession in the patients who showed large angle (>50 prism diopters, PD) infantile esotropia as comparing small angle (50 PD, 14 patients) and small angle group ( Esotropia* ; Humans ; Reoperation

PURPOSE: Unilateral breast reconstruction after mastectomy confront the challenges of recreating a natural appearing breast mound and achieving symmetricalness of the breasts. If the patient's remaining breast is large compared to reconstructed breast, the most common procedure is reduction mammoplasty of the large breast side. The authors experienced a new method of breast reconstruction using the excess breast tissue from the contralateral breast after breast reduction. METHODS: The excess tissue from the contralateral breast after vertical reduction mammoplasty with superior pedicle and remaining lower breast tissue were transferred to the mastectomy site breast through the subcutaneous tunnel on the chest wall. The main blood supplies of the flap are perforator branches of the 4th, 5th and 6th anterior intercostal artery. After elevating and detaching the flap on the lower lateral area of the breast, the turned over flap is fixed on the upper portion of the chest wall of the mastectomy site. RESULTS: On two cases of the breast reconstructions, remaining excess breast tissue from reduction mammoplasty was transferred to the contralateral breast side as pedicles. Both patient and operator were satisfied with the outcome of the reconstruction as the breasts were symmetrical and in natural shape. CONCLUSION: We have performed unilateral breast reconstruction using the excess breast tissue after reduction mammoplasty of the contralateral breast. As Oriental women's breasts are relatively smaller than those of Caucasian women, delayed breast reconstruction cases of Oriental women with large breasts(macromastia) seem to be ideal for this procedure.
Arteries ; Breast ; Equipment and Supplies ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Mastectomy ; Thoracic Wall

Osteochondroma is a rare condition in the spine that may be indolent due to its slow growth. The authors present a case of 32-year-old man with subclinical osteochondroma in the cervical spine presenting as Brown-Sequard syndrome after trivial neck trauma. After resection of the tumor through hemilaminectomy, his symptoms were improved with mild residual sequelae.
Adult ; Brown-Sequard Syndrome ; Humans ; Neck ; Osteochondroma ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spine

Osteochondroma is a rare condition in the spine that may be indolent due to its slow growth. The authors present a case of 32-year-old man with subclinical osteochondroma in the cervical spine presenting as Brown-Sequard syndrome after trivial neck trauma. After resection of the tumor through hemilaminectomy, his symptoms were improved with mild residual sequelae.
Adult ; Brown-Sequard Syndrome ; Humans ; Neck ; Osteochondroma ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spine