No abstract available.
Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Myocardium*

No abstract available.
Adenosine* ; Dipyridamole* ; Dobutamine* ; Exercise Test*

No abstract available.
Dobutamine ; Echocardiography, Stress ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver

No abstract available.
Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis* ; Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography, Stress*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Doppler myocardial imaging (DMI) has been suggested as a method of quantifying inducible ischemia during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). Post-systolic motion (PSM) detected by DMI is related to peri-infarct ischemia during DSE. We hypothesized that PSM during DSE would predict recovery of dysfunctional myocardium after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with dysfunctional myocardium in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) territory were divided into two groups according to improvement of wall motion score index (WMSI) in the LAD territory at 6 months after successful PCI of the LAD. DMI was evaluated in the LAD territory during DSE. Fifteen patients showed improved WMSI (1.42+/-0.39) while the other 15 had unchanged WMSI (1.75+/-0.46) 1 month after PCI. Myocardial velocity was measured in the mid-septal, apico-septal, and basal anterior segments of the LAD artery territory. PSM was defined as a positive wave appearing after the curve of systolic ejection had reached the zero line. RESULTS: Although there was no difference between resting PSMs in both groups, PSM during DSE was significantly higher in the improved WMSI group than in the WMSI group where it was unchanged. CONCLUSION: PSM during DSE predicts recovery of dysfunctional myocardium after successful PCI.
Arteries ; Coronary Vessels ; Dobutamine ; Echocardiography, Stress ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Stunning ; Myocardium ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

BACKGROUND: The 3 minutes increment of dobutamine dose protocol is most commonly used method in dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). But the precise hemodynamic response to dobutamine dosage and its difference by extending stage duration have not been well elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Nineteen healthy voluntary subjects with a mean age of 23.9+/-4.7 years were included. All subjects underwent 3-minutes incremental and 5-minnutes incremental protocol of DSE at random order in a same day. Heart rate, blood pressure, stroke volume, fractional shortening, rate-pressure product and cardiac output were measured every 3 minutes in 3-min protocol of DSE. In 5-min protocol, same variables were measured at 3 minutes of each stage as well as at 5 minutes. RESULTS: 1) Heart rate did not increase until 10 microgram/kg/min dose and increased thereafter by increment of dobutamine dose. 2) Fractional shortening and stroke volume increased markedly from the 5 microgram/kg/min until 20 microgram/kg/min dose and showed slow increase or plateau at a higher dobutamine dose. 3) Systolic blood pressure, cardiac output and rate-pressure product increased continuously from initial dose to maximal dose. 4) Although by extending stage duration to 5 minute in 5-min protocol produced greater hemodynamic effects than those measured at 3 minutes of each stage, there were no significant difference in the results of 3-min and 5-min protocol of DSE. CONCLUSION: The increase of cardiac contractility most contributed to increase of cardiac output until 20microgram/kg/min dose and the increase of herat rate contributed dominantly thereafter, thus the hemodynamic variables showed different responses to increment of dobutamine dose. There were no significant difference in hemodynamic effects between the two protocols. So it is considered that 3-min protocol of DSE gives similar hemodynamic information as 5-min protocol and is more time-saving method.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Stroke Volume

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Humans ; Myocardium* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

> BACKGROUND: The accuracy of flow-related changes in aortic valve area (AVA) determined by the Gorlin formula or the continuity equation remains disputable. However, anatomic AVA can be determined by using by direct planimetry of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of changes in flow on AVA determined by TEE using direct planimetry. METHOD: Determination of AVA by TEE using direct planimetey was performed intraoperatively under three different hemodynamic conditions - pre-dobutamine (baseline) period, post-dobutamine period, post-CABG period - in 17 CABG patients and cardiac output (CO) with left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were also determined by TEE simutaneously. The changes in aortic flow were induced by dobutamine infusion. RESULTS: AVA at pre-dobumaine period, post-dobutamine period, and post-CABG period were 2.99+/-0.80 cm2, 3.01+/-0.79 cm2, and 3.01+/-0.80 cm2, respectively. Before dobutamin infusion, CO and EF were 2.01+/-0.64 L/min and 47+/-10%. After dobutamine infusion, CO and EF were 3.03+/-1.05 L/min, 54+/-9% respectively and significantly increased by 54%, 18% than those measured before dobutamine infusion (p<0.01, p<0.01), respectively. After CABG, CO and EF were 3.86+/-1.86 L/min and 58+/-11% and also significantly increased by 98%, 26% than those measured before dobutamine infusion (p<0.01, p<0.01), respectively. However, despite of these significant hemodynamic changes, there were no significant changes in AVA and no significant correlations between these hemodynamic and AVA changes, neither at post-dobutamine period nor post-CABG period. CONCLUSION: The acute changes in CO and EF do not result in significant alterations in the anatomic AVA determined by TEE using direct planimetry. Thus, TEE using direct planimetry could be accurate and useful in the determination of AVA in hemodynamically unstable patient.
Aortic Valve* ; Cardiac Output* ; Dobutamine ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Stroke Volume*

> BACKGROUND: The accuracy of flow-related changes in aortic valve area (AVA) determined by the Gorlin formula or the continuity equation remains disputable. However, anatomic AVA can be determined by using by direct planimetry of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of changes in flow on AVA determined by TEE using direct planimetry. METHOD: Determination of AVA by TEE using direct planimetey was performed intraoperatively under three different hemodynamic conditions - pre-dobutamine (baseline) period, post-dobutamine period, post-CABG period - in 17 CABG patients and cardiac output (CO) with left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were also determined by TEE simutaneously. The changes in aortic flow were induced by dobutamine infusion. RESULTS: AVA at pre-dobumaine period, post-dobutamine period, and post-CABG period were 2.99+/-0.80 cm2, 3.01+/-0.79 cm2, and 3.01+/-0.80 cm2, respectively. Before dobutamin infusion, CO and EF were 2.01+/-0.64 L/min and 47+/-10%. After dobutamine infusion, CO and EF were 3.03+/-1.05 L/min, 54+/-9% respectively and significantly increased by 54%, 18% than those measured before dobutamine infusion (p<0.01, p<0.01), respectively. After CABG, CO and EF were 3.86+/-1.86 L/min and 58+/-11% and also significantly increased by 98%, 26% than those measured before dobutamine infusion (p<0.01, p<0.01), respectively. However, despite of these significant hemodynamic changes, there were no significant changes in AVA and no significant correlations between these hemodynamic and AVA changes, neither at post-dobutamine period nor post-CABG period. CONCLUSION: The acute changes in CO and EF do not result in significant alterations in the anatomic AVA determined by TEE using direct planimetry. Thus, TEE using direct planimetry could be accurate and useful in the determination of AVA in hemodynamically unstable patient.
Aortic Valve* ; Cardiac Output* ; Dobutamine ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Stroke Volume*