In order to reaction the quality present situation, problems on the current quality of animal sources of drugs are summed up by using test data analysis, literature search and marketing research. This paper can also help the improvement of the quality management, the revision of the relevant department policy system and the improvement of standards.
Animals ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; analysis ; standards ; Quality Control

As one of the primary prevention measures to reduce birth defects , the premarital healthcare service has played an important role in the prevention of communicable diseases , maintaining the harmonious and happy mar-riage, health and other aspects of protection of the next generation .Different countries and regions also design and implement the premarital medical examination system based on their actual situations .This article summarized the practices, characteristics and experiences of premarital healthcare services in some foreign countries and regions through several aspects including model , set projects content , financing and other aspects of the application of the premarital results.Finally, this paper put forwards suggestions on the premarital healthcare services in our country to help healthy the carrying out of the premarital work .

OBJECTIVE To develop a non-paper,interactive,multiplex medium way,and to obtain the information disinfection protection on second level of time.METHODS Using the computer,the touchscreen,the personal digital assistant(PDA),the general packet radio service(GPRS),the pronounciation(man-machine conversation),the video frequency and the other advanced technology methods,to study and develop an electronic version of intelligent search engine system for disinfection protection.RESULTS Touching namely attained the applied and guided information,such as to fulfil exactly the disinfection technology standard for the medical workers in medical establishments,to provide the post work instruction;to correctly guide the disinfection protection for common family;and to build the communication platfrom with the enterprisers in order to meet the demand for disinfection protection appliances from the society,hospital and family.CONCLUSIONS The intelligent search engine system is feasible applying to use.

Objective To explore the relationship between dynamic changes in ultra-micro-structural of pulmonary arteries and endogenous hydrogen sulfide in rats with left-right shunt.Methods Rats in shunt group were subjected to an abdominal aorta-inferior vena cava shunt to create an animal model of pulmonary artery structural remodeling. After 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of experiment, the ultra-micro-morphologic changes of pulmonary arteries of rats were observed under electronic microscope and H_2S concentration in serum was evaluated by modified sulfide electrode method.Results The changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary arteries were progressively exacerbated, endothelial cells became swollen and large in size on 3 days, smooth muscular cells increased in size as well as the change of endothelial cells in 1 week, and they changed from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype in 4 weeks.Conclusions Shunt exhibited changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary arteries are accompanied by the changes of endogenous H_2S. It is suggested that endogenous H_2S might play a protective role in changes of ultra-micro-structure of pulmonary artery.

AIMTo explore the time-dependent changes of endogenous hydrogen sulfide system at the early stage of pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary flow in rats.

METHODSEighty male SD rats, whose weight ranged 140 - 160 g, were randomly divided into control group (n = 40) and shunt group (n = 40). Rats in shunt group were subjected to an abdominal aorta-inferior vena cava shunt to create an animal model of high pulmonary flow. After 1 d, 3 d, 1 week, 4 week and 8 weeks of experiment, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) of each rat, the H2S of rat lung tissue and CSEmRNA of rat lung tissue were evaluated, respectively.

RESULTSSPAP increased significantly as compared with those in control group in 1 week and 8 weeks of experiment. In contrast to control group, the H2S of rat lung tissue increased significantly on 3 d and in 4 weeks, respectively. Meanwhile, in contrast to control group, relative amount of CSE mRNA of lung tissues elevated significantly on 3 d and in 4 weeks, respectively. Moreover, SPAP and the H2S of rat lung tissue, the CSE mRNA of rat lung tissue correlated negatively in 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of experiment.

CONCLUSIONAnimal model of rats with high pulmonary blood flow exhibited pulmonary hypertension. Lung tissue H2S and CSE mRNA of rats exhibited double peaks within 8 weeks. These results revealed that endogenous H2S system might be relevant with the development of pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary blood flow, and probably, it played a protective role in the regulation of pulmonary hypertension, especially, at its early stage.

Animals ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; metabolism ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Lung ; blood supply ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo measure the range of plasma hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in children.

METHODSTotally 200 healthy children were classified into 4 groups based on age and sex: 7-14 years old group (n = 75, 43 boys and 32 girls), 15-19 years old group (n = 125, 64 boys and 61 girls). Plasma H2S level was detected by a modified sulfide electrode-based method.

RESULTSPlasma H2 S levels were (52.2181 +/- 17.9400) micromol/L in 7-14 years old boys, (51.9441 +/- 16.5448) micromol/L in 7-14 years old girls, (52.8771 +/- 14.1444) micromol/L in 15-19 years old boys, and (53.6551 +/- 14.5563) micromol/L in 15-19 years old girls (P > 0.05). In summary, the range of plasma H2S in children was about (52.8234 +/- 15.4339) micromol/L.

CONCLUSIONThe range of plasma H2S in children is about (52.8234 +/- 15.4339) micromol/L.

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Blood Gas Analysis ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; blood ; Male ; Reference Values ; Sex Factors

Cell Line ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Ribonucleases ; genetics ; Transfection ; Virus Replication

The aim of the present study was to gain an insight into the thiopurine methytransferase (TPMT) genotyping assay, which was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allele-specific PCR, restriction digestion of PCR products, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and SNaPshot sequencing and in combination with direct DNA sequencing. Among the f our methods to test TPMT genetic SNPs based on PCR, allele specific PCR was not able to differentiate wild type from varied type. BsiYI, MwoI and AccI to digest PCR products were used so that SNP in TPMT exon 5, 7 and 10 tested. It showed that there were no differences between the results of digestion of PCR products and those of DNA sequence analysis. Therefore, this method was reliable. But some other methods were still needed to look for a compensation, because no restriction map changing resulted from the 2 SNPs in TPMT promotor was found. As to the results of DHPLC, those for the screening of TPMT exon-5 and -10 for SNPs were the same as restriction analysis of PCR products and direct DNA sequencing. But the variation of the heterozygotes in exon-7 was high, which was different from the results of direct DNA sequencing. After changing the Tm of DNA step by step, It was found that all the samples showed single peak when the temperature was 54 degrees C. But this result was unbelievable because a heterozygote in exon 7 as positive control could not be found. Therefore, it was necessary to test the sensitivity and accuracy of DHPLC, though DHPLC could be used as an effective method of SNPs screening. The results of the SNaPshot sequencing were also same as those of restriction analysis of PCR products and direct DNA sequencing. And the results showed that the bases of TPMT promoter -91 and -168 were G, instead of A and T. The results of the four methods to detect TPMT genetic SNPs based on PCR showed that SNPs analysis technique should be a combination of the techniques above-mentioned. One technique alone could not satisfy the need in clinics and research. The compensation of each other was very important.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Exons ; Humans ; Methyltransferases ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Gene Products, tat ; genetics ; Gene Targeting ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; growth & development ; Humans ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Ribonucleases ; genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Simiao Xiaobi Decoction (SXD) in treating active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of humid pyretic toxic Bi-Zheng (HPTB) syndrome type.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty RA patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups, 60 in the treatment group receiving SXD, and 60 in the control group receiving methotrexate, all were treated for 12 weeks. Clinical efficacy in patients was evaluated, referring to the criteria recommended by European League Against Rheumatoism (EULAR), in terms of effective rate, main symptoms, signs, scoring on symptom/sign by Chinese medicine scale and DAS28, physical and chemical indices, long-term outcome of patients and the average therapeutic effect initiating time. Meantime, the adverse reaction was recorded.

RESULTSThe study was completed in 103 patients, 52 in the treated group and 51 in the control group. According to a per-protocol analysis, the effective rate was better in the treatment group than in the control group with marked difference in terms of Chinese and Western medicine respectively (92.3% vs 70.6% and 86.5% vs 62.7%, P<0.05). Superiorities in the treatment group were also seen in the improvements of main symptoms and signs, symptom/sign scores, DAS28 scores, and long-term outcome. Moreover, the average therapeutic effect initiating time was shorter (5.31 +/- 0.36 weeks vs 8.28 +/- 0.45 weeks), while the incidence of adverse reaction was less in the treatment group than in the control group (6.7% vs 43.3%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSXD can improve the joint symptoms and general condition of RA patients of HPTB type with shorter initiating time and less adverse reaction.

Adult ; Antirheumatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methotrexate ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy