The ultimate goal of periodontal treatment is the regeneration of periodontal tissues which have been lost due to periodontal disease. Recently, many natural medicines have been studied for their potential of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects in periodontal tissues. Safflower seeds have been traditionally used as a drug for treatment of fracture and blood stasis in oriental medicine. The objective of the present study is to examine the biologic effects of safflower seeds extract on bone formation and regeneration of rat calvarial defects. The calvarial defects were made with 8mm trephine bur and extract of safflower seeds were placed directly at these defects. 24 rats were divided into control and experimental groups, and each group was sacrificed at 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. To study a histopathology related to bone regeneration, Goldner's Masson Trichrome stain and histomorphologic measuring was done at each weeks. In the early phase of bone healing, less inflammatory infiltration and capillary proliferation was found in experimental group compared to control. Dense bony tissues and matured bone structures in defect areas were found in experimental groups. And area of new bone formation was significantly increased at 8 weeks in experimental group. These results indicate that direct local application of safflower seeds extract reduces the early inflammatory response and promotes the regeneration of new bone in calvarial defects of rats.
Animals ; Bone Regeneration* ; Capillaries ; Carthamus tinctorius* ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Osteogenesis ; Periodontal Diseases ; Rats* ; Regeneration

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells respond to heat stress and other environmental abuses by synthesizing a small set of stress proteins and by inhibiting post-transcription synthesis of normal proteins. The purpose of the present study was to document the stress response produced by inflamed gingival tissue in vivo, and cytokine induced human periodontal ligament cells. Human PDL cells were exposed to TNF-alpha(1ng/ml), INF-gamma(200 U/ml), LPS(100ug/ml), combination of cytokine, and SDS-PAGE gels running and Western blotting analysis was done. In vivo studies, the healthy gingival tissusse of a control group and inflamed gingival tissue of adult periodontitis were studied by immunohistochemistry and histology. The results were as follows 1. HSP 47 was distributed on basal layer in healthy gingiva, but stronger stained in basal, suprabasal, and spinous layer of inflamed gingiva. 2. HSP 47 was rare on endothelial cells and mononuclear cells in healthy gingiva, but stronger expressed in inflamed gingira. 3. HSP 70 expression was rare on epihelium and inflammatory cells in both healthy & inflamed gingiva. 4. HSP 70 was actively expressed on endothelial cells and inflammatory cells of capillary lumen in moderately & mild inflamend gingiva. 5. PDL cells showed low level of HSP 47 protein expression which was significantly induced by cytokine stimulation(LSP only and combination). 6. Maximum HSP 70 protein induction was seen with stimulation by a combination of the cytokine, Combination of TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, LPS have been shown to synergistically effects of HSP 70 expression. On the above findings, HSP is influenced by cytokine and chronic inflammation in vivo, and may be involved in protection of tissue during periodontal inflammatiom.
Blotting, Western ; Capillaries ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Endothelial Cells ; Eukaryotic Cells ; Gels ; Gingiva ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; Periodontal Ligament ; Running ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Green discoloration of the urine after propofol administration is a rare clinical phenomenon. Although the exact incidence of propofol-induced green urine is not known, the reported incidence is thought to be less than 1%. In most reported cases of propofol-induced green urine, the clinical effects were benign and reversible. However, many clinicians are unfamiliar with this rare side effect of propofol. Here, we present the case of a patient who showed green urine following two-staged repair of a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm with propofol infusion. His urine had a normal yellowish color after the first operation, but appeared green immediately after the second surgery. Because propofol is a commonly used sedative agent, knowing that green urine can be attributed to propofol administration and that its clinical effect is mostly benign will help clinicians with patient management, as such knowledge will also reduce unnecessary concerns and laboratory tests.
Anesthesia, General* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Propofol*

PURPOSE: To describe clinical experiences of the use of Bird's Nest inferior vena cava(IVC) filter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 1991 and August 1997, IVC filter was percutaneously inserted in 51 patientswith pulmonary embolism(PE) and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Indications for the placement ofthis filter were contraindication to anticoagulation in 17 patients, prophylaxis of PE in 17, failedanticoagulation in 11, massive PE with residual floating thrombus in three and complications involvinganticoagulation in 3. In order to delineate the location of renal vein and extension of deep vein thrombosis intothe IVC, all patients under went inferior vena cavography before filter placement. Thirty filters were insertedthrough the right femoral vein, 19 through the right internal jugular vein and three through the left femoralvein. The patients involved were followed up for periods ranging from one week to six years (mean, 10 months). RESULTS: A Bird's Nest IVC filter was placed in the infrarenal IVC in 44 patients and in the suprarenal IVC in7. Certain complicatioins ensued. IVC penetration occurred in three patients(5.9%), and in seven(1.37%) the filterwire prolapsed. Except for transient pain, however, there were no serious IVC penetration-related complicationsand no evidence of recurrence of PE in the cases involving prolapse of the filter wire. During follow up,clinically suspected recurrent PE was noted in two patients(3.9%), but there was no evidence of newly developedocclusion of the IVC. CONCLUSION: In patients who under went follow up, Bird's Nest IVC filter effectivelyprevented the development and recurrence of PE, and there were no complications. To prevent of penetration of theIVC and prolapse of the filter, however, technical skill was needed.
Femoral Vein ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; Lower Extremity ; Prolapse ; Recurrence ; Renal Veins ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava Filters* ; Vena Cava, Inferior* ; Venous Thrombosis