OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the placenta and umbilical cord of preeclamptic placenta with that of the normotensive placenta. METHOD: We compared placental endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in preeclamptic (n=5) with in normal (n=5) pregnancies. Frozen sections of umbilical cords, chorionic plate vessels, and terminal villi were immunostained with a monoclonal endothelial nitric oxide synthase antibody. RESULTS: The age revaled no difference between control (28.1+4.2 years). and study group (26.1+4.7 years). The gestational age was statistically different between control (38.9+1.7 weeks) and study group (34.9+3.5 weeks). The neonatal body weight and placental weight were also statistically different between control (3060+528 g) and study group (2160 417 g). No difference in endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunostaining in the endothelium of the umbilical vessels and stem villous vessels was found between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. In contrast, in the preeclamptic placental endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunostaining was seen in the terminal villous vessels. In the syncytiotrophoblast endothelial niric oxide synthase immunostaining appeared primary basal in location and diffuse in distribution in the preeclamptic placentas but primary apical in the normotensive placentas. CONCLUSION: Differences in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in terminal villous vessels and syncytiotrophblast may be a result of vascular alterations or damage that take place in the placenta in preeclampsia.
Body Weight ; Chorion ; Endothelium ; Frozen Sections ; Gestational Age ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Placenta ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy* ; Trophoblasts ; Umbilical Cord

Hughes-Stovin syndrome is an extremely rare entity. We present a case of a 42-year-old man, who developed deep vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis, repeated internal bleeding and pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs). The patient presented with massive hemoptysis and with PAAs of a 2.5 cm maximum diameter. We describe the successful percutaneous transhepatic venous embolization of the PAAs due to occluded common vascular pathways to the pulmonary artery.
Adult ; Aneurysm* ; Hemoptysis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Thrombosis ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior

We examined uncorrected visual acuity, surgically induced astigmatism and complications of 122 eyes underwent cataract surgery with implantation of the AMO Phacoflex SI-30NB. More than 80% of all cases showed uncorrected visual acuity better than 20/40. Temporal incision revealed less surgically induced astigmatism and faster rehabilitation than superior incision. Posterior capsular opacity was found in 14.8%, however Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy was performed in 2.5%. The incidences of contraction of capsular opening and displacement of intraocular lens were 4.9% and 4.1%, respectively. The range of displacement was within 1mm. Conclusively, cataract surgery with implantation of the AMO Phacoflex SI-30NB through clear corneal incision of 3.2mm revealed a low incidence of complication and provided patients rapid visual rehabilitation.
Astigmatism ; Cataract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Rehabilitation ; Silicones* ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: The analgesic properties of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been attributed to their effects on the peripheral synthesis of prostaglandins. Although the preoperative use of NSAIDs has been increasing because of concerns regarding the side effects of opioid analgesics but results of clinical preemptive analgesia studies remain inconclusive. So, we studied the efficacy of preemptive analgesic effects of tenoxicam, new NSAID, on postoperative continuous intravenous analgesia with morphine. METHODS: We studied 40 parturients, undergoing cesarean section, ASA class I or II, randomly divided into two groups. Tenoxicam group were injected tenoxicam 0.3 mg/kg and control group were injected normal saline 3 ml at ten min. before induction. For both groups morphine 0.1 mg/kg was administered as loading dose and 0.015 mg/kg/hr as maintenance dose. We examined verbal quantitative score (VQS) at postoperative 30 min, 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr. Maternal satisfaction, side effects, hepatic and renal function also evaluated after pain control. RESULTS: The values of VQS showed no significant differences between two groups 30 min, 1 and 6hr after start of morphine infusion, but there was significant decrease in tenoxicam group compared to control group 12, 24 and 48 hr after start of morphine infusion (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in maternal satisfaction between two groups and also there were no significant differences in the overall incidences of side effects between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative single injection of tenoxicam showed incomplete preemptive analgesic effects on postoperative pain control after cesarean section.
Analgesia* ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pregnancy ; Prostaglandins

Many patients complain of near vision difficulty after PRK surgery. In the prospective study, we report the effect of PRK surgery for myopia on accommodation and binocular vision. 45 myopic eyes (39 patients, 9 males, 30 females) underwent PRK for myopia. Mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation in moderate degree myopia (group 1 < OR = -6.00D in shperical equivalent : range -2.45 ~ -6.00D) was 7.01+/-1.25D, mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation in high degree myopia (group 2 > -6.00D in spherical equivalent : range -6.10 ~ -10.75D) was 6.85+/-1.41D. Mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation of group 1 was 8.13+/-1.38D, mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation of group 2 was 7.80+/-1.33D, the difference of both groups were statistically significant(p>0.05). Mean preoperative amplitude of accommodation of all patients was 6.91+/-1.35D, mean postoperative amplitude of accommodation was 7.93+/-1.36D, the difference are statistically significant (p>0.01). 12 of 39 patients complained of near vision difficulty while reading after PRK surgery on their one eye, but 3 of them who underwent PRK surgery on their the other eye noticed the disappearance of near vision difficulty. Stereopsis was tested and 15 of 36 patient lost more than 50 sec/arc of streoacuity. Near vision difficulty was not related to the amount of myopia corrected, not related to the stereoacuity change but seemed to related to their adaptability or their reaction time of accommodation with their operated eyes.
Depth Perception ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer* ; Male ; Myopia ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Prospective Studies ; Reaction Time ; Telescopes* ; Vision, Binocular*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Liver*

PURPOSE: This study was attempted to investigate the prevalence of the expression of c-fos protein, TGF-alpha and -beta, PCNA , DNA ploidy pattern and histopathological parameters of giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone and to correlate with prognosis and to extend our understanding on tumorigenesis of GCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty eight cases of paraffin-embedded tissue were studied, classified as recurrent (5 cases) and non-recurrent group (12cases) within the limits of the cases which afforded surgical material on first operation. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in cellularity of stromal cells, atypia of stromal and giant cells, presence of hemorrhage and necrosis between recurrent and non-recurrent group. However, presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields in recurrent group was significantly higher than non-recurrent group (p<0.05). The immunoreactivity for PCNA was seen only in nuclei of stromal cells, whereas nuclei of giant cells showed negative staining. The positivity of PCNA revealed no significant difference between non-recurrent (mean; 40.9%) and recurrent group (34.4%). The expression of c-fos oncogene was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group, and 8 cases (66.7%) in non-recurrent group, and no significant difference was seen. No significant difference of expression of TGF-alpha was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group and in 11 cases (91.7%) in non-recurrent group. The expression of TGF-beta in stromal cells was significantly higher in non-recurrent group (80%) compared to recurrent group (100%) (p<0.05). In DNA analysis out of 18 cases, 4 cases (22.2%) were aneuploidy and 14 cases (77.8%) were diploidy. Among 4 aneuploidy cases, 3 cases (75%) had no recurrence, and 1 case (25%) had metastasis to lung and expired. No significant difference of DNA ploidy pattern was seen between the recurrent and non-recurrent group. CONCLUSION: Presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields and less expression of TGF-beta are related to higher possibility of recurrence and it is suggested that the number of mitotic figure (more than 10/10HPF) and expression of TGF-beta could be helpful parameters in predicting recurrence of GCT.
Aneuploidy ; Carcinogenesis ; Diploidy ; DNA* ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Necrosis ; Negative Staining ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogenes ; Ploidies ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Recurrence ; Stromal Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors*

No abstract available.
Eye Diseases, Hereditary ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases

Malignant degeneration of mature cystic teratoma has been reported in 1~3% of cases, usually between the age of 30 and 70 years with a peak incidence of 40~60 years. The most common malignancy developing in such tumors is squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma. Hirakawa reported two patients with benign teratomas diagnosed 25 and 32 years prior to surgery for malignancy and Dorothea reported a patient who was diagnosed as benign teratoma 50 years prior to operate for carcinoma. But there has been no report of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the mature cystic teratoma with direct invasion to gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma with direct invasion to transverse colon and jejunum in 62-year-old female who was diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma 20 years ago.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Colon, Transverse* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jejunum* ; Middle Aged ; Teratoma*

PURPOSE: Posterior lamella keratoplasty has been described as a new procedure to treat corneal conditions involving endothelial dysfunction by selective transplantation of only the posterior corneal tissue composed of the endothelium, Descemet membrane, and posterior stroma. This study has been conducted to evaluate the recovery of endothelial function and adhesion mechanism of transplanted posterior corneal tissue to the donor stroma after posterior lamella keratoplasty. METHODS: Dog corneal endothelium and posterior stroma were transplanted to recipient dog cornea stripped of endothelium and posterior stroma. The recovery of endothelial function and corneal thickness were measured by specular microscopy; pachymetry and slit lamp examination were done immediately after posterior lamella keratoplasty and at 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks post-operative. Eight weeks after operation, enucleation was performed and the histopathologic changes in the transplanted area of enucleated eyes were examined by light microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Corneal thickness, endothelial function, and corneal transparency were recovered by the end of experiment. The newly produced collagen fibrils were absent at the corneal posterior flap and anterior stromal bed interface. The collagen fibrils adjacent to the flap interface were irregularly arranged and morphologically transformed in some cases (2 of 8 cases) and were linearly arranged in a parallel manner in others (6 of 8 cases). CONCLUSIONS: It can be suggested that the stability of transplanted posterior corneal flap is maintained by incomplete wound healing and recovery of corneal endothelial function.
Animals ; Collagen ; Cornea ; Corneal Transplantation* ; Descemet Membrane ; Dogs ; Endothelium ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants* ; Wound Healing