No abstract available.
Cushing Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Mucormycosis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Spondylolisthesis*

No abstract available.
Hematoma* ; Orbit*

A 24-year-old female patient presented with a midline extra-axial posterior fossa lesion. We failed to suspect this lesion could be a giant thrombosed aneurysm of PICA(posteior inferior cerebellar artery) preoperatively, and didn't perform preoperative angiogram even after rather typical finding of thrombosed giant aneurysm on MRI. We suggest a giant thrombosed aneurysm should be included in the differantial diagnosis of any round extra-axial mass lesion in the skull base.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infratentorial Neoplasms* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pica ; Skull Base ; Young Adult

Between January 1990 and August 1992 sixteen patients with sellar tumors underwent 16 transsphenoidal approaches at Kang-Nam Sacred Heart Hospital. Pathological diagnosis include 14 pituitary adenomas, of which six belonged to microadenomas and the remaining eight cases were classified as macroadenomas. Other pathologies were one craniopharyngioma and one sphenoid mucocele. Thirteen patients underwent TSA as the primary procedures and the remaining three patients were subjected to TSA as the secondary procedures to the primary treanscranial approaches. Of the 13 primary TSAs excellent or good results were achieved in 11 patients and the remaining two patients were subjected to the secondary transcranial approaches to achieve good results. Six patients with microadenomas achieved gross total or subtotal removal of their tumors in all cases(100%) however, satisfactory removal was achieved only in six macroadenoma cases(75%). There was neither surgical mortality nor major morbidity. Transient diabetes insipidus complicated in 6 patients(37.5%) and CSF rhinorrhea complicated in three cases*18.8%), which needed spinal drainage for three to ten days. Meningitis was complicated in one patient with CSF rhinorrhea(6.2%). This preliminary study agrees with that TSA is a safe and effective procedure even in macroadenoma cases.
Craniopharyngioma ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Heart ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Mucocele ; Pathology ; Pituitary Neoplasms

Atotal of 26 patients diagnosed as diffuse axonal injury(DAI) between Nov. 1993 and Dec. 1995, were evaluated retrospectively with special attention given to MRI findings. In clinical aspects, there was male predominance(1.9:1) with the mean age of 28.5 years. The clinical grades based on the Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score were classified as mild(13-15), moderate(9-12) and severe(3-8). The duration of hospitalization and loss of consciousness(LOC) at admission were well correlated with the severity of clinical status. As regards the outcome of patients, twenty patients(77%) recovered as alert, but three patients(12%) died of sepsis. Short duration of LOC less than one day and young age of less than 10 years were good prognostic factors. The MRI findings of DAI were divided into three grades; in grade 1, there was small scattered lesions in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere, in grade 2, focal lesion in the corpus callosum, and in grade 3, there was an additional focal lesion in the brain stem. The final outcome of grade 3 was poor, but in grade 2, there was wide spectrum between initial clinical status from alertness to semicoma and relative good result.
Axons* ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrum ; Coma ; Corpus Callosum ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis

Pseudoaneurysm of splenic artery may arise from a vascular erosion by the inflammatory processes around the splenic artery, particularly in acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis, which may cause rupture of pseudoaneurysm and life threatening hemorrhage. Collective experience with this massive hemorrhage is attended by a high mortality rate even with prompt therapy, and conservative management is associated with an almost 100 per cent of mortality rate. Identification of the bleeding site at laparotomy may be exceedingly difficult, which makes the preoperative detection of bleeding source desirable. Peripancreatic vascular lesions can be identified by angiography, and in selected cases the risk of urgent operation to control massive hemorrhage may be obviated by embolization. The authors have recently experienced a case of ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm combined with a pancreatic pseudocyst in a 6 years old boy. A bolus enhanced CT scan and angiography were essential to confirm these complications of pancreatic pseudocyst. We managed this child successfully with an urgent procedure of transcatheter arterial embolization and another elective surgery of pancreatic pseudocyst.
Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Child* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Mortality ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Pancreatitis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Rupture ; Splenic Artery* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: To overcome the limitations of the single gene transfer, the authors present the results of wild-type p16 and p53 combined genes transfer in vitro to the U251MG and U373MG cell lines using cationic liposome as a vector. METHODS: To compare the therapeutic effect of the combined p16 and p53 genes transfer with the single p16 and p53 gene transfer, full length of wild-type human p16 and p53 gene, and combined p16-p53 genes were transferred in vitro to the U251MG and U373MG cell lines using cationic liposome as a vector. As the U251MG and U373MG cell lines are devoid of p16 and p53 genes, the therapeutic effect of the three groups of gene transfer could be evaluated by the growth suppression or percentage of the viable cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), flow cytometry, and electron microscopy(EM) were used for evaluation of the growth suppression or apoptosis of the tumor cells. RESULTS: p16 gene, p53 gene and the combined p16-p53 genes were effectively transferred to the cell lines using cationic liposome as a vector resulting in dramatic decrease of the viable tumor cells in comparison to the control group(p=0.004). The cytotoxic effect of the gene transfer in the U251MG cell line was the most significant in the combined p16-p53 group. However, in the U373MG cell line p53 single gene transfer group showed more significant effect than the combined gene transfer group. Apoptosis was confirmed by EM in the combined p16-p53 genes group. The G1 phase arrest effect, confirmed by the flow cytometry was more prevalent in the p16 gene transfer group than the other groups. CONCLUSION: Cationic liposome-mediated transfer of combined p16-p53 genes to the human glioblastoma cell lines is proven effective. However, the therapeutic effect of the combined p16-p53 genes transfer was not consistently superior to the single p16 or p53 gene transfer.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line* ; Flow Cytometry ; G1 Phase ; Genes, p16 ; Genes, p53* ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans* ; Liposomes ; Reverse Transcription