Objective To investigate the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of the S.pneumoniae strains isolated from children in Humen,and evaluate coverage of the serotypes by several vaccines,especially PCV7.Methods A total of 229 S.pneumoniae strains were isolated from the children treated in our hospital during January 2011 and December 2012. Capsular typing was performed by Quellung reaction.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by ATB STREP 5.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.5 software according to CLSI 2010 breakpoints.Results The main serotypes identified from the 229 S.pneumoniae strains were 19F (146,63.8%),23F (49,21.4%),6B (12,5.2%)and 14 (8,3.5%).The coverage of these serotypes was 95.2% by PCV7,95.2% by PCV11,and 97.4% by PCV13.Of all the S.pneumoniae strains,penicillin susceptible S.pneumoniae (PSSP)accounted for 92.6% (212/229),penicillin intermediate S.pneumoniae (PISP)accounted for 5.7% (13/229)and penicillin resistant S.pneumoniae (PRSP)accounted for 1.7% (4/229).About 95.6%,93.0%, 88.2%,86.5%, 7.0%, 2.2% and 0.9% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,chloramphenicol,cefotaxime and amoxicillin,respectively.No strain was found resistant to vancomycin or levofloxacin.Conclusions The serotypes 19F, 23F, 6B and 14 are the main prevalent serotypes of S. pneumoniae in children in Humen.PCV7 could cover 95.2% of these S.pneumoniae,indicating its appropriateness for vaccination in Humen area.These S.pneumoniae strains were highly sensitive to vancomycin,levofloxacin and penicillin,but relatively more resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between 24-hour ambulatory pulse pressure (24hPP), 24-hour ambulatory pulse pressure index (24hPPI), night-time ambulatory pulse pressure index (NPPI) and coronary artery disease (CAD) occurrence in hypertension patients. Methods: A total of 305 subjects received ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in our hospital from 2016-05 to 2016-07 were enrolled. Base on ABPM information, 24hPP, 24hPPI and NPPI were calculated to analyze their relationship to CAD occurrence. 24hPP was defined by 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (24hSBP) minus 24hDBP, 24hPPI by the ratio of 24hPP/24hSBP and NPPI by the ratio of night (22:00-6:00) PP/SBP. Results: There were 222/305 (72.8%) subjects with hypertension. Compared with normotension subjects, hypertension patients had increased 24hPP: (49.0±11.6) mmHg vs (42.2±7.4) mmHg, P<0.001, 24hPPI: (0.39±0.06) vs (0.37±0.05), P=0.004 and NPPI: (0.40±0.07) vs. (0.38±0.06), P=0.009 respectively. 116/222 (52.3%) hypertension patients suffered from CAD. Compared with non-CAD patients, CAD patients presented elevated 24hPP: (50.9±12.2) mmHg vs (47.0±10.6) mmHg, P=0.013, 24hPPI: (0.41±0.07) vs. (0.38±0.06), P<0.001 and NPPI: (0.42±0.07) vs. (0.38±0.06), P<0.001 respectively. Among 83/305 (27.2%) normotension subjects, the above indexes were similar between CAD patients and non-CAD subjects. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that with adjusted age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and antihypertensive medication, 24hPPI [OR=1.95, 95% CI 1.11-3.44, P=0.020] and NPPI [OR=2.21, 95% CI 1.28-3.82, P<0.01] were related to CAD occurrence. ROC curve analysis showed that 24hPPI and NPPI were superior to 24hPP for CAD screening and prediction in hypertension patients. Conclusion: 24hPPI and NPPI were closely related to CAD occurrence in hypertension patients, they were both helpful for CAD screening and prediction in hypertension patients.

To get the information about civil attitudes and main affecting factors of cadaver donation in Zhengzhou.Make stochastic visits to part of dwellers in Zhengzhou urban districts and then study the statistical data.The main affecting factors are traditional ideas and unsound legal system.So,in order to have a good effect,we should strengthen the dissemination of cadaver donation,renovate ideas,and strengthen relevant legislation for cadaver donation.

OBJECTIVE:To establish drug safety performance indicator system in Beijing,and to provide reference for evaluat-ing work quality of administration department and drug market safety reasonably. METHODS:Through literature survey,expert brainstorming and maximum difference scaling,the indicators of drug safety performance evaluation system in Beijing were select-ed,and internet questionnaire survey was conducted among 20 regulators by using SSI Web software. The weight of each indicator was analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:4 factors of drug safety performance have been selected involving 27 indicators,ig. Results of drug sampling test(Oc)which reflect drug market safety directly;results of special drug sampling test(So)which mea-sure the quality of essential medicine;drug sampling operation standard (Na) which measure the completion of drug sampling by procedure or plan;rationality of drug sampling (Ra) which guarantee the rationality of sampling procedure and representativeness of sampled drugs. Finally,20 indicators are identified by experts. The weight of 4 factors are 21%,14%,40% and 25%,respec-tively. Established drug safety performance evaluation system can achieve quantitative check of drug supervision departments,and dispose several problems as rely on subjective factor greatly,lack of objective and uniform standard,only check the results. It pro-vides reference for the formulation of drug safety performance evaluation indicators in other provinces,cities and municipalities.

DNA hydroxymethylation modification is an important part of genome epigenetic regulation.The demethylation process from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) is catalyzed by Tet protein.Abnormal genomic methylation leads to the occurrence of a variety of tumors.Hydroxymethylation is modified as a kind of demethylation and is inseparable from tumorigenesis.The expression of 5-hmC changes accompanied with the development and progression of digestive system tumors,which may be associated with the TET protein family and IDH mutation.It suggested that DNA hydroxymethylation is involved in the development and progression of digestive system tumors.This paper reviews the relationship between DNA hydroxymethylation and digestive system tumors,and aims to provide a new direction for the study of Hydroxymethylation modification in digestive system tumors.

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is one of the major diseases causing blindness in children, but its pathogenesis has remained unclear. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of PCG. Molecular genetics of candidate genes such as CYP1B1, MYOC, LTBP2 and FOXC1 has so far been explored, but no disease-causing gene has been identified. Molecular genetic research on PCG including candidate gene screening and research strategies are reviewed here.
Animals ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Genetic Testing ; Glaucoma ; genetics ; Humans

Objective To investigate and analyze the influence of whole blood specimens storage time in blood routine examination parameters. Methods All 40 healthy cases were randomly selected, and all the whole blood specimens were stored at 4℃. 1,2,3,5 and 7 days after the blood sampling,the specimens were tested by Sysmex-XS1000 au-tomated hematology analyzer, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results The specimens were kept in refrigerator at 4℃,for 7 days, WBC, RBC, Hb, MCH, PLT, RDW-CV, N, L, M and E could still maintain stable. There was no significant difference(P>0.05)in comparing all the measurement data and the fresh sample measurement data. HCT,MCV,RDW-SD and B% gradually increased after 3 days, and MCHC gradually decreased. The difference was statis-tically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Complete blood count specimens can store at 4℃ for 3 days. The results are relatively stable,and parts of main analysis indicators results can still remain stable for a week.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Sanyuan Rupixiao Gel Paste. Methods Sparganii Rhizoma, Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus, Cyperi Rhizoma and Impatientis Semen were identified by TLC method. The content of tetrahydropalmatine was determined by HPLC. Waters symmetry column was used with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphatic acid in a gradient manner (pH was adjusted to 6.4 by triethylamine) (55:45) at the detection wavelength of 280 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min at the column temperature of 30 ℃. Results The spots in TLC were clear without any interference;tetrahydropalmatine showed a good linear relation in the range of 0.092–1.84 μg;the average recovery was 100.15%with RSD of 1.58%(n=6). Conclusion The method is simple and accurate with high reproducibility, which can be used for the quality control of Sanyuan Rupixiao Gel Paste.

Objective To explore the prognosis and risk factors for cervical cancer in elderly patients. Methods Clinical data of 337 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old )admitted into Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from June 2008 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical data and the follow-up information were collected. The correlation of prognosis with age ,performance status score , International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO )staging ,tumor size ,pathological type , treatment and comorbidities were analyzed. Results Among 337 elderly patients ,the 5-year overall survival(OS )rates for patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ were 81.8% ,62.3% ,53.5% and 0.0% , respectively (χ2=63.414 ,P=0.000) ;local recurrence rate was 33.5% ;the 5-year OS rate of patients with and without comorbidities were 54.0% and 70.0% ,respectively(χ2=8.907 ,P=0.003).Among 119 cervical cancer patients with stage ⅠA-ⅡA ,5-year OS for surgery group and radiotherapy group were 83.5% and 55.0% ,respectively(χ2=13.161 ,P=0.000).Among 218 advanced cervical cancer patients ,the 5 year OS for chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy groups were 69.7% and 51.9% , respectively(χ2=4.030 ,P=0.045). The acute toxicity reactions of radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy groups were as follows. The incidences of acute grades 3-4 hematological toxicity were 9.7% and 42.4% in radiotherapy group and chemoradiotherapy groups respectively (χ2=21.362 ,P=0.000) ,and the incidences of acute grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity were 5.9% and 9.1% (χ2=0.086 ,P=0.769)in radiotherapy group and chemoradiotherapy group ,respectively.No grade 4 gastrointestinal toxicity was found.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age ,PS score , FIGO staging ,pathological type ,treatment and comorbidities were influencing factors for prognosis in elderly patients with cervical cancer (P＜0.05). Conclusions Elderly cervical cancer patients have a good tolerance to treatment. The comorbidity is one of negatively influencing factors for prognosis. The efficacy of definitive radiotherapy is inferior to surgery in elderly patients with early stage cervical cancer due to the high proportion of comorbidities.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy can improve the prognosis of middle and advanced cervical cancer in elderly patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of targeted monitoring and comprehensive intervention measures on reducing the occurrence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI)in patients in non-intensive care unit(Non-ICU).Methods In quarter 4 of 2015,patients with indwelling urinary catheter in clinical departments were conducted a baseline survey(before intervention),risk factors for CAUTI in patients were analyzed,targeted monitoring programmes and comprehensive intervention measures were initiated in 2016(after intervention),incidence of CAUTI before and after intervention was compared.Results After taking intervention measures,hand hygiene compliance rate increased from 78.51%in quarter 4 of 2015 to 92.99%in quarter 3 of 2016 and 90.73%in quarter 4 of 2016(x2=7.342,3.998,respectively,both P<0.05),the correct disposal rate of patients' urinary catheterization system increased from 72.83%in quarter 4 of 2015 to 95.44%in quarter 4 of 2016(x2=30.267,P<0.05).A total of 12 067 patients with indwelling urinary catheter were monitored,incidence of CAUTI dropped from 1.03%(24/23 313)in quarter 4 of 2015(before intervention)to 0.53%(14/26 595)in quarter 4 of 2016(after intervention),difference was statistically significant(x2=4.126,P=0.042).Conclusion Improving the quality of urinary catheterization system in patients with indwelling catheter through targeted monitoring can effectively reduce the incidence of CAUTI in patients in Non-ICU.