The characteristics and clinical application of the arrival of qi in suspended moxibustion was discussed in this paper. Through literature research and clinical practice, three aspects, including characteristics of arrival of qi in suspended moxibustion, the clinical basis regarding arrival of qi in suspended moxibustion improving therapeutic effects and how to acquire arrival of qi in suspended moxibustion, were discussed to clarify the essential role of arrival of qi in suspended moxibustion as well as its importance to the development of moxibustion medicine. The suspended moxibustion at acupoints could produce arrival of qi similar to acupuncture, which was characterized as non-local or non-superficial heat sensation such as penetrating heat, expanding heat, transmitting heat, even non-hot sensation such as aching, numbing, distending, painful, heavy, cold sensation in the applied region. It is heat-sensitive sensation phenomenon that can improve therapeutic effect in suspended moxibustion.
Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Qi ; Thermosensing

The initiation and development of gastric cancer is due to the effects from both external and internal factors.Recent researches show that external environment factors regulate and control the key genes expression during the process of cell's growth and development through epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation or demethylation,histone modification and small RNA,thus playing an important role in gastric cancer's occurrence and development.

HPLC was applied to content determination of active components——chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Qingkailing Injection.This method is simple,rapid,involves good reproducibility,and can be as a reliable determination method for the quality control of Qingkailing Injection.The test conditions are as follows:detection wavelength at 340 nm,ODS C-18 chromatocolumn of stainless steel(3.9?30cm),mobile phase using methanol-water-tetrahydrofuran(25:57:18).

A HPLC method for the determination of berberine in Phellodendron amurense processed by four different procedures has been established. The method is simple, specific and accurate. The recovery is 102.7% and coefficient of variation is 0.69%.

Objective:To observe the thermesthesia thresholds of the heat-sensitive acupoints in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to provide scientific evidence for acupoint selection based on acupoint sensitization. Methods:Forty-six patients with KOA of swelling type were recruited. By using the quantitative thermesthesia testing, the thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance at Xuehai (SP 10), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4) and Yinlingquan (SP 9) were detected. The subjects were then divided into heat-sensitive groups and non-heat-sensitive groups according to whether there was a phenomenon of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation at each acupoint, to compare the thermesthesia thresholds between the two groups. Results: The thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance were respectively (38.21±2.03)℃ , (44.4,±1.8,)℃ and (48.,9±0.,4)℃ in the heat-sensitive group of Xuehai (SP 10), versus (3,.,,±1.93)℃ , (42.91±2.0,)℃ and (4,.9,±1.14)℃ in the non-heat-sensitive group of Xuehai (SP 10); the thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance were respectively (3,.4,±1.,,)℃ , (44.,,±1.,3) , and (4,.48±0.4,) in the heat℃℃-sensitive group of Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), versus (3,.92±1.,9)℃ , (42.,2±1.94)℃ and (4,.,3±0.41)℃ in the non-heat-sensitive group of Neixiyan (EX-LE 4); the thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance were respectively (3,.30±2.23)℃ , (44.39±1.92)℃ and (4,.,,±0.,8)℃ in the heat-sensitive group of Yinlingquan (SP 9), versus (3,.0,±1.8,)℃ , (42.,3±1.88)℃ and (4,.91±0.,2)℃ in the non-heat-sensitive group of Yinlingquan (SP 9). The statistical analyses showed that the thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance of each heat-sensitive group (all the three acupoints) were significantly higher than those of each corresponding non-heat-sensitive group (P<0.01). Conclusion:There were differences in the thermesthesia thresholds between heat-sensitized and non-heat-sensitized acupoints in patients with KOA of swelling type; and the thermal sensation threshold, thermal pain threshold, and threshold of thermal pain tolerance of the heat-sensitized points were significantly higher than those of the non-heat-sensitized ones.

Objective: To compare moxibustion sensation and infrared thermography by the assessment of heat-sensitization on Guanyuan (CV 4) in patients with primary dysmenorrhea, and to prove the possibility of adopting infrared thermography as an objective demonstration of acupoints heat-sensitization. Methods: Seventy-one patients with primary dysmenorrhea were enrolled to receive moxibustion and infrared to detect the heat-sensitization of Guanyuan (CV 4). The results were then analyzed and compared. Results: The infrared radiation showed a lower temperature when the acupoint Guanyuan (CV 4) was sensitized in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Compared with moxibustion sensation, its sensitivity rate (real positive rate) was 76.6%, divergence rate (real negative rate) was 70.1%, and the accuracy rate was 74.6%. After giving moxibustion to Guanyuan (CV 4), the infrared radiation area was significantly expanded longitudinally and transversely. Compared with moxibustion test, the sensitivity rate (real positive rate) of infrared test was 78.7%, divergence rate (real negative rate) was 83.3%, and the accuracy rate was 80.3%. Conclusion: To a certain extent, the heat-sensitization of the acupoint Guanyuan (CV 4) in patients with primary dysmenorrhea can be revealed by infrared thermography. The acupoint heat-sensitization phenomena (heat extension or transmission) after giving moxibustion to the heat-sensitized acupoints can also be demonstratedobjectively by infrared thermography, besides experienced subjectively by the receivers.

OBJECTIVETo analyze and evaluate the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion for symptoms of large intestine cancer.

METHODSSixty patients with large intestine cancer were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. FOLFOX chemotherapy regimen was used in the two groups,and heat-sensitive moxibustion was added in the observation group. The acupoints were Zusanli(ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) Xuehai (SP 10) and Geshu (BL 17), etc. The treatment was applied once a day,five-day treatment as one course. Four courses were required. The reaction rates of uncomfortable symptoms by the Chinese version of the M. D. Anderson symptom inventory (MDASI-C) scale and clinical effects were analyzed and evaluated in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the MDASI-C reaction rate of uncomfortable symptoms in the observation group was 50.4% which was lower than 53.3% in the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of symptom improvement in the observation group was 83.3% (25/30), which was higher than 60.0% (18/30) in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHeat-sensitive moxibustion can improve symptoms of chemotherapy for large intestine cancer.

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Intestine, Large ; drug effects ; Leucovorin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND:Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury has been shown to exhibit gender difference, but its precise mechanisms deserve further investigations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential expression of microRNAs in the kidney between female and male mice in order to study the effects and mechanisms of microRNA in pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury between different genders. METHODS:Male and female mice received kidney ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion injury for 24 hours. Simultaneously, male and female sham surgery groups served as controls. The microRNA gene chip technology was used to detect the differences of microRNA expression in the kidney of male and female mice at 45 minutes after ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion as wel as after sham surgery. The threshold of difference in expression among samples was double. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Five microRNAs were up-regulated between female and male ischemia-reperfusion injury groups. Twenty-nine microRNAs differential y expressed in the female ischemia-reperfusion group and female sham surgery group, including 25 up-regulated microRNAs and 4 down-regulated microRNAs. Thirty-eight microRNAs differential y expressed in male ischemia-reperfusion injury group and male sham surgery group, including 9 up-regulated microRNAs and 29 down-regulated microRNAs. 102 microRNAs differential y expressed in the female sham surgery group and male sham surgery group, including 22 up-regulated microRNAs and 80 down-regulated microRNAs. Results suggested that there was differential expression in microRNAs in the kidney before and after renal ischemia-reperfusion in male and female mice. These differential y expressed microRNAs may be lead to different sensitivity and tolerance to the ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney of male and female mice.

BACKGROUND:Several reports have demonstrated that metabolic disorders and physiopathologic changes accompany with urinary diversion.But these metabolic disorders caused by bladder reconstruction using intestinal tract are related to type and length of intestinal canal.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the histological change of reservoir mucosa and to assess effects on metabolic state in patients with a Roux-y sigmoid neobladder.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Urinary Surgery,the 184 Hospital of Chinese PLA between June 2000 and November 2008.PARTICIPANTS:The experimental group comprised 33 bladder carcinoma patients,21 males and 12 females,averaging 64 years of age.The control group consisted of 25 subjects who had no sigmoid colon diseases confirmed by gastroenterological endoscopy.METHODS:Patients with bladder carcinoma received radical cystectomy and bladder reconstruction using Roux-y sigmoid neobladder which controlled urination with anal sphincter.Prior to and after neobladder drainage tube removal,serum levels of electrolyte,creatinine,and urea nitrogen were detected.Before and 36 months after surgery,reservoir mucosa from 13 patients with bladder carcinoma was pathologically examined.For the control group,the thickness of sigmoid colon mucosa and the numbers of intestinal glands were determined.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Electrolyte,renal function,acid-base balance,mucosal layer thickness,numbers of intestinal glands prior to and after surgery,as well as prior to and after drainage tube extraction.RESULTS:After surgery,electrolyte,creatinine,and urea nitrogen were all normal in 30 patients.There was no significant difference in serum electrolyte,creatinine,and urea nitrogen between prior to and after surgery.Mild acid poisoning was found in 3 patients.Microscopic observation results revealed that sigmoid colon mucosa in the control group did not change significantly after surgery,and it basically kept the normal tissue structure;in the experimental group,sigmoid colon mucosa that was(577.6±169.4)μm prior to surgery was thinned(412.5±114.7)μm(P＜0.05),intestinal glands were loosely arranged,interstitial substance became less,and the number of intestinal glands per high-fold visual field that was(26.4±3.5)/high-fold visual field prior to surgery was decreased(15.2±2.7)/high-fold visual field(P＜0.05),after surgery.In addition,intestinal villus in the neobladder was gradually atrophied,and no enterocyte proliferation and malignant changes were found after surgery.CONCLUSION:After Roux-y sigmoid neobladder application,colon mucosa was gradually thinned,intestinal glands were loosely arranged,interstitial substance became less,the number of glands per high-fold visual field was decreased,and body metabolism produced no changes.

Objective:To investigate clinical characteristics and factors influencing the prognosis of patients with mucosal melanoma.Methods:The clinical data of 49 patients with mucosal melanoma in Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2012 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and their clinical characteristics and prognostic influencing factors were observed. Kaplan‐Meier method was used for survival analysis and Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the prognostic influencing factors.Results:Female accounted for 61.2% (30/49) of all 49 patients with mucosal melanoma and the median age was 56 years (42-79 years). The most frequent primary tumor sites occurred in head and neck (42.9%, 21/49), followed by the reproductive system (32.7%, 16/49). At the time of initial diagnosis, 81.6% (40/49) of patients had no distant metastasis and 79.6% (39/49) of patients had normal levels of peripheral blood lactate dehydrogenase. The median overall survival time of 49 patients with mucosal melanoma was 39.5 months (95% CI 23.1-55.9 months). The median overall survival time of patients without distant metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis was significantly longer than that of patients with distant metastasis [46.5 months (95% CI 31.6-61.4 months) vs. 19.2 months (95% CI 0-42.2 months, P = 0.025]. There were no statistically significant differences in median overall survival time of patients with different gender, age at the time of initial diagnosis, primary tumor site, and the level of lactate dehydrogenase in peripheral blood at the time of initial diagnosis (all P > 0.05). The presence of distant metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with mucosal melanoma ( HR = 0.379, 95% CI 0.157-0.918, P = 0.032). Conclusions:Mucosal melanoma is more common in female. The most frequent primary tumor sites occur in head and neck. At the time of initial diagnosis, most patients have non‐distant metastasis and the normal level of peripheral blood lactate dehydrogenase. At the time of initial diagnosis, whether there is distant metastasis is an independent influencing factor for the prognosis of patients with mucosal melanoma.