No abstract available.
Spine*

Authors carried out experimental study on chemotherapy with oral administration of Dithiazanine iodide (D.I.) and Bithionol sulfoxide(B.S.) in rabbit clonorchiasis. And the following result was obtained. In change of the E.P.G (eggs per gram feces) by D.I. administration, it was rather increased in early stage of the administration than prior to administration, and thereafter decreased gradually. In the change of the C.S. worm body by D.I. administration, there was not only prominent change of supporting tissue but also the change of reproductive organ was found. In considering the wormicidal effect of D.I. from detecting rate of survival worms, the effect was slight in group of 100 mg(80 mg/kg) per day dosage, but the effects were very excellent and almost complete by proper times of administration in groups of 200 mg (130 mg/kg) per day or higher dosage. But the side effect and intoxication sign of D.I. were appearent in groups of 200 mg or higher dosage. By B.S. administration, E.P.G. was decreased gradually. In changes of the C.S. worm body by B.S. administration, prominent inhibitory chnnge was seen in egg formation ability. Slight wormicidal effect of B.S. was observed in groups of 140 mg (100 mg/kg) per day or higher dosage. Side effect and intoxication sign of B.S. were found little in groups of 140 mg or lesser dosage.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; clonorchiasis ; chemotherapy ; Dithiazanine iodide ; Bithionol sulfoxide ; rabbit

We present a case of acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) which was found during induction of general anesthesia for clipping of aneurysm. The patient had been intubated with endotracheal tube for 10 days and then done tracheotomy for 45 days. Thereafter, TEF was confirmed by MRI and treated with fistula repair and tracheal fenestration. Acquired TEF can occur under the condition of prolonged tracheal intubation with high cuff pressure (>30 mmHg) and can also result from intratracheal neoplasm, mediastinitis, and other tracheal or esophageal damages. If unrecognized during anesthetic induction, TEF can cause gastric dilatation and rupture, pulmonary aspiration and respiratory failure. So early diagnosis and proper management is very important whenever TEF is suspected during anesthetic induction.
Anesthesia, General ; Aneurysm ; Early Diagnosis ; Fistula ; Gastric Dilatation ; Humans ; Intubation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mediastinitis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Rupture ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula* ; Tracheotomy

The fractures of the both forearm bones are extremely common in children. Between the radius and ulna, there is normally through an arc of 180° rotation. To restore full rotation, rotational deformity and angulation after fracture must be corrected. The goal of treatment of the unstable forearm fracture is to increase the function of the forearm and hand as well as to get solid bone union. The general principle of treatment of forearm fracture in children is conservative due to remodeling and spontaneous correction ability. Thus, most fractures at any level need not and should not be treated by open reduction and internal fixation. But the operation will be perform frequently who shortly before maturity. We reviewed twenty-three children between 8-13 age, who had dsiplaced both forearm bones fracture, and who were treated with fixation using K-wire(14 cases) or plate(9 cases). Of the twenty-three fractures, sixteen were unsatisfactory reduction with more than 10° of angulation after initial closed reduction, two were loss of reduction in cast immobilization, and five were internally fixed primarily because of soft tissue interposition between fragment. The results were as follows. l. Operation time was 51.4 minutes in K-wire group and 86.7 minutes in plate group. 2. Bone union occured in all cases, at 7.3 weeks in K-wire fixation group and 8.9 weeks in plate fixation group. And immobilization period 7 weeks in K-wire fixation group and 4 weeks in plate fixation group. 3. Functional results were satisfactory all cases in both group. 4. The advantage of K-wire is a simple safe operation with minimal morbidity and small scar and compares with the extensive approach need for plate fixation which often giving a poor cosmetic result. Moreover, a second operation, with significant morbidity, is need to remove the plate after solid union. In Conclusion, this method is a favorable altenative to plate fixation of children forearm fractures. It allows rapid bone union with minimal morbidity, complication and scar.
Child ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Radius ; Ulna

With the advent of faster scan time and new computer program, a scanning technique called “dynamic computedtomography” has become possible. Dynamic CT consists of performing multiple rappid sequence scans after injectionof contrast material. The authors have evaluated the clinical usefulness of CT and dynamic CT of 93 patients withbrain infarction and/or ischemia during the period of 17 months from April 1983 to Aug. 1983 to Aug. 1984 inDepartment of Radiology, Chonbuk National University Hospital. The results were as follows; 1. The agedistribution ranged from 18 years to 78 years. Among them the most common age group was between 50 years and 59years(40.9%). 2. The sites of brain infarction were cerebral lobes(63 cases,68), basal ganglia(15 cases, 16.1%)and mlultiple sites(6 cases, 6.4%). The common affected site was middle cerebral artery territories. 3. Thecontrast enhancement of acute infarction was noted in 14 cases(17.5%) which occured commonly between 3 days and 2weeks from ictus. 4. The patterns of time-density curve in brain infarction and/or ischemia were as follow: a .Depression of slow wash-in phase was 20 cases(59%). b. Lower peak concentration was 17 cases(50%), c. Lower anddelayed peak concentration was 7 cases(21%), d. No definite peak concentration was 6 cases(18%). First threepatterns of time-density curve were thought as relatively characteristic curve of brain infarction and/orischemia. 5. Two cases that showed negative findings on precontrast CT scan appeared to be positive findings ashypodensity on postcontrast CT scan and were confirmed as brain infarction by dynamic CT. 6. The diagnostic entityof dynamic CT scan were as follows: a. large artery thrombotic infarction were 23 cases (58%). b. lacunarinfarction were 6 cases (15%). c. ischemia were 5 cases (13%), d. normal were 5 cases(13%), In six cases oflacunar infarction which was doubtful hypodensity on pre-and postcontrast CT scan had a marked difference in CT#(HU) on absolute scale graph of dynamic CT, so diagnosis of lacunar infarction could be made easily. 7. Theclinical values of dynamic CT consist in not only diagnosis of lacunar infarction but also evaluation ofeffectiveness of medical or surgical treatment.
Arteries ; Brain Infarction ; Brain ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Jeollabuk-do ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Megaureter is a relatively rare disease and its first description was done by Caulk in 1923. It is characterized by marked ureteral dilatation without obvious cause, and occurs in lower ureter especially. Authers report a case of primary obstructive megarureter with CT demonstration in 19 year-old female. To our knowledage,this is the first case report of primary obstructive megaureter in Korea.
Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Rare Diseases ; Ureter

The size of spinal canal is valuable ot detect the body encroachment of spinal canal and expansion due totumors by computed tomography. This study was desinged for taking accurate measurement of the normal thoracicspinal canal in korean adults. The anteroposterior diameter, interpediculate distance and cross-sectional area ofthoracic spinal canal were measured in 80 normal adults. The results were as follows. 1. In A-P diameter, middleparts of the canal were smaller values than those of upper and lower parts from T1 to T6, and upper parts of thecanal were larger than those of middle and lower parts from T7 to T10. 2. In interpediculate distance, middleparts of the canal revealed larger value than those of upper parts. 3. All measurements of male were larger thanthose of female at all levels of the spinal canals and 65 measurement(93%) were statistically significant.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Canal

Objective/BACKGROUND: Serum levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) may represent markers of disease severity in myasthenia gravis (MG). This study was performed to evaluate the correlations between disease severity and immunological parameters such as serum AChR-Ab, IL-2 and sIL-2R level and between each immunological parameters. METHODS: Serum levels of AChR-Ab, IL-2 and sIL-2R were measured in 30 MG patients and in 22 healthy controls. Results : Serum levels of AChR-Ab and sIL-2R were higher in MG than in healthy controls (p<0,01). The occurrence of IL-2 positive serum samples was 46.7% in MG but none in controls. There were no significant correlations between disease severity and immunological parameters and between each immunological parameters. Conclusions : Serum IL-2 and sIL-2R levels may not represent markers of disease severity in MG, In order to further document the correlation between each parameters, follow-up of individual patients with serial serum samplings may be necessary.
Humans ; Interleukin-2* ; Myasthenia Gravis

This is to report the results of 3-dimensional (3D) high dose re-irradiation (re-RT) for patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer. Between May 1995 and Dec. 2000, 21 patients with locally recurrent cancer of the nasopharynx received high dose 3D re-RT at Samsung Medical Center. The median 55 (45 - 70) Gy was applied by daily fractions of 2.5 Gy or 3.0 Gy. The median survival period, the rates of local control, overall survival and disease-free survival at 5 years, of all patients, were 21 months, 71.8%, 32.3%, and 21.2% respectively. The number of patients who experienced treatment failures at any site was 14 (67.0%) : eight patients (38.1%) experienced distant hematogenous metastases; five patients (23.8%) experienced recurrences within the current re-RT treatment volume; and seven patients (33.0%) had recurrences outside this volume. Five patients (23.8%) experienced severe late radiation-induced complications of RTOG grade IV or V, and these were brainstem necrosis (2), temporal lobe necrosis (1), mucosal necrosis (1), and massive epistaxis (1). For locally recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer patients, high dose 3D re-RT could lead to improved results when compared with the historic data by conventional re-RT techniques. Further treatment refinements, that would be necessary, may include optimization in patient selection, improvement in target localization and patient immobilization, and the addition of systemic agents, either as a radiation sensitizer or a radiation protector.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality/*radiotherapy/secondary ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Human ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality/*radiotherapy ; Radiation Dosage ; *Radiotherapy, Conformal ; Survival Analysis

Dural carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is characterized by arteriovenous communications between the meningeal branches of the internal or external carotid arteries and the cavernous sinus. Although the triad of chemosis, proptosis, and ocular bruit has been regarded as a classic sign of CCF, dural CCF often lacks these features. Dural CCF is a rare cause of ophthalmoplegia, and so it may be overlooked when the classic symptoms are absent. We report herein a case of bilateral dural CCF that presented as unilateral isolated abducens nerve palsy.
Abducens Nerve ; Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Carotid Artery, External ; Cavernous Sinus ; Caves ; Diplopia ; Exophthalmos ; Fistula ; Ophthalmoplegia