A prospective study on 339 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 2003 to 2004 showed that: males accounted for 73.16%, the disease was the most common among patients aged over 60 (87.32%). Clinical history: chronic bronchitis (51.03%), no previous pulmonary disease (22.12%), 100% of patients had been smoking previously. Clinical symptoms: cough + phlegm expectoration + dypsnea (100%), barrel shaped chest (63.72%), screeching sound + snoring sound + damp sound (61.94)... Clearance of lung obstruction: VC reduced by 65.89%; FVC reduced by 60.2%; PEF reduced by 52.53%, compared with theory frequency. FEV I: compared with theory frequency, 13.57% of the patients were still normal (85.6%) 86.43% of the patients greatly reduced (48.54%)... The disease was detected mainly in stage II (38.05%), stage III (30.68%), stage IV (17.7%), and stage I (13.57%)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Pulmonary Ventilation

The study included 64 patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease caused by chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma at early stage in Viet Tiep Hai Phong Hospital between 2002 and 2003. Results: Patients who are over 50 years of age accounted for 89.1%; male 87.5%; female 12.5%. Patients had disease duration more than 10 years were 84.2%. Commonest clinical symptoms were breath shortness in excise (100%), tachycardia (87.5%). Major laboratory findings: hyperleukocytosis (34.4%), increased sedimentation rate (37.5%), ECG right axis (40.6%), pulmonary P wave (100%), absence of right ventricular hypertrophy (100%). On Doppler ultrasonography: flat a wave (65.6%), pulmonary hypertension (65.6%)
Bronchitis, Chronic ; Asthma

Clinical examination on 87 patients with chronic bronchitis at Vinh Tien - Vinh Bao - Hai Phong in 2003. Results showed that common clinical symptoms are cough and expectorate (100%), breath shortness (88.51%), normal thoracic cavity (63.21%), rales (100%). VC and FVC reduced dramatically (65.52%), FEV1 reduced significantly (71.27%), PEF reduced remarkly (74.72%)
Bronchitis, Chronic ; Pulmonary Ventilation

The sudy of 92 acute leucemia patients at Viet Tiep Hospital from 1998 to 2000, suburb 57.6%, urban 42.4%, sex ratio is similar, farmers 46.74%. Clinical signs: pale skin and mucosa 98.91%, fever 86.96%, skin haemorrhage 52.17%, large liver 51.08%, bubo 47.83%.... Test signs: low erythrocyte 98.91%, low hemoglobin 98.91%, increase leucocyte 60.87%, low glomerule 87.76%, increase marrow cell 58.9%. The result of treatment: 88.04% cases were blood transfusion, merely prednison 43.4%, VAMP 22.83%, ARAC-DNA 14.13%, antibiotic 97.83%. The therapeutic time of 10 - 30 days are 56.53%
Diagnosis ; Therapeutics ; Leukemia

In order to prevent the use of antibiotics from the errors, it should test the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics for some causative strains of microbe. From which to determine the MIC 90 of antibiotics for antibiotic resistance or sensitivity strains. A study evaluated the sensitivity and resistance of 23 strains of S. Pneumoniae, 34 strains of staphylococcus, 15 strains of H. influenzae, and 24 strains of M. catarrhalis for penicilline and chloramphenicol which are two antibiotics had a high rate of resistance by microbials causing the respiratory tract infections. The MIC90 of these 2 antibiotics for the above strains was higher 2-8 times than MIC.
Drug Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Background: The intracranial hemorrhage (lCH) in infant due to vitamin K deficiency were been informed a lot at all over the world since the year of 80's. In Viet Nam, in recent years, this disease still most occurs which account for 110-130 children/100000 alive infant. The intracranial hemorrhage (lCH) in infant causes severe neurological, psychiatric sequelae. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the characteristics of epilepsy, changing of electroencephalogram and lesions of brain after intracranial hemorrhage in infant. Subjects and method:A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 97 infant patients with the age ranged from 8 days to 3 months years old whom treated in National Hospital for Peadiatric. Results: Epilepsy was common (45.3%), with generalized seizures in 24.7% , partial seizures in 20.6%. The main intracranial lesions were cerebral cyst and atrophy in right or left hemisphere or both sides. Electroencephalic activity was found impaired in most of patients: Disorder of background waves in 19.6 %, low localized waves in 31%, proxystic ativity with spike in 45.3% and decrease in electroencephalographic amplitude in cystic areas. Conclusion: The epilepsy, abnormal electroencephalographic activities, severe lesions of brain were common after intracranial hemorrhage in infant.
Intracranial Hemorrhages/ diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Infant

Dravet syndrome is a rare and catastrophic type of epilepsy in infants. Acute encephalopathy has been sporadically reported in patients with Dravet syndrome; however, the risk factors for this serious complication have not been identified. We report two patients with a clinical diagnosis of Dravet syndrome who experienced acute encephalopathy initiated by refractory status epilepticus. SCN1A mutational analysis revealed a previously reported nonsense mutation in one patient and a novel missense mutation in the other. Analysis of our cases and previously published cases revealed that patients with Dravet syndrome who have a more severe phenotype have an increased likelihood of developing acute encephalopathy compared with patients with less severe phenotypes.
Epilepsies, Myoclonic

Background: In the period 2006-2010, a investigation on medical arthropod has been conducted\r\n', u'Objective: 1) To determine species composition and distribution of medical arthropod. 2) To find species transmitted disease \r\n', u'Subject and method: The cross sectional, descriptive and analytic investigation was conducted in 3 communes along the Ho Chi Minh road in Cao Bang province. \r\n', u'Results and conclusion: : A total of 3.437 of samples of medical arthropod belonging to 96 species have been collected including: three species of flea (Siphonaptera), two species of tick (Ixodoidea), four species of chigges (Trombiculidae), ten species of mites (Gamasoidea), twenty four species of flies (Muscoidea), and fifty-three species of mosquito (Culicidae). They belong to 39 genuses, 17 families, 3 orders: (Siphonaptera, Acarina and Diptera); two classes (Insecta and Arachnida). \r\n', u'Some species having epidemiological role such as Aedes albopictus, Culex tritaeniorhyncus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. vishnui ... were predominant at all study sites. Anopheles minimus, the main malaria vector, was mainly collected in cattle- sheds in Truong Ha and Bach Dang communes. \r\n', u'
Medical arthropod ; investigation

Background: There are many methods used in epidemiological studies of tuberculosis (TB) bacteria but Spoligotyping method is widely used with high accuracy, simple procedure, and carried out on strains containing a little of IS6110 segment \r\n', u'Objectives: To improve Spoligotyping technique and apply this technique to classify Mycobacterium tuberculosis\r\n', u'Subjects and method: Subjects and methods: The study included 12 medical waste samples collected at Thai Binh Hospital of Tuberculosis and 19 samples obtained from the The Hanoi Institute for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases. Spoligo model of 31 samples were analyzed based on Spotclust and SpoIDB4 database and divided up into family and subfamily.\r\n', u'Results: Spoligotyping technique has good results with the PCR product amplified 40 cycles and presented the film in 18 hours. Obtained results in 31 medical waste samples belong to 4 families: Beijing, EAI, T1 and H3-LAM9. EAI and Beijing are dominant families with 45.16% and 38.7%), respectively. T1 and H3-LAM9 are 12.9% and 3.22%, respectively. The number of samples in the study is little but the obtained rate of different spoligo models of strains are quite diversified (41.9%)\r\n', u'Conclusion: This result is relatively appropriate with previous studies on the distribution of EAI and Beijing families in Vietnam and the world. Spligotyping technique distinguished samples belonging to Beijing or non-Beijing families, which support for clinical treatment and development of new vaccines.\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis

Background: Identifying the factors which affect the invasion and metastasis process takes a vital role in the treatment of cancer. This is the first study on the relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP \u2013 9), invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the significance of matrix metalloproteinase \u2013 9 in predicting the metastasis potential of NPC. Subject and Method: The expression of MMP \u2013 9 was studied by immunohistochemical analysis in 33 nasopharyngeal carcinoma sections and the associations of MMP-9 with lymph nodes metastasis and clinical features. Results: Positive immunostaining for MMP-9 was observed in 94.94% of the NPCs, 39.4% of the cases being extensively positive (+++). The expression of MMP-9 correlated significantly with cervical lymph nodes metastasis (p<0.05). 5/16 cases (31.25% of the cases) without cervical lymph nodes metastasis expressed MMP-9 with 2+ or 3+ level, non-significant of MMP-9 expression with T classification and clinical stage. Conclusions: The expression of MMP-9 often goes along with lymph nodes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
MMP-9 ; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma