BACKGROUND: We investigated the demographic characteristics of stroke patients over 65 years old and wanted to see the effects of rehabilitation therapies by examining the changing status of patients before and after treatment by comparing with other patients under 65 years old. METHODS: We went through medical records arranged by making a comparative groups of older patients and other younger patients who both admitted within recent 4 years. Accompanied medical problems are categorized by ICD-10, the functional statuses are classified into FIM score at admission, and FIM efficiency at discharge. RESULTS: Between two groups, according to cause of a stroke, the existence of spouse, gender, there is statistical difference and, at admission, functional level of older patients was lower but it was not observed that extent of functional change of the result of rehabilitation therapy with distinction of age. Accompanied diseases were average 4.6 and is cardiovascular disease with the highest rates. CONCLUSION: Since the explosion of an aging population is regarded as serious national problem, people have been trying to find diversified treatments against geriatrics. And the data will be utilized as useful materials for better direction where rehabilitation treatment against a stroke should aim.
Aged ; Aging ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Explosions ; Geriatrics* ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Medical Records ; Rehabilitation* ; Spouses ; Stroke*

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignant disorder that can be associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), which is known as Lynch II syndrome. HNPCC is a polyposis of the colon which is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and can cause cancer in other organs, especially in the endometrium. The overall risk of a women with HNPCC to develop endometrial cancer is 40-60%, much higher than the 3% of the general population of women. The average age of developing endometrial cancer of a women with HNPCC is 45 years of age and is often found before development of colon cancer. We have recently experienced a case of de novo type of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer associated with endometrial cancer, hence we are reporting this case with a brief review of literatures.
Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Endometrium ; Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to identify the intake and following process for subjects at high risk of transition to schizophrenia and to examine the neurocognitive, social, and emotional functions of the subjects compared with healthy controls. METHODS: Symptomatic individuals judged at high risk for schizophrenia ('clinical high risk') within Youth Clinic were assessed and followed up. They performed a neurocognitive function test, a social function test and an affective function test. Twenty healthy controls were recruited in this study. RESULTS: Among eighty-two subjects contacted through the Youth clinic, sixteen subjects were judged as the clinical high risk group. Fourteen subjects among the clinical high risk group showed deficits in several domains of neurocognitive functions, such as visual recall memory, verbal short term memory and executive function. Social and affective functions are also impaired in the clinical high risk group compared with healthy controls. Two of 15 subjects (13%) developed a psychotic disorder within 6 months. CONCLUSION: This study illustrates the state of follow-up study for a clinical high risk group. Despite low numbers and short durations, some impairment of several functions in the clinical high risk group suggests possible predictors of psychosis.
Adolescent* ; Executive Function ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Memory ; Pilot Projects* ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: To explore a 3D conformal radiotherapy technique for a posterior fossa boost, and the potential advantages of a prone position for such radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A CT simulator and 3D conformal radiotherapy planning system was used for the posterior fossa boost treatment of a 13-year-old medulloblastoma patient. He was placed in the prone position and immobilized with an aquaplast mask and immobilization mold. CT scans were obtained of the brain from the top of the skull to the lower neck, with IV contrast enhancement. The target volume and normal structures were delineated on each slice, with treatment planning performed using non-coplanar conformal beams. RESULTS: The CT scans, and treatment in the prone position, were performed successfully. In the prone position, the definition of the target volume was made easier due to the well enhanced tentorium. In addition, the posterior fossa was located anteriorly, and with the greater choice of beam arrangements, more accurate treatment planning was possible as the primary beams were not obstructed by the treatment table. CONCLUSION: A posterior fossa boost, in the prone position, is feasible in cooperating patients, but further evaluation is needed to define the optimal and most comfortable treatment positions.
Adolescent ; Brain ; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium ; Fungi ; Head* ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Masks ; Medulloblastoma ; Neck* ; Prone Position ; Radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; Skull ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Hippo/YAP signaling is implicated in tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers. By inhibiting a plethora signaling cascades, resveratrol has strong anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that resveratrol decreases the expression of YAP target genes. In addition, our data showed that resveratrol attenuates breast cancer cell invasion through the activation of Lats1 and consequent inactivation of YAP. Strikingly, we also demonstrate that resveratrol inactivates RhoA, leading to the activation of Lats1 and induction of YAP phosphorylation. Further, resveratrol in combination with other agents that inactivate RhoA or YAP showed more marked suppression of breast cancer cell invasion compared with single treatment. Collectively, these findings indicate the beneficial effects of resveratrol on breast cancer patients by suppressing the RhoA/Lats1/YAP signaling axis and subsequently inhibiting breast cancer cell invasion.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Humans ; Phosphorylation

Ovarin hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation, shows varying degrees of clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis of OHSS is an increase of vascular permeability resulting in hypovolemia, thromboembolism, ARDS, and death in sometimes. Pleural effusion is also a result of an increase of vascular permedability in the pleura. Thoracentesis is sometimes required to relieve dyspnea. We report a case of OHSS with bilateral exudative pleural effusfion is a 23 year-old female with resting dyspnea. She was received clomi;hen, FSH, and LH for the treatment of irregular menstruation twenty days previously. The ultrasonogram showed severe ascites and bilaterally huge ovary, and chest radiography showed bilateral effusion. Therapeutic thoracentesis and paracentesis were done for relief of the dyspnea. Two weeks later the bilateral effusion and symptoms disappeared spontaneously.
Ascites ; Capillary Permeability ; Dyspnea ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Menstruation ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome* ; Ovary ; Ovulation Induction ; Paracentesis ; Pleura ; Pleural Effusion* ; Radiography ; Thorax ; Thromboembolism ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Suicide is one of the ten largest causes of death in the world. The rate of suicide is recently significantly increasing in Korea and the rate is relatively high, particularly in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to support the establishment of appropriate measures for prevention of suicide through a better recognition of suicide and to investigate the factors that lead to suicide in adolescence with high school students who have large risk factors of suicide due to entrance examination, future courses, etc. METHODS: A questionnaire regarding the factors influencing the impulse of suicide was conducted to 770 high school students in eight high schools in Seoul and local areas between June 1 and July 31, 2005. Suicidal impulses was checked by SSI (scale for suicidal ideation). Depressive mood and internet addiction degrees was evaluated by BDI (Beck's depression inventory) and IAS (internet addiction scale), respectively. RESULTS: The final subjects of the study were 719 (93.3%) high school students among 770 students in eight high schools in Seoul and local areas, excluding 51 (6.6%) students with insufficient response. There were, 362 (50.3%) male students and 357 (49.7%) female students. Among the total 443 (61.6%) of the subjects had a high risk of suicide. The risk was high in subjects whose parents were divorced, who solved their difficulties by themselves, either expressed suicidal ideation to friends or not expressed suicidal ideation, knew an suicidal internet site and had freguent visits to the internet site. And alcohol experience, drug abuse, BDI and IAS were also connected with a high risk of suicide (P<0.05). Marital status of parents, resolution of problems, expression of suicidal ideation, BDI and IAS were independent factors affecting SSI (OR= 3.7, 0.7, 0.8, 2.4, and 1.6, P<0.05) in logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: High suicidal risk is associated with complex factors. We have discovered several causes which augment the impulse of suicide in adolescence. They are parent's divorce or separation, an expression of suicidal ideation, depressive mood, and the extent of internet addiction, etc. Therefore in order, to prevent adolescent suicide, a unified personal, family, and social efforts are required.
Adolescent* ; Cause of Death ; Depression ; Divorce ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Internet ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Marital Status ; Parents ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Jacobsen syndrome is a rare condition associated with the deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11. Though several authors reported prenatal sonographic findings of the Jacobsen syndrome, there are no common disease-specific features. The majority of affected cases were identified postnatally by chromosomal analysis of the dysmorphic or mentally retarded patients. We present a prenatal case of Jacobsen syndrome with a brief review of literature. A routine scanning in a 32-year-old primigravida at 17.3 weeks' gestation showed abnormal ultrasonographic findings consistent with increased nuchal thickening and subtle cardiac abnormalities (levorotated heart axis of greater than 60 degrees and thickened ventricular wall). The patient underwent amniocentesis, and the karyotype showed deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11, 46,XX, del (11) (q23.1q24). The fetal autopsy performed following medical termination confirmed the prenatal findings. The present case represents that the prenatal sonographic detection of the nuchal thickening and subtle cardiac abnormality should warrant a careful assessment of fetal anatomy and prompt cytogenetic analysis looking for chromosomal aberrations.
Adult ; Amniocentesis ; Arm ; Autopsy ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Heart ; Humans ; Jacobsen Distal 11q Deletion Syndrome* ; Karyotype ; Mentally Disabled Persons ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the spontaneous regeneration repair process in femoral bone defects in 6-week-old rabbits and to compare the healing time periods between different rabbit groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bone defects were created at the femur mid-shaft and an external fixator was applied in 50 rabbits. The periosteum was resected in 10 rabbits (defect size: 15%, 25%) and left untouched in the remaining rabbits. Forty rabbits were divided into four groups according to the percentage of bone defects (15%, 20%, 25%, 30%). Radiographs were taken weekly to evaluate the bone regeneration and union. The bone union time was measured between the osteotomy and the cortico-medullary differentiation by examining radiographs. The healing index was defined as the union time (week) per amount (cm) of bone defect. Eight rabbits, 2 from each groups with the bone defects, were investigated by histopathologic examination. RESULTS: The mean union time was approximately 7.0 to 7.3 weeks. The healing index in groups that had a large percentage of bone defects was less than in groups that had a small percentage of bone defects. The periosteum-resected group did not show bone regeneration. Histopathologic examinations showed intramembranous and atypical endochondral ossifications along the periosteum and typical endochondral ossification at the center of the bone defects. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous bone regeneration may be used in children to fill the bone defect instead of performing an internal bone transport. Spontaneous bone regeneration is useful in cases of mid-shaft bone defects or when the remaining bone fragments are large enough for an external fixation application.
Bone Regeneration* ; Child ; External Fixators ; Femur ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Periosteum ; Rabbits* ; Regeneration

Background: Stiff knees, like completely ankylosed or arthrodesed knees, can be painless. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for these painless, stiff knees is technically demanding. However, it can correct the alignment and advance the range of motion to improve quality of life. So, we reviewed the preoperative and postoperative results of functional and pain scores, range of motion (ROM) and complications in painless, stiff knees treated by TKA. Methods: Fifteen painless, stiff knees underwent TKA from January 1998 to January 2017. The mean follow-up period was 15.4 (2.4–22.2) years. All the knees were completely ankylosed or arthrodesed. Clinical outcome and complications were evaluated using medical record review, serial plan radiography, ROM assessment, Knee Society score (KSS), Knee Society function score (FS), and a visual analog scale for pain (VAS). Results: All patients were satisfied with their operated knees. Mean KSS and FS scores were improved from 36 and 50.9 to 76.9 and 67.2, respectively (P < 0.001 and P = 0.01). The mean ROM increased from 0º preoperatively to 77.6º (15–130) at the final follow-up (P < 0.001). The mean VAS had worsened from 0 preoperatively to 0.2 postoperatively, however it was not significant (P = 0.1). Major postoperative complications were reported in five of the knees (33.3%). Conclusions The results of TKA for painless, stiff knees were satisfactory with improved ROM and quality of life. Although some patients had mild pain and complications postoperatively, they were satisfied with the result. However, our study recommends that surgeons should consider the high rate of complications in the completely ankylosed or arthrodesed knees.