No abstract available.
Disinfectants

The purpose of this study was to evalute the effect of immersion disinfection on the dimensional stability of rubber impression materials. The metallic master model was made in order to simulate the intraoral arch form. Impressions were made from four impression materials (Exaflex, Extrude, Reprosil, Impregum-F) and immersed in three disinfectant solutions (Wydex, Vi-Pon, Potadine). Casts from the impressions were measured according to the interpreparation distance. The A-B and The B-D abutment distance were compared with the control group and disinfected groups. The results were as follows; 1. The measurements of the stone cast increased relative to the master model and there was a significant difference (P<0.05). 2. The relative dimensional change of the stone cast as compared with master model ranged from 0.10% to 0.56% in the A-B distance and ranged from 0.04% to 0.27% in the B-D distance. 3. The dimensional change of the disinfected groups as compared with the control group was significantly different in the three impression materials except for Impregum-F (P<0.05). 4. The relative dimensional change of the disinfected groups compared with the control group ranged from 0% to 0.20% in the A-B distance and ranged from -0.09% to 0.11% in the B-D distance. These results suggest that immersion disinfection of rubber impression materials by chemical disinfectants causes very small dimensional change and the change is clinically acceptable for prothesis fabrication
Disinfectants ; Disinfection* ; Immersion* ; Rubber*

No Abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local* ; Disinfectants*

The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (KSGE) issued guidelines for endoscope reprocessing for the first time in 1995, and the version of the guidelines was updated in August 2009, August 2012, and March 2015. Guidelines for endoscope reprocessing should be revised continuously, because new disinfectants and devices are developed and introduced. The current official version of the KSGE guidelines for endoscope reprocessing is explained herein to assist the reader in understanding the KSGE requirements for cleaning and disinfecting endoscopes.
Disinfectants ; Endoscopes* ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To prevent the transmission of pathogens by endoscopes, following established reprocessing guidelines is critical. An ideal reprocessing step is simple, fast, and inexpensive. Here, we evaluated and compared the efficacy and safety of two disinfectants, a tertiary amine compound (TAC) and ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA). METHODS: A total of 100 colonoscopes were randomly reprocessed using two same automated endoscope reprocessors, according to disinfectant. The exposure time was 10 minutes for 0.55% OPA (Cidex® OPA, Johnson & Johnson) and 5 minutes for 4% TAC (Sencron2®, Bab Gencel Pharma & Chemical Ind. Co.). Three culture samples were obtained from each colonoscope after reprocessing. RESULTS: A total of nine samples were positive among the 300 culture samples. The positive culture rate was not statistically different between the two groups (4% for OPA and 2% for TAC, P=0.501). There were no incidents related to safety during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: TAC was non-inferior in terms of reprocessing efficacy to OPA and was safe to use. Therefore, TAC seems to be a good alternative disinfectant with a relatively short exposure time and is also less expensive than OPA.
Colonoscopes* ; Disinfectants* ; Endoscopes* ; o-Phthalaldehyde*

In August 2001 we began to use WELPAS (a benzalkonium chloride solution) as part of our cost-containment drive, replacing self-made glycerol-added ethanol, which had been used for a long time to prevent nosocomial infections. Since then, blackish stains have become particularly noticeable here and there on the floorboards of the passageways in the hospital wards. The newly adopted quick-drying hand disinfectant was suspected as the culprit. To find the real cause of the dirt, we built a hallway similar to the real passageway for experiment. The disinfectant agents used were WELPAS, WELLUP (chlorhexidine gluconate), HIBISOFT (chlorhexidine gluconate), medicinal ethanol, cationic detergent solution, HIBITANE solution (chlorhexidine hydrochioride) and glycerol solution. These agents and distilled water were dropped on a limited area of the floor respectively for comparison of the degrees of dirt. The cationic detergent solution and WELPAS containing cationic detergent left blackish stains that were hardest to remove. From this finding, it was inferred that the cationic detergent solution was responsible for the dirt on the floor. So we decided to switch to a quick-drying hand disinfectant which does not contain cationic detergents. After considering economic benefit, we chose WELLUP which contains medicinal alcohol plus chlorhexidine gluconate and put it into actual use in October 2003. Since then, the hospitall floors have become unmistakalbly clean.
Solutions ; Disinfectants ; Hand ; Detergents ; Desiccation

Once released into the air, humidifier disinfectants became tiny nano-size particles, and resulted in chemical bronchoalveolitis. Families had lost their most beloved members, and even some of them became broken. Based on an estimate of two million potential victims who had experienced adverse effects from the use of humidifier disinfectants, we can say that what we have observed was only the tip of the iceberg. Problems of entire airways, as well as other systemic effects, should be examined, as we know these nano-size particles can irritate cell membranes and migrate into systemic circulation. The story of humidifier disinfectant is not finished yet.
Cell Membrane ; Disinfectants* ; Humans ; Humidifiers* ; Ice Cover

Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (KSGE) issued its guidelines for endoscope reprocessing for the first time in 1995, and the version of the guidelines has been updated in August 2009, August 2012 and March 2015, respectively. Guidelines for endoscope reprocessing should be revised continuously because new disinfectants and devices are introduced. The current official version of the KSGE guidelines for endoscope reprocessing is explained herein to assist the reader in understanding of KSGE requirements for cleaning and disinfection of endoscopes.
Disinfectants ; Disinfection ; Endoscopes* ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal*

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the status of disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities. METHOD: A survey of 193 Korean healthcare facilities was conducted from February 8 to March 7, 2013. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2 test, Fisher's exact test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe with SPSS WIN 18.0. RESULTS: Of the healthcare facilities 93.2% had specific guidelines for disinfection/sterilization, but only 47.9% had a committee on disinfection/sterilization for decision-making, less than half (42.7%) conducted regular monitoring of actual practices, while 83.9% had established procedures for recovery in case of problems with the disinfection process and 89.0% kept records and archives of disinfection practices. Cleaning process, selection of chemical disinfectants and process of disinfection and sterilization were found to be inadequate in some healthcare facilities. Perception score for adequacy of medical instruments was 8.10, environmental disinfection was 7.20, and sterilizer management was 8.45 out of a possible 10. CONCLUSION: Compared to larger institutions, smaller healthcare facilities had less effective disinfection and sterilization management systems, while some facilities showed inadequate practices for medical equipment and general sterilization. Better academic and state-level support is recommended for smaller facilities in order to establish a better system-wide management system.
Delivery of Health Care* ; Disinfectants ; Disinfection* ; Sterilization*

Objectives: This study aims to determine the bactericidal activity of 4% acetic acid versus chlorine tablets against gram negative and gram-positive microorganisms based on percentage reduction of microorganisms in hospital surfaces and suggest that it may be an effective alternative disinfectant. Methodology: This was an experimental study where microbiological sampling of hospital surfaces was used to determine bacterial growth. The study was conducted from November to December 2020 at National Children’s Hospital, a 200 bed capacity tertiary government hospital catering to children 0 to less than 19 years old. Non-critical hospital surfaces such as beds, bed rails and bedside tables were swabbed before and after intervention cleaning with chlorine tablets or 4% acetic acid solution. Result: Pre-swabbing, hospital surfaces showed the presence of Bacillus sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae and Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS). Post-application of 4% acetic acid solution resulted to 100% reduction of Bacillus sp., 70.8% reduction of CONS, and 19.5% reduction of Klebsiella pneumoniae while post-application of chlorine tablet solution showed 100% reduction of Klebsiella pneumoniae and CONS and 95.2% reduction of Bacillus species. Conclusion The use of 4% acetic acid solution significantly reduced more gram-positive than gram-negative organisms and is a highly effective disinfectant against Bacillus sp. but is not effective against gram-negative organisms as it does not fulfil the criteria of at least 90 percent reduction in bacterial growth. Chlorine tablet solution is a more effective disinfectant against gram-negative organisms than gram-positive organisms. Acetic acid 4% solution is not an effective alternative disinfectant to chlorine tablet solution, the currently used hospital disinfectant, but maybe used as an adjunct for better reduction of hospital environmental pathogens.
Acetic Acid ; Disinfectants ; Cross Infection ; Bacteria