Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that maternal nutrition and environmental exposure early in development play an important role in susceptibility to disease in later life. In addition, these disease outcomes seem to pass through subsequent generations. Epigenetic modifications provide a potential link between the nutrition status during critical periods in development and changes in gene expression that may lead to disease phenotypes. An increasing body of evidence from experimental animal studies supports the role of epigenetics in disease susceptibility during critical developmental periods, including periconceptional period, gestation, and early postnatal period. The rapid improvements in genetic and epigenetic technologies will allow comprehensive investigations of the relevance of these epigenetic phenomena in human diseases.
Animals ; Critical Period (Psychology) ; Disease Susceptibility ; Environmental Exposure ; Epigenomics* ; Family Characteristics ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Nutritional Status ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation among systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to assess the psychological susceptibility of suicidal ideation.

METHODS324 SLE patients in Hefei city were interviewed with questionnaires, including Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and self-made questionnaire to collect information on suicidal ideation, social-demographic characteristics, etc. T test was used to compare the scores of personality and coping styles with national psychological norms. These odds ratios (95%CI) of the two factors for suicidal ideation were calculated by logistic regression, adjusted to socio-demographic factors.

RESULTSCurrent suicidal ideation was present in 108(33.3%) of 324 SLE patients. The standard scores of neuroticism (49.81 ± 10.03, t = 15.327, P < 0.01) and psychoticism (49.84 ± 9.73, t = 3.142, P < 0.01) were both higher than norms (neuroticism: 41.27 ± 9.42; psychoticism: 48.14 ± 9.74). The standard score of extrovision and introvision (50.43 ± 9.90) was lower than norm (57.75 ± 8.26) (t = -13.317, P < 0.01). Both scores of positive coping (34.36 ± 7.86) and negative coping (28.87 ± 7.79) were higher than norms of female healthy group (PC: 29.32 ± 8.96, NC: 22.34 ± 7.47) (t values were 11.543 and 15.102, P values all < 0.01) and patients' group (PC: 29.15 ± 9.28, NC: 25.36 ± 8.42) (t values were 8.122 and 11.932, P values all < 0.01). After adjusting the social-demographic variables, neurotic personality (OR = 1.110, 95%CI: 1.072 - 1.149) and high level of negative coping (OR = 1.069, 95%CI: 1.030 - 1.109) were significantly correlated with suicidal ideation in SLE patients.

CONCLUSIONThe rate of suicidal ideation in SLE patients in China was a little higher. Neurotic personality and negative coping were the psychological susceptibility of suicidal ideation in SLE patients.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; China ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to understand the situation of diabetes patients receiving examinations for diabetes complications and to explore the factors influencing their intention to receive examinations for diabetes complications. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed that included 251 diabetes patients who visited outpatient clinics in Southern Taiwan. A survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted from October 2015 to January 2016. The questionnaire included items on demographic characteristics, perceived susceptibility to diabetes complications, perceived seriousness of diabetes complications, perceived benefits of taking action to receive diabetes complication examinations, perceived barriers to taking action to receive diabetes complication examinations, and the intention to receive diabetes complication examinations. The data were analyzed using regression analysis. RESULTS: The percentage of participants who received fundus, foot, and kidney examinations was 67.7%, 61.4%, and 73.3%, respectively. Every point increase on the perceived barriers to taking action to receive diabetes complication examinations scale increased the intention to receive a foot examination in the following year by 0.91 times (p = .002), and every point increase on the perceived susceptibility to diabetes complications scale increased the intention to receive a kidney examination in the following year by 1.19 times (p = .045). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses should shoulder the responsibility to increase patients' intention to receive examination of diabetes complications. The results of this study can be used to promote nurses' care efficacy in preventing diabetes complications. They can also provide medical institutions with information to establish prevention and control policies for diabetes complications.
Ambulatory Care/utilization ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetic Angiopathies/nursing/*prevention & control/psychology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/nursing/*prevention & control/psychology ; Disease Susceptibility/psychology ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurse-Patient Relations ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/*psychology ; Perception ; Physical Examination/nursing/*psychology/utilization ; Taiwan