Objective To evaluate the arc renal parenchyma incision of pelvis within renal sinus and renal posterior lib for the removal of complex staghorn renal calculi.Methods Arc renal parenchyma incision of pelvis within renal sinus and renal posterior lib was performed to remove stones in 86 cases (97 sides) with complex staghorn renal calculi.Among the 86 cases,42 had stones on the right side;33,on the left side;11,on bilateral sides.Seventeen cases had concomitantly calculi in the ureter,and 54 had calculi in upper and mid calyx or multiple renal calculi.As for comorbidity,11 cases had hypertensions;4,diabetes; and 5,hepatitis B.Twenty-five cases had renal insufficiency,with BUN of 12.3 -76.0mmol/L and Cr of 231 -1721?mol/L.The procedure was performed as follows:the kidney was dissected free and the pelvis within renal sinus was isolated.Two rows of bottom style sutures were made on the renal parenchyma with 2-0 plain catgut along mid-lower 1/3 of the dorsal surface of kidney free of vessels from the renal posterior lib to the plane of lower major calyx.The renal parenchyma was opened.Then,the incision was developed from the plane of lower through the middle major calyx to the plane of upper major calyx.The renal parenchyma and mid-low calyx along the incision were opened,suturing while incising,so that all the stones could be easily removed with hook.Results The calculi were completely removed in all 86 cases (97 sides).The opera- tive time was 105-187min ( mean,129min).The intraoperative blood loss was 120-460 ml ( mean,220 ml).Forty-three cases needed intraoperative blood transfusion of 120 -200 ml (mean,140 ml).One month after operation,KUB+IVU and ultrasonic findings were normal with improved hydronephrosis,no intrarenal stricture and no residual calculi.Conclusions This procedure has the advantages of less bleeding,slight impairment of renal function,simple handling,clear operative field,high clearance rate,therefore is indica- ted for the removal of complex staghorn calculi.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of dynamic enhanced-CT in differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules.

METHODSSixty-three solitary pulmonary nodules were evaluated by dynamic enhanced multi-slice CT. Images were obtained before and at 20 s, 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 75 s, 90 s, 120 s, 180 s, 300 s, 540 s, 720 s, 900 s and 1200 s after the injection of contrast media. All lesion enhanced parameters and morphological features were recorded. The differences between benign and malignant nodules were analyzed. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of solitary pulmonary nodules were evaluated by receiver operator characteristic analysis.

RESULTSCT enhancement value at 120 s [(29.5 ± 30.2) HU vs. (32.5 ± 14.7) HU, P = 0.023], washout at 20 min [(36.5 ± 24.6) HU vs. (15.6 ± 16.6) HU, P = 0.044], washout ratio at 20 min [(36.5 ± 24.6)% vs. (17.8 ± 14.5)%, P = 0.006], slope of washout at 20 min [(0.006 ± 0.005)%/s vs. (0.002 ± 0.0016)%/s, P = 0.001], type II (24/42 vs. 4/21, P = 0.004) and III (5/42 vs. 9/21, P = 0.005) curves were significantly different between benign and malignant nodules. Using the above mentioned parameters, the results of receiver operator characteristic analysis had a sensitivity of 64.3% and specificity of 84.2% for identification of malignant tumors. The morphological features including round-like, triangle-like, multi-angle, spiculation, light lobulation, the degree of edge (sharp, clear, blur), vessel convergence sign, vacuole sign, airing of bronchi, cut-off of the bronchi and depression of pleura were significantly different between benign and malignant nodules. The results of ROC analysis showed that the above mentioned morphological features had a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 100% for differentiating malignant tumors from benign nodules. The results of ROC analysis showed that combination of morphological features and dynamic enhancement parameters had a sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 100% for identification of malignant tumors.

CONCLUSIONSDynamic enhanced CT images can evaluate morphological and enhancement features of solitary pulmonary nodules. Combination of morphological features and enhancement characteristics can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hamartoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; ROC Curve ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Tuberculoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnostic imaging

To establish a method for detecting microdialysis recovery of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and ferulic acid (FA) and investigating the influencing factors, providing the basis for further in vivo microdialysis experiments. The concentration of FA and TMP in dialysates were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography ( HPLC) and probe recovery were calculated respectively. The influence of the flow rates, medium concentration, temperature and in vivo probe stability on the recovery of FA and TMP were investigated by using concentration difference method (incremental method and decrement method). The recovery obtained by incremental method were similar to by decrement method. The in vitro recovery rate of FA and TMP decreased with the increase of 1-2.5 μL min(-1), and increased obviously with the temperature of 25-42 degrees C under the same conditions. The concentration of FA and TMP had no obvious effect on the probe recovery under the same flow rate. In addition, the recovery of TMP and FA remained stable and showed similar trends under the condition of four concentration cycles, indicating that the intra day reproducibility of the concentration difference method was good. The recovery of brain microdialysis probes in vivo 8 h maintained a relatively stable, but certain differences existed between different brain microdialysis probes, demonstrating that each probe was required for recovery correction in vivo experiment. Microdialysis sampling can be used for the local brain pharmacokinetic study of FA and TMP, and retrodialysis method can be used in probe recovery of FA and TMP in vivo.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Microdialysis ; methods ; Pyrazines ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the whote plant Biebersteinia heterostemon (Geraniaceae).

METHODThe ethanol extract of the whole plants was separated by various chromatographic methods and the compounds from the extract were identified by spectroscopic evidence including MS, IR, NMR and X-ray crystallographic analysis.

RESULTThree isoprenyl guanidine derivatives were isolated from the whole plant of Biebersteinia heterostemon and identified as galegine (1) , cis-4-hydroxygalegine (2) and trans-4-hydroxygalegine (3).

CONCLUSIONThe three compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Geraniaceae ; chemistry ; Guanidines ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To predict the value of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the risk and severity of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients.Methods Totally 120 cases were divided into 3 groups.Group A had no diabetes mellitus (DM) and no coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD).Group B had DM without CAD.Group C had DM with CAD.The levels of AGEs,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),glycosylated hemoglobin,and the severity of coronary stenosis were detected.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the sensitivities and specificities of AGEs for the diagnosis of DM with CAD.Results The highest level of AGEs,LDL-C,glycosylated hemoglobin and carotid plaque was in the C group,with a statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The severity of AGEs was significantly correlated with the severity of CAD and the Gensini score of AGEs (r =0.445).ROC curve showed that the sensitivity,specificity and area under ROC curve of AGEs determination of DM with CAD were 80.0％,75.0％,and 0.86,respectivity.Conclusions The level of AGEs is significantly correlated with atherosclerosis and prognosis in DM.The severity of CAD was higher in the patients with higher AGEs,and the incidence and severity of restenosis increased.

OBJECTIVETo culture and amplify the young rabbit's bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro, and to observe the effect of hypothermia on the cells' growing behavior and biological function.

METHODSBMSCs were acquired from the rabbit' tibia bone marrow and induced to mature osteoblasts in vitro. The cultured cells growing well in vitro were preserved in liquid nitrogen. The anabiotic cells having cryopreserved for 1 week were chosen as the experimental group, and the routine 7th generation as the control group. Their biological function in comparion by the examination of morphological changes, cells' proliferation ability, colone forming ratio, synthesis ability of ALP and protein, mineralized nodes forming ability were observed.

RESULTSAs contrast to the control groups, the anabiotic cells also grew and proliferated well in vitro except a little more slowly than before. They had the similar general shape in all the time segments, but a little differences in cells' ultrastructure. The experimental groups also had the typical characters of mature osteoblasts, and high abilities of the synthesis of ALP and proteins. The statistic data showed that these two groups had no significant difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe cryopreserved osteoblasts had the same biological functions and the similar growing behaviors as before. These results suggest that it is practical to use the cryopreserved osteoblasts for further study on bone tissue engineering.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone and Bones ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; In Vitro Techniques ; Osteoblasts ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of diagnosis and surgical treatment for pulmonary and pleural aspergillosis.

METHODSThe clinical data of cases with pulmonary and pleural aspergillosis were analyzed retrospectively between September 1972 and June 2003. There were 53 cases with pulmonary aspergillosis and 3 cases with pleural aspergillosis. Aspergillus was found preoperatively in 8 patients by sputum culture (5 cases) or needle biopsy of the lung (2 cases) or fibro-bronchoscopic biopsy (1 case). All patients were treated with surgical procedures following X-ray film or CT scan.

RESULTSOf 53 cases with pulmonary aspergillosis, 42 lobectomies, 3 segment-Pneumonectomies, and 8 wedge resections were performed. Of three cases with pleural aspergillosis following eliminating their diseased foci in residual pleural space, two underwent thoracoplasty, one underwent postoperative closed chest drainage for one and an half month with fluconazole injected into residual pleural space repeatedly for 1 month (200 mg/100 ml, 1 time per 2 or 3 days). No operative death and major postoperative complications occurred. None of the patients had recurrent symptoms at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONWe recommend aggressive surgical resection for pulmonary and pleural aspergillosis, and the surgical result is excellent.

Adult ; Aged ; Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pleurisy ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracoplasty ; Treatment Outcome

To investigate the difference in absorptive of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) and l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) in rat intestine as well as the mechanism of the absorption of THP, in situ single pass perfusion model was used and the concentration of THP in perfusate was determined by HPLC. The absorption rate constant (k(a)) and effective permeability values (P(eff)) of THP had no significant difference (P > 0.05) at concentration of 8, 16 and 32 microg x mL(-1) in perfusion or in four different regions of intestine of rat (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon). The absorption of l-THP and THP in jejunum had significant difference (P < 0.05). The k(a) and P(eff) of THP increased obviously when verapamil was co-perfused with THP, while those of l-THP were not influenced by verapamil. The absorption of THP in intestine showed the passive diffusion process, and without a special absorption region. The stereoselective absorption difference may result from stereoselective combination of P-glycoprotein with d-THP.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Berberine Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Colon ; metabolism ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Female ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Jejunum ; metabolism ; Male ; Perfusion ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sex Factors ; Stereoisomerism ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

To evaluate the phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in patients with sensory exotropia subsequent to senile cataract. The authors prospectively studied the role of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation on 25 patients by observing visual acuity, ocular alignment, binocular vision and diplopia pre-, 1 month post- and 3 months post-operation. The patients underwent follow-up for three months. Postoperatively, one patient had a corrected visual acuity of 20/50, and 24 patients had 20/40 or better. The ocular alignment, binocular vision and diplopia were resolved spontaneously. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation performed together is effective on sensory exotropia subsequent to senile cataract.
Aged ; Cataract ; complications ; diagnosis ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exotropia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; methods ; Phacoemulsification ; methods ; Recovery of Function ; Treatment Outcome ; Vision Disorders ; diagnosis ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo evaluate serum-vascular endothelial growth factor (S-VEGF) in the differentiation of solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN).

METHODSSerum level of VEGF of 68 patients with SPN was measured by ELISA kit, and compared with the control group of 20 normal subjects. The nodules were diagnosed by operation and pathology.

RESULTSThe median level of S-VEGF was 42.5 (range from 10 to 170) pg/ml in the control, 44 (range from 18 to 360) pg/ml in benign nodule group and 75 (range from 18 to 890) pg/ml in lung cancer group, with significant difference observed between the nodule group and control (P < 0.01), and between the lung cancer group and the benign nodule group (P < 0.05), but not between the benign nodule group and the control. In addition, when S-VEGF in different pathologic types of the limited number of lung cancer patients were compared, no significant difference was observed.

CONCLUSIONS-VEGF is valuable in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodule. An elevated S-VEGF level >or= 100 pg/ml in patients with SPN may strongly speak for a malignant nodule. Operation is suggested.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; blood ; blood supply ; diagnosis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood