2 pestle flaps, 4 peripheral pedicular flap, 4 flaps of outside of limb and 2 flaps of inside of limb with central pedicle which were used as island fascio cutaneous flaps with the distal facio- fatty pedicles treated for 12 patients from different hospitals. Results have shown that all flaps lived; 2 flaps were healed in phase II; there were no necrosis or no cases which must be alternated by other method.
Surgery, Plastic ; Surgical Flaps

We describe 5 case in which an island posterior calf fasciocutaneous flap used to cover defects over the knee and tibia. 5 posterior calf fasciocutaneous flaps survived completely. We have found that it offers some advantages over the gastrocnemius. These include a greater flexibility of size and shape, a large arc of rotation to reach suprapatellar defects, the provision of sensate skin with protective though crude sensation, lees bulk, and the avoidance of twitch
surgery ; Abnormalities

Six volatic kite flaps were used to covering the missing lesions of thumb skin. The flaps were collected from dorsum of phalanx 1 and from hand-finger join 2. The flaps involved three feeding components: the dorsal finger 2 artery that separated from radial artery, vein, the nerve branch that separated from radial nerve. These flaps were used effectively for covering the missing lesion of inter-phalangeal joint 1-2. It is more difficult in covering the palm of phalanx 2 of finger 1 because the flap must be collected from far area, the blood supply is poor in distal tip and the flap is stretched. (There was one case in which this flap was used to cover the palm of phalanx 2 of finger 1 had necrosis in distal part of the flap).
Skin ; Thumb ; Surgical Flaps ; surgery

The coverage of defects of the Achilles tendon, malleoli and heel remain is a challenge to reconstructive surgeons. We used distally based superficial susal artery island flaps for the reconstruction of defects of maleolus and heel. The distally based superficial sural artery flap, first described as a distally based neuroskin flap by Masquellet A.C et al is a skin island flap supplied by the vascular axis of the sural nerve and combinations of these systems as suprafascial plexus. We made some modifications. We left a skin extension over the fascio vascular pedicle and used it as a roof of the tunnel.
Surgical Flaps

Distal pedicle fasciocutaneous flap has good survival due to it is designed based on blood supply from consistent vascular pedicle. Blood perfusion is excellent in all 8 flaps. Leg cosmetic was not affected. The surgical procedure involves only one stage and is easy to use widely. The procedure appears have superiors and can overcome disadvantages of adjacent regional flaps
Surgical Flaps ; Soft Tissue Injuries

Masquelet A.C et al proposed a concept of a neuroskin flap using accompanying arteries of the cutaneous nerves and reported some clinical cases where the sural nerve was used. Sural nerve should be included in this flap (sural flap). The flap is outlined at the function of the relief of two heads of gastrocnemius. We used 8 distally based sural island flaps without sural nerve for leg and foot reconstruction. The island cutaneous is collected from two-third upper in the posterior portion of the leg. Here, the fasciocutaneous flap based only on the accompanying artery of the extreme saphenous vein. The sural nerve can be preserved without including in the flap.
Surgical Flaps ; Sural Nerve