Eight species of Marssonina parasitic on 21 species of host plants from Korea are described and illustrated. They are Marssonina brunnea (Ellis & Everh.) Magnus, M. capsulicola (Rostr.) Magnus, M. celastri H.D. Shin & H.T. Lee, M. coronaria (Ellis & Davis) Davis, M. fragariae (Lib.) Kleb., M. juglandis (Lib.) Magnus, M. rosae (Lib.) Died. and M. sennenis (Gonz. Frag.) Vassiljevsky & Karak. Of these, M. capsulicola and M. coronaria sometimes poss three-celled conidia and M. sennenis is characterized by a short appendage at the basal end of the conidia. Morphological features of conidia and host ranges were of taxonomic values for species delimitation.
Fragaria ; Host Specificity ; Korea* ; Rosa ; Spores, Fungal

BACKGROUND: Various tools for the acute response system (ARS) predict and prevent acute deterioration in pediatric patients. However, detailed criteria have not been clarified. Thus we evaluated the effectiveness of bradycardia as a single parameter in pediatric ARS. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who had visited a tertiary care children's hospital from January 2012 to June 2013, in whom ARS was activated because of bradycardia. Patient's medical records were reviewed for clinical characteristics, cardiologic evaluations, and reversible causes that affect heart rate. RESULTS: Of 271 cases, 261 (96%) had ARS activation by bradycardia alone with favorable outcomes. Evaluations and interventions were performed in 165 (64.5%) and 13 cases (6.6%) respectively. All patients in whom ARS was activated owing to bradycardia and another criteria underwent evaluation, unlike those with bradycardia alone (100.0% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.016). Electrocardiograms were evaluated in 233 (86%) cases: arrhythmias were due to borderline QT prolongation and atrioventricular block (1st and 2nd-degree) in 25 cases (9.2%). Bradycardia-related causes were reversible in 202 patients (74.5%). Specific causes were different in departments at admission. Patients admitted to the hemato-oncology department required ARS activation during the night (69.3%, p = 0.03), those to the endocrinology department required ARS activation because of medication (72.4%, p < 0.001), and those to the gastroenterology department had low body mass indexes (32%, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Using bradycardia alone in pediatric ARS is not useful, because of its low specificity and poor predictive ability for deterioration. However, bradycardia can be applied to ARS concurrently with other parameters.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrioventricular Block ; Body Mass Index ; Bradycardia* ; Electrocardiography ; Endocrinology ; Gastroenterology ; Heart Arrest ; Heart Rate ; Hospital Rapid Response Team ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tertiary Healthcare

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the effect of nursing organizational culture on empowerment as perceived by new clinical nurses. METHODS: For the objective a sample of 175 new nurses from secondary/tertiary hospitals having not less than 250 beds located in B city was selected to complete a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficients and simultaneous multiple regression with the SPSS 14.0 software program. RESULTS: As for nursing organizational culture as perceived by the respondent, relation-oriented culture had the highest average score (3.60+/-.63) out of a possible 5 points followed by hierarch-oriented culture, innovation-oriented culture and task-oriented culture with 3.45+/-.30, 3.19+/-.53 and 3.05+/-.46, respectively. The respondents' level of perceived empowerment was 3.06+/-.41. The factors influencing empowerment according to nursing organizational culture were innovation-oriented and relation-oriented culture in that order. These 2 variables were statistically significant predictors and explained 48.6% of the variance in empowerment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that emphasis should be given to nursing organizational culture strengthened by innovationoriented and relation-oriented culture, rather than task-oriented and hierarch-oriented culture, in order to foster harmonious empowerment among nurses at all levels.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Organizational Culture ; Power (Psychology)

No abstract available.
Lip* ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

In 1983, Nora et. al. reperted 35 cases of bizarre parosteal osteochodromatous proliferations of the hands and feet. All lesions occured on proximal phalanges, metatarsals, or metacarpals. The gross appearance was typically that of a small osteochondroma. Radiologically, the proliferations lacked both central continuity of the tumor with the underlying osseus medulla and flaring of the adjacent cortices. Histologically, the lesion exhibited marked proliferative activity, irregular bohy cartilaginous interface, and enlarged, bizarre, and binucleate chondrocyte. The authors experienced a case of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation of the right foot in a 61 year-old female which arised from the proximal phalanges of second toe, hostologic and radiologic findings were consistent with the bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation. The mass was treated by excision, and neither recurrence, nor malignant change was observed up to one year follow-up period.
Chondrocytes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Metacarpal Bones ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteochondroma ; Recurrence ; Toes

Longitudinal growth acceleration of the femoral shaft after fracture in children has been recognized since the late nineteenth century, Orthopaedic surgeons have attempted to compensate for the leg length discrepancy by allowing union to occur with some degree of shortening, but logitudinal overgrowth following fractures of the tibial shaft in children has been rarely studied. Thirty-one children, treated for fracture of the shaft of tibia, were studied prospectively to assess the consequent increase in longitudinal growth of the tibia. The material presented in this paper is the result of the study of thirty-one children with fractured tibia who were treated in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University, since 1986 October, the age of the child varied from 3 years to 13 years, these cases have been followed from 30 months to 40 months. We have made a radiologic study of fracture of the tibial shaft with a view to analysing the results according to a number of factors, including the sex and the type, site and degree of overriding of fracture, and method of treatment, and then the degree of overgrowth was compared with unaffected side. 1. The average tibial overgrowth following tibial shaft fracture is 7mm. 2. Growth of the femur was not affected by the tibial fracture.
Acceleration ; Child ; Femur ; Heart ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Prospective Studies ; Surgeons ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with suspicious developmental delay in infants and early childhood. METHODS: Participants were 133 infants, aged from birth to 6 years old and their mothers, who were being seen at 16 Public health centers in B city. Korean Denver II was used to test infant development. chi2-test, Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression were used with SPSS 19.0 to analyze data. RESULTS: Of participant infants, 7.5% were below the 3rd percentile for the weight percentile, 8.4% is a weight curve that crosses more than 2 percentile lines on the growth charts after previous achievement, and 9.8% had suspicious developmental delay according to Korean Denver II. Further the predictive factors related to suspicious development delay in the children were decrease of weight percentile (Odds Ratio [OR]=6.69, Confidence Interval [CI])=1.22-36.45), low economic state (OR=6.26, CI=1.50-26.00), and developmental delay perceived by their mothers (OR=4.99, CI=1.24-20.06). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to build a government level system to follow management of development of infants and children from the time of birth. Especially, it is necessary to develop a program for children in low income families.
Achievement ; Aged ; Child ; Child Development ; Growth Charts ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Public Health

The steady increase in imaging studies has led to the incidental discovery of many renal masses. Although most incidental solid renal masses are asymptomatic and small in size, they are mostly malignant renal cancers necessitating accurate diagnosis. Small-sized masses are more likely to be benign tumors; therefore, access is needed according to size. Because most malignant tumors are renal cell carcinoma, and most benign tumors are angiomyolipoma and oncocytoma. Knowledge of common imaging findings of these tumors is helpful for diagnosis and management. However, imaging techniques are often insufficient to characterize solid renal masses which are discovered incidentally in radiological examinations, especially small-sized masses. Herein, we describe the imaging features characteristic of incidental solid renal masses and discuss their management in cases when an accurate diagnosis could or could not be made.