PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to identify prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS) and its associations with sleep habits, sleep problems, depression, subjective health status and obesity in community dwelling adults. METHOD: Data was collected from adults aged 20-59 years by random sampling. Subjects completed a questionnaire which was composed of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and questions that included items about sleep habits, sleep problems, subjective health status and sociodemographic characteristics. Height and weight were measured for calculation of body mass index. The statistical analyses was based on 3,302 adults (51.5% males and 48.5% females). Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression were used. RESULT: The prevalence of EDS was 17.1%. Multiple logistic regression showed that the associated factors of EDS were depression, obesity, dissatisfaction with sleep time, irregular sleep, and habitual snoring. Depression was the most significant associated factor(adjusted odds ratio for severe depression=2.27, 95% Confidence Interval=1.73-2.96). CONCLUSION: EDS is a common symptom in adults. Our finding suggested that persons with a complaint of EDS should be completely assessed for depression and obesity as well as sleep problems.
Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Depression ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/*diagnosis/*epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it remains unclear whether the risk of NAFLD is independently related to OSA regardless of visceral obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether OSA alone or in combination with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) or short sleep duration was associated with NAFLD independent of visceral fat in Korean adults. METHODS: A total of 621 participants were selected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) and hepatic fat components of the participants were assessed using computed tomography scans and they were then categorized into four groups depending on the presence of OSA and EDS. RESULTS: The proportions of NAFLD were 21.1%, 18.5%, 32.4%, and 46.7% in participants without OSA/EDS, with only EDS, with only OSA, and with both OSA and EDS, respectively. A combination of OSA and EDS increased the odds ratio (OR) for developing NAFLD (OR, 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21 to 6.28) compared to those without OSA/EDS, and this association remained significant (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.59) even after adjusting for VFA. In short sleepers (< 5 hours) with OSA, the adjusted OR for NAFLD was 2.50 (95% CI, 1.08 to 5.75) compared to those sleeping longer than 5 hours without OSA. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, OSA was closely associated with NAFLD in Korean adults. This association was particularly strong in those with EDS or short sleep duration regardless of VFA.
*Adiposity ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat/*physiopathology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology ; Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology ; Odds Ratio ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; *Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology