Objective:To investigate the surgical treatment of adult Hirschsprung's disease (AHD). Methods: A retrospective clinical analysis was proceeded in 7 cases of AHD treated in our hospital from January 2003 to May 2008. There were 3 males and 4 females with an age ranged from 18 to 53 years,including three cases with general segment type,two cases with short segment type,one case with long segment type and one case with whole segment type. All cases were received the modified Duhamel operation. Results: All cases had satisfactory outcome without serious complications,such as soiling, blind pouch syndrome, fecal incontinence and sexual disorder in male patients. Pelvic hydrops occurred in one case and anastomotic inflammation occurred in another case,and both were cured by intensive therapy. Conclusion: The Modified Duhamel Operation is an effective and safe procedure for AHD. Through this procedure the postoperative recurrence rate is reduced, as well the sexual function and the defecate function are remained .

Objective　we studied the effect of the Purine mucleoside Valaciclovir on anti-duck hepatitis virus(DHBV) in vivo to provide an experimental basis for clinical treatment of patients with hepatitisB.Methods　The Chongqing duck hepatitis B virus model was treated with Valaciclovir once a day for a month at the doses of 50mg.kg－1、100mg.kg-1、200mg.kg－1of body weight per day. Serum DHBV DNA was detected four times in the course of the treatment,ALT and AST in serum and DHBV DNA in liver were detected simultaneously.Results　Valaciclovir could signsificantly lower the serum DHBV DNA level. Serum ALT of several ducks in serum rose slightly during the treatment,but became normal after 1 week stopping Valaciclovir. Examination of DHBV DNA in liver with Southern Blot indicated Valaciclovir could inhibit DHBV DNA replication,but could not completely eliminate DHBV SC DNA.Conclusion　The study confirms the safety and potent antihepaticviral activity of Valaciclovir in vivo.

Objective To study the alternation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with gastric cancer(GC) . Method Platelet aggregation test(PAGT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), tissue factor pathway inhibitor(TFPI), D-dimer and tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA: a)were detected in 48 GC patients(GC group) at two weeks pre- and post-operation respectively;and compared with non-tumor patients(control group). Results Compared with control group, in GC group,especially in GC patients with lymphatic metastasis,the PAGT increased (P

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of endovascular stent angioplasty in treating symptomatic stenosis of middle cerebral artery.Methods Endovascular angioplasty with coronary stents was performed in 27 patients with symptomatic stenosis of middle cerebral artery.The clinical results were reviewed and analyzed.Results Of the total 27 patients,successful placement of the coronary stents Was achieved in 24.Angiography immediately after the procedure showed that the stenotic degree of the diseased artery was markedly decreased from preoperative (80±19)%to postoperative (8±4)%,the improvement was very obvious.Percutaneous transcatheter angioplasty had to be employed in two cases because of the failure of stent placement.A mean follow-up period of 18 months was carried out.During the following up period no transient cerebral ischemia attack occurred in 25 patients and no newly-developed cerebral infarction in region fed by the responsible vessels occurred either.Re=irrigation cerebral hemorrhage was seen in one patient,which occurred three hours after the placement of the stent.In one case the placed stent fell off and immigrated into the siphon of internal carotid artery,and the displaced stent Was took out later with a catching apparatus.In another case re-stenosis occurred six months after the stenting.Conclusion Percutaneous endovaacular stent angioplasty is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic stenosis of middle cerebral artery,although its long-term results need to be further evaluated.

Objective:The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that inflammation is involved in the end-organ damage(EOD) induced by sinoaortic denervation(SAD) in rats.Method:SAD was performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats at the age of 10 weeks.Under anaesthesia,aortic nerves were cut and the sinus region of the carotid artery was stripped and painted with 10% phenol.Pathological evaluation of EOD and the determination of plasma or tissue levels of the factors related to inflammation,including thromboxane B2(TXB2) interleukin-1(IL-1),tumour necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) were performed at 16 weeks after SAD.Pathological evaluation of EOD included heart weigh ratio,myocardial and blood vessel hydroxyproline and collagen volume fraction,glomerular injury score and number of infiltrating inflammatory cells.Indomethacin(20 mg/kg per day,orally) or vitamin E(100 mg/kg per day,orally) was administered for 12 weeks,beginning from4 weeks after SAD,to observe their effects on SAD-induced EOD.Results:There were significant fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration in the myocardium and blood vessels,represented by higher hydroxyproline and collagen volume fraction,and a large amount of inflammatory cells in the tissues of SAD rats.Heart weight and kidney glomerular injury score were significantly higher in ed significantly after SAD.Indomethacin and vitamin E significantly decreased the contents of some factors related to inflammation in SAD rats.Both drugs also alleviated myocardial and vessel fibrosis,inflammatory infiltration and kidney damage.Conclusion:Inflammation is involved in the organ damage induced by SAD in rats.

Objective To determine the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on pathology and energy metabolism of myocardium in chronic renal failure(CRF) rats.Methods CRF models were built in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy, and animals were randomyly divided into sham group, control group and three groups treated with different doses of TMZ (3 mg/kg,6 mg/kg or 9 mg/kg).TMZ was intragastrically administrated to CRF rats for 17 weeks, while physiologicalsalinewasusedascontrol. Transthoracicechocardiographywasperformedand myocardial morphosis was observed.Left ventricular weight/body weight(LVW/BW) and heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) were measured, and heart rate, and mean arterial pressure (MAP)were detected at the end of the study, while several parameters were detected, including urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine(Scr), triphosaden(ATP), adenosine diphosphate(ADP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).Results (l)Left ventricle end-systolic dimensions, anterior wall end-diastolic and end-systolic thicknesses, and posterior wall end-diastolic thickness were significantly lower in rats treated with either medium dose or high dose of TMZ, as compared with control group(P＜0.05).(2)LVW/BW and HW/BW in rats treated with either medium dose or high dose of TMZ were significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05). (3)Various pathological changes were observed in control group, such as irregular arrangement and hypertrophy of the cardiomyocytes, myocardial fibrosis,mitochondrial swelling, focal muscle fiber dissolution, etc.However, all these pathological changes were apparently ameliorated in TMZ-treated groups, while the beneficial effects of TMZ therapy were dose-dependent. (4)No difference was observed in heart rate among all the groups.Although no difference existed in all the CRF rats, concerning on the systolic/diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (P＞0.05), these parameters were elevated in CRF rats, as compared with sham-operated group(P＜0.01). (5)ATP and ADP in TMZ-treated rats were significantly higher as compared with control(P＜0.05), moreover, medium dose and high dose of TMZ were superior to low dose (P＜0.05).(6)SOD was significantly increased in TMZ-treated rats (P＜0.05), while IL-6,TNF-α and MDA were significantly decreased in medium dose and high dose of TMZ, as compared with control(P＜0.05).Conclusion TMZ may prevent myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic renal failure via ameliorating myocardial energy metabolism and alleviating inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of recombinant retrovirus vector in gene therapy. Methods: The retroviral vector PLXSN-S was constructed and transferred into PA317 by means of electroporation, then HepG2, P815, and EL4 cells were infected with the pseuovirus produced from PA317, which highly expressed HBsAg. HBsAg expression was tested by RT-PCR and ELISA. Results: HBsAg was expressed variously in the eukaryotic cells mentioned above. HBsAg (A value) of the cell supernatants (48h) were 0.92, 0.09, 0.47, respectively. Conclusion: The vector used in this study is an effective one to carry genes of interest to target cells and it may be useful in the test for gene therapy.

Objective To evoke cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) response and seek for a more effective method to treat chronic hepatitis B. Methods The adenovirus vector was constructed with the foreign genes inserted in the early region 1(E1), which directed coexpression of HBV-S and B7-2 antigens by means of an internal ribosomal entry site placed between the two coding sequences. The vector was transfected into 293 cell lines by liposome and the adenovirus expressing the target antigens was obtained by plaque select. The HBsAg and B7-2 antigen expression in in vitro cell culture was measured by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. The immune responses were measured by ELISA for antibody response and a LDH release assay for CTL activity after immunization with the recombinant adenovirus vector in C57 mice. Results HBsAg and B7-2 antigens were highly expressed after infecting the 293 and HepG2 cell lines in vitro. The humoral response to hepatitis B surface antigen was mildly induced and could be enhanced by reinjecting a regular dose of HBsAg antigen vaccine. The cell-mediated immune response was highly induced by the recombinant adenovirus infection. No clear side effect was observed after immunization. Conclusions This could be a novel strategy for a development of both preventive and therapeutic vaccines against HBV infection. The recombinant adenovirus vector is an effective and safety vector system suitable to the experiments of gene immunization and gene therapy for incurable diseases.

OBJECTIVEBy studying the possibility of obtaining expression of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) genes and production in normal liver cells from heterologous species like normal primary duck hepatocytes (PDH), to investigate the species-specificity of HBV infection and replication.

METHODSTwo days after transfecting the complete HBV genome into PDH by electroporation (transfected group), HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatants and lysates of PDH were measured by the IMX system. Meanwhile, replication of HBV in PDH was analyzed by Southern blotting and dot blotting procedures. PDH was electroporated as control.

RESULTSHBsAg in the lysate of transfected group was 9.10 (P/N values, positive?2.1), HBeAg was 1.0 (negative?2.1), both were negative in the supernatants of transfected group. dot blotting revealed that transfected group was strongly positive, whereas the control group was negative. Southern blot analysis of intracellular total DNA indicated that there were relaxed circular (RC), covalently closed circular (CCC) and single-stranded (SS) HBV DNA replicative intermediates in the transfected group, and there was no integrated HBV DNA in the cellular genome. Control groups were negative.

CONCLUSIONSReplication of HBV can occur in hepatocytes from nonmammalian species, which strongly supports the idea that replication of HBV has no critical species-specificity, and yet it depends on the endoenvironment of hepatocyte.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Replication ; physiology ; DNA, Viral ; biosynthesis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ducks ; Electroporation ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; analysis ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; analysis ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; Species Specificity ; Transfection ; Virus Replication

Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; physiology ; Humans ; Virus Replication