Advanced in medical and surgical management have led to reduce mortality in children with congenital heart disease(CHD).However,more recent and ongoing research had been focused on neurodevelopmental outcome.With the improved survival in children follo-wing surgery for cardiac malformations,increased emphasis had being placed on neurological sequelae,especially on cognitive function.Car-diac surgery couldn't correct cognitive disorder,more and more findings suggested that the cognitive disorder of CHD might be the result of utero injury.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):61-64

HIV-1 integrase enzyme is a 32kDa protein encoded by HIV pol gene. It is responsible for integration of viral cDNA into host chromosomal DNA, which is indispensable for HIV replication.Since there was no functional equivalent for this enzyme in human cells, inhibition of integrase will bring little side effect to human body. Thus HIV integrase has become an attractive and rational target for therapy of AIDS after reverse transcriptase and protease.The Recent research on HIV-1integrase structure,inhibitors and new therapeutic method target at HIV integrase was reviewed.

Trehalose is a naturally occurring non-reducing disaccharide. This sugar has been known as a protector of biomembrane and macromolecules. And it has been widely used in foods, medicines, cosmetics. Trehalose synthase (TreS) is an intramolecular transglycosylase. It can catalyze the conversion of maltose into trehalose in one step. As the simple protocol and cheap substrate, it is very prospect in the industrial production. Here we have discussed the properties, catalytic mechanism and gene-engineering of TreS, and also proposed some solutions to its present research problems.

A great deal of comparisons on domestic standards for Orthopedic implants with ISO and ASTM standards have been presented, and some conclusions have been drawn: Domestic standards for orthopedic implants coincide with ISO and ASTM standards in the items of materials, geometry and classification. There are much bigger differences in some key performances of implants such as assembly, fatigue, wear and tear and so on. Some constructive ways have been suggested.
Materials Testing ; Orthopedic Procedures ; standards ; Prostheses and Implants ; standards

The clinical failure factors of Orthopedic implants which happened recent years have been summarized. The main failure factors are quality of orthopedic implants itself, iatrogenic and patient-derived. The ways to preventive measures have been suggested.
Orthopedic Procedures ; instrumentation ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Failure

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of interim and post-therapy 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 44 patients with newly diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma who underwent interim (after 3 cycles of chemotherapy,27 cases) or posttherapy PET-CT (after the completion of first-line therapy,35 cases).Interim and posttherapy PET-CT status (positive vs negative) was visually interpreted according to criteria of the International Harmonization Project,and PET-CT status was assessed for its ability to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results Interim 18F-FDG PET-CT results were positive in 16 cases and negative in 11 cases.The median PFS and OS in the patients with positive results were 8 months and 14 months,respectively,while those in patients with negative results were 30 months and 39 months,respectively.The 2-year PFS and 3-year OS rates in patients with positive results at interim PET-CT were 18.8 ％ (3/16) and 12.5 ％ (2/16),respectively,while those in patients with negative results were 90.0 ％ (10/11) and 63.6 ％ (7/11),respectively (x2 =13.092,P =0.000; x2 =7.386,P =0.007,respectively).Posttherapy 18F-FDG PET-CT results were positive in 14 cases and negative in 21 cases.The median PFS and OS in patients with positive results were 10 months and 22 months,respectively,while those in patients with negative results were 26 months and 38 months,respectively.The 2-year PFS and 3-year OS rates in patients with positive results at posttherapy PET-CT were 7.1％ (1/14) and 14.3 ％ (2/14),respectively,while those in patients with negative results were 76.2 ％ (16/21) and 57.1％ (12/21),respectively (x2 =15.574,P =0.000;x2 =6.245,P =0.012,respectively).Conclusion Both interim PET-CT status and posttherapy PET-CT status have significant value in monitoring response to therapy and predicting prognosis for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

OBJECTIVETo clone and produce ribosome inactivating protein MAP30 from the seeds of Momordica charantia L(bitter melon), and to evaluate the biological activity of the recombinant protein.

METHODSThe DNA sequence encoding MAP30 was cloned from the fresh seeds of Momordica charantia by PCR, the target DNA fragments were sequenced after T-A cloning. The expression plasmid was constructed by inserting the MAP30 fragment into vector pET30a. MAP30 was expressed in E.coli by addition of IPTG into final concentration of 1.0 mmol/L. The recombinant MAP30 was identified by SDS-PAGE, and the biological activity of MAP30 protein was evaluated by using MTT assay in cancer cells and normal cells following fluid-phase endocytosis.

RESULTThe nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the cloned MAP30 were identical with those of reported MAP30. The solubility of recombinant protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and the MAP30 was mainly produced in soluble form. The recombinant MAP30 showed a greater cytotoxicity to cancer cells than that to normal cells.

CONCLUSIONThe gene of MAP30 has been successfully cloned.The recombinant MAP30 protein expressed by E.coli is bioactive.

Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Momordica charantia ; chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Transformation, Bacterial

Objective To study the beneficial effect and mechanism of Alcea rosea roots in nephrolithiasis model in-duced by 1%ethylene glycol in rats. Methods We randomly divided 60 male Wistar rats into six groups,including control group, model group, Alcea rosea roots lower-dose preventive group, Alcea rosea roots high-dose preventive group, Alcea ro-sea roots lower-dose curative group, Alcea rosea roots high-dose curative group. Control group was free to access food and water;model group was given 1%ethylene glycol drinking water and was fed with normal diet, preventive group was given 1%ethylene glycol drink and Alcea rosea roots in low (250 mg/kg) or high dose (500 mg/kg) each day, curative group re-ceived 1%ethylene glycol drink each day and Alcea rosea roots in low or high dose from day 15 to day 28. At the end of the experiment, various renal functional and injury markers such as urine volume, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, urea, creati-nine, and oxalate were evaluated using urine, serum, and kidney homogenates. The kidneys were removed and prepared for histological evaluation of calcium oxalate deposits. Results In model groups, urine output, urea, creatinine, 24 h urine Ca2+, and oxalate and MDA were increased compared to those in control group(P＜0.05). GSH and SOD were increased in preventative and curative groups compared to those in the model group(P ＜ 0.05). The urea, creatinine, 24 h urine Ca2+, urine oxalate, MDA were reduced in preventive and curative groups compared to those in the model group(P＜0.05). The number and size of calcium oxalate crystal deposits were also less and smaller, and the kidney damage was less severe in pre-ventive and curative groups compared to in the model group. Conclusion The extract of Alcea rosea roots can prevent and treat calcium oxalate urinary stone formation in rats and protect renal function.

In recent years, artificial intelligence(AI)technology has developed rapidly, and its practice and application in the medical field have brought new possibilities to the development of the medical industry. In the field of general ophthalmology, AI technology based on machine learning(ML)has greatly improved the efficiency of diagnosis, but less progress has been made in pediatric ophthalmology. At present, AI technology has been applied to the automatic detection of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), pediatric cataracts, inspection of strabismus and refractive error, prediction of high myopia in the future, diagnosis of dyslexia through eye tracking and research of ophthalmic images. This article reviews the current status, progress, and future development of AI in pediatric ophthalmology.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the operation method and prevention from complications of extracranial carotid stenosis.

METHODSThree cases of carotid angioplasty and stenting for 271 patients with extracranial carotid stenosis were performed from October 2001 to June 2008. Before the operation, take Clopidogrel for 75 mg/d, Aspirin Delayed-Release Capsules for 100 200 mg/d, Simvastatin for 40 mg 1/night, for 5 - 10 d. Then treat continuous vein infusion Heparin 50 mg/d for 2 d. After the operation, continue antiplatelet and reduce blood fat therapy.

RESULTSAll 300 carotid stenting were successfully accomplished. DSA showed that the diameter of stenosed segment of carotid artery was markedly enlarged, and all clinical ischemia signs were improved remarkably. Seven cases suffered from complications in one week after operation and one died. Following up 3 - 24 months in 226 patients, restenosis were found in 5 cases, among which 45 patients were evaluated at follow-up by means of ultrasonic examination for 36 months or so, no restenosis was found. No ischemic attack occurred at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe satisfactory effect and safety are achieved in the therapy of carotid stenosis by carotid angioplasty and stenting. Correct intraoperative treatment and skilled techniques are the key points of success.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Carotid Stenosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome