No abstract available.
Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant*

We have presented a case of juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the third ventricle with the features of the diencephalic syndrome. A 18 month old female child developed progressively lethargy, emaciation, pallor, tremor, right hemiparesis, nystagmus and marked hydrocephalus with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. CT scan showed large decreased density in the suprasellar area with extension to the left middle fossa and moderate right parasellar extension with irregular contrast enhancement, and dilatation of both lateral ventricles. The growth hormone increased very severely(80ng%). Biopsy was done through the left temporal lobe. Literatures were also reviewed.
Astrocytoma* ; Biopsy ; Child ; Dilatation ; Emaciation ; Female ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Intracranial Pressure ; Lateral Ventricles ; Lethargy ; Pallor ; Paresis ; Temporal Lobe ; Third Ventricle* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tremor

No abstract available.
Cloning, Molecular* ; DNA* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA* ; Urease*

Objectives: . Intratympanic dexamethasone injection (ITDI) has been introduced as a treatment option for subjective tinnitus. However, the effects of ITDI on patients with tinnitus remain unclear. In the present systematic review and metaanalysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of ITDI for tinnitus treatment. Methods: . We searched Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase. Four double-blind randomized controlled trials that tested the efficacy of ITDI compared with a placebo were deemed eligible for a quantitative meta-analysis, while four prospective studies and seven retrospective studies reporting the effectiveness of ITDI on tinnitus treatment were included in a qualitative synthesis. Results: . In the four studies included in the quantitative meta-analysis, ITDI did not show evidence of tinnitus improvement compared with placebo (odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–3.61). In the 11 studies included in the qualitative synthesis, seven retrospective studies without controls reported rates of tinnitus improvement after ITDI ranging from 35.9% to 91.3%. In the four prospective studies with controls, ITDI seemed to be effective when combined with other drugs for tinnitus treatment. Conclusion . ITDI alone did not show a significant effect for treating tinnitus compared with placebo. However, the potential of combination treatment of ITDI with other drugs for tinnitus therapy should be further studied in more systematic research.

Orbital meningioma is relatively rare. A case of intraorbital meningioma arising from optic nerve sheath is presented, which extended intracranially through the optic canal. Transfrontal intradural and extradural approach under the operating microscope is the best successful exposure for the orbital meningioma when there is suspected intracranial extension of the tumor.
Meningioma* ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit*

The medulloblastoma is a tumor of the cerebellum, particulary common in children. Most of them in childhood are situated in the midline vermis, but in adults are in the lateral lobes. The authors reported two cases of medulloblastoma which developed in the midline vermis although the patients were adult, and reviewed with concerned articles.
Adult* ; Cerebellum ; Child ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma*

A giant aneurysmal cerebral arteriovenous malformation in the left parieto-occipital region is described in a 4 year old child, including resolution of the alternating hemiparesis and left ventricular hypertrophy of the heart following successful removal of the malformation by microsurgical technique. This arteriovenous malformation has a large aneurysmal sac, 6x5x4cm, in size with several feeders from branches of the left middle and posterior cerebral arteries and drains directly into the straight sinus. So we have proposed to call it "a giant aneurysmal cerebral arteriovenous malformation".
Aneurysm* ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Paresis ; Posterior Cerebral Artery

We have recently experienced a rare case of extradural epidermoid cyst in the left middle cranial fossa associated with trigeminal neuralgia. A 22-year old female has intermittently developed lancinating pain in the left of face and dark reddish rhinorrhea for 5 years. Plain skull films showed an elevation of lesser wing of sphenoid bone and protrusion of left zygomatic arch with deepening of left middle cranial fossa. Carotid angiograms and brain scan with technetium 99m revealed a large cystic mass in left middle cranial fossa. A left temporal craniotomy was done and a large cystic mass filled with dark bluish colored fluid was removed at the left middle cranial fossa. Postoperatively the trigeminal neuralgia subsided completely. We have discussed the pathogensis and clinical symptoms with the review of the literatures.
Brain ; Cranial Fossa, Middle* ; Craniotomy ; Epidermal Cyst* ; Female ; Humans ; Skull ; Sphenoid Bone ; Technetium ; Trigeminal Neuralgia* ; Young Adult ; Zygoma

The occurrence of coincidental intracranial aneurysms with tumors of pituitary origin is very rare. Silent intracranial aneurysms located distant from the lesion to treated have little relevance to surgical management of most patients. However, aneurysms of the major arteries adjacent to pituitary and suprasellar mass are an additional hazard to surgical treatment. We experienced silent multiple aneurysms located just below the bifurcation of both internal carotid arteries associated with symptomatic pituitary adenoma(acromegaly). Transfrontal removal of the pituitary eosinophillic adenoma was carried out without treatment of the aneurysms. The angiographic data considered significant to the safety of the procedure. So the necessity of the cerebral angiography is stressed to show the precise relationships of vessels to masses in the pituitary region. Also the possible reasons for the occurrence of aneurysms in association with these tumors were discussed.
Adenoma ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Angiography ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Pituitary Neoplasms*

The subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis, also known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, is a benign, self-limited disorder of unknown cause. This rare disease is characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, leukopenia, and elevated sedimentation rate. This disease preferentially affects young women. The diagnosis of this disease is confirmed by involved lymphnodes biopsy. Evidence for autoimmune dysfunction has been reported, but is usually lacking. According to the review of the literatures, a total of 192 cases of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis were reported in Korea since 1983 mostly in literatures of pathology or internal medicine and only 7 cases in pediatrics. There was female predominance in a 141:51 ratio. However, among 25 cases of under 20 years of age, there was male predominance in a 16:9 ratio. The patients of under and over 20 years of age were 29 and 82, respectively among the age-known 111 cases of 192 reported. We experienced a 13-year-old boy, who had right cervical lymphadenitis with persisting high temperature and pain on lymph nodes for more than 10 days. An excisional cervical lymph node biopsy was performed and pathologic diagnosis was compatible with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis. Most antibiotics were not effective, but fever subsided with one day of oral prednisolone therapy. Various laboratory studies for prolonged fever were negative except leukopenia and increased sedimentation rates. The CD4/CD8 ratios in acute and recovery stages were 1.1 and 1.5 respectively, showing mild decrease of CD4/CD8 ratio in the acute stage. Decreased T cell proportions in the acute stage were also noted.
Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Korea ; Leukopenia ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphadenitis* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Male ; Pathology ; Pediatrics ; Prednisolone ; Rare Diseases