It is a consensus to place stent after cutting bile duct in the hepatobiliary surgery in the past.However,as the development of bile physiological research and surgical technique,especially the raise of medical concepts of rapid recovery,the negative effects which are caused by the placement of stent have been taken seriously gradually.Up to now,whether the stent should be placed after the bile duct is cut has no definite answer yet.

Balloon tamponade hemostasis has been applicated for 50 years,and its appropriate usage can obtain exact curative effect with less adverse reactions.In recent years,with the continuous improvement in surgical therapy,balloon tamponade technique in treating various types of bleeding has accumulated many successful experiences.This paper intends to review the advances in balloon compression technology for recent years.

Long-term outcomes of surgical bile duct injury (BDI) repair are affected by multiple factors, such as surgeon's experience, severity of BDI, pathological changes of the proximal duct, and the manner and timing of surgical repair. However, the timing of BDI repair is still controversial still. In this article, the authors reviewed the correlation of pathophysiologic changes of the proximal duct, repair timing and outcome discussed in English references. It was shown that pathophysiologic changes of the proximal duct are a major contributor to the timing of BDI repair.

Objective: To investigate the relationship among personality traits,motive of Internet use and tendency of Internet Addiction.Methods: Scale of Internet use,NEO-PI-R and Chinese Internet Addiction Scale(CIAS) were administrated to 207 university and high school students.Results: ①Tendency of Internet addiction was significantly correlated positively with openness(O)and agreeableness(A),and negatively with neuroticism(N).②Tendency of Internet addiction showed significant difference among motive of entertainment,study,information and intercommunication,and those who had higher tendency of Internet addiction would have stronger motive.③Internet addiction could be validly predicted by motive of information,entertainment and personality traits of neuroticism(N).Conclusion: Tendency of Internet addiction is affected by personality traits and motive of Internet use.

Objective To evaluate the effect of omeprazole in preventing treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage with stress ulcer bleeding. Methods A total of 100 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were treated with conventional therapy including dehydration, antihypertensive and supporting treatment. The patients were randomly divided into omeprazole group(n=50) and control group( n = 50). The control group received conventional therapyonly, while the omeprazole group received additional omeprazole 40mg, iv, qd, for 14d. Results Omeprazole group stress ulcer 6 eaess(12.0% ) was significantly lower than the control group 12 cases(24.0% );two groups stress ulcer incidence of severity are increasing with the increase of the disease; the mortalities of cerbral hemorrhage were 6.0 % in the omeprazole group and 16.0 % in the control group and the difference had significant meaning(P＞0.05). Conclusion Omeprazole has significant beneficial effect in preventing upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage after hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms for differentiated thyroid cancer by using CIK and IL-2, to find out the better adjunctive clinical therapies for thyroid cancer patients after operation, and to evaluate the effects of cytokine-induced kill cell (CIK) and IL-2 on the secretion of thyroxine by thyroid papillary carcinoma. Methods The samples of thyroid papillary carcinoma were taken from the excised tissues of patient with thyroid cancer, and then dispersed with collagenase and trypsin for culturing. The carcinoma cells were then seeded in 24-well cell culture plates at 37℃, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity for 3 days. At the fourth day, the cells in the wells were separately stimulated four times with different dosage of CIK and IL-2, and the stimulation lasted for 72 hours each time. 12 days later, the solution of T3, T4 was detected with radio-immunity kits, TSH was detected with immuno-radiation kits, and the cell proliferation was detected with mono-nuclear cell direct cytotoxicity assay. Results The thyroid cancer cells did not respond to IL-2 in median and low concentrations, but responded to IL-2 in a higher concentration which may depress the secretary function of thyroid cancer cells. IL-2 of high concentrations can obviously decrease the hormone secretion, such as Thyroxine and Thyrotropin, of papillary carcinoma, and improve the CIK's ability of killing cancer. CIK can kill the cancer cells only when companied with IL-2. Conclusion IL-2 of high concentrations can't inhibit the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, but can depress the secretary function of thyroid cancer cells, which is different from the killing mechanism of CIK.

[Objective]Tibial plateau fracture may be combined with soft tissue injuries including menisci injuries, but what tibial plateau fractures influence on meniscus healing has never been reported. This study is to observe the influence on menisci healing caused by knee variation when tibial fracture occurred by making animal models.[Method]Lateral tibial plateau fracture models and non-full-thickness laceratin and perforation defect of menisci models were made in 12 New Zealand rabbits, along with control group without fractures. The differences of menisci healing between two groups were observed with morphological and light microscopic observation after 12 weeks.[Result]No menisci repair in avascular portion could be found in both groups, menisci laceration within vascular portion had repaired the fissures in both groups, and hardly been distinguished from normal tissue. Perforation defect in one third of lateral side coulc be partially filled with protein clot in tibial plateau fractures group.[Conclusion]No evidence revealed that fracture could prevent menisci healing when tibial plateau fractures combined with menisci injury, however, defects of menisci may get advantage of filling tissue from fracture. It still need further research whether it is good for menisci healing or not.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the effect addition of albumin to the extracorporeal circulation (CPB) in patients undergoing valve replacement. Methods 62 patients under 60 years of age, with the blood level of albumin nearly normal, undergoing mitral valve replacement or aortic valve replacement were randomly divided into two groups. In 34 patients albumin was added to the priming fluid of extraporeal circulation, and in 28 patients it was not. The pre-operative and postoperative serum albumin levels, the duration of assisting ventilation, and the amount of albumin needed between the time of operation to 7 am of the first postoperative day were compared. In both groups the primary priming fluid consisted of balanced electrolyte solution, hydroxyethyl starch, 5% sodium bicarbonate, and 25% mannitol. Results All the indexes, including the preoperative level of albumin, the amount of albumin needed from operation to 7 am of the first postoperative day, and the albumin level at 7 am of the first postoperative day showed no notable differences. Conclusion For patients with no hypoalbuminemia, mitral valve replacement or aortic valve replacement is safe to withhold the addition of albumin to the priming fluid for CPB.

In order to elucidate the mechanism of liver damage due to acute biliary sepsis,the changes of hepatocyte mitochondria were observed during biliary sepsis in the rat.The accompanied liver function changes were also studied.Mitochondrial calcium content,and lysosome fragility of the hepatocytes,lipid peroxide (LPO) level of liver tissue,ornithine carbamoytransferase (OCT),mitochondrial glulamicoxloacetic transaminase (m-GOT),and hepa-toplastin were determined.It was found that there were overloading of calcium in mitochondria,increase of lysosome fragility,and accumulation of LPO in the liver.These events would result in adverse effects on mitochondrial function.The activity of serum OCT and m-GOT was significantly increased,which suggests that mitochondria are seriously damaged since the 2 enzymes mainly come from hepatocyte mitochondria.And the liver reserving function declined progressively.Our study indicates that mitochondrial damage does exist during acute biliary sepsis,which might play an important role in liver damage.

The phagocytic function of Kupffer cells (KC) during acute obstructive cholangitis was observed in 244 Wistar rats.The rats were killed in the 6th,12th,24th,and 48th hour after operation,and the uptake of colloidal carbon by KC,plasma endotoxin and fibronectin(Fn)were determined and the morphology of KC was observed.It was found that in the rats with acute obstructive cholangitis,the phagocytic function of KC and plasma Fn significantly elevated in the 6th hour and markedly reduced in the 48th hour after operation as compared with those of the control (P