Objective To investigate the relationships of suicide risk and its associated risk factors in adult patients with epilepsy.Methods All 211 adult patients with epilepsy from the epilepsy clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,were enrolled to evaluate the presence of suicide risk and depressive disorder by using the suicide module and the depressive disorder module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).Demographic variables for age,gender,employment status,marital status,years of education,and seizure factors for age of onset,types of seizure,seizure frequency and epilepsy duration,result of MRI and types of antiepileptic drugs were also recorded.We compared the differences of risk factors between the two groups with or without suicide risk and investigated the relationships between the depressive disorder and suicide risk.Results The suicide risk of the patients was 21.3％ (45/211),and 17.1％ (36/211) of the patients had depressive disorder.The suicide risk of the epilepsy patients associated with depressive disorder was 75.0％ (27/36),and the suicide risk of the epilepsy patients associated with no depressive disorder was 10.3％ (18/175).There was statistical difference between the two groups (x2 =74.525,P ＜ 0.01).About 60.0％ (27/45) of the patients with suicide risk was accompanied with depressive disorder.As suicide risk increased,the proportion of concurrent depressive disorder elevated.There was significant statistical difference in the rates of depressive disorder among the different suicide risk groups.Conclusions The patients with epilepsy have suicide risk.The suicide risk is higher in patients with depressive disorder.

Objective To evaluate DWI in the assessment of viability of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) by comparing DWI with PET-CT results. Methods 18-fluorodeoxy glucose(18F-FDG) PET-CT and DWI(b values=0, 800 s/mm2) were retrospectively analyzed in 8 patients with clinically verified HAE. The metabolic activity of HAE lesions in both techniques were determined by two independent radiologists respectively. Kappa test was assessed between the results of two observers. Results Sixteen lesions (composed of 14 HAE and 2 cystic echinococcosis, CE) were detected. (1)Eight lesions (≥2 cm) showed perilesional hyper-signal intensity on DWI, mainly around the lesion bounding by normal liver parenchyma. One patient (≥2 cm) had oral drug therapy for three years, and the lesion showed discontinuous perilesional hyper-signal intensity on DWI after the therapy. Five lesions (<2 cm) were depicted as nodular high signal on DWI.(2)Eight lesions (≥2 cm) showed perilesional increased FDG uptake on PET-CT, while 5 lesions (<2 cm) displayed as“hot pot”. One patient (leison≥2 cm) who had oral drug therapy for three years showed hepatic defect without any FDG uptake in post-treatment PET-CT. Two CE lesions showed negative results on both DWI and PET-CT. The Kappa value of 0.880 indicated a good coincidence between DWI and PET-CT in depicting the metabolic activity of HAE (P=0.006). Conclusions This preliminary study showed the value of DWI in assessing HAE viability. DWI should be routinely used as one of the techniques in the evaluation of HAE.

Objective:To explore the method of establishing a modified demyelination and myelination regeneration model induced by dicyclohexanone oxalyl dihydrazone (CPZ) in mice with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to analyze the image markers of demyelination and myelination regeneration in mouse MS model.Methods:After the intragastrically administered with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) for one week, a total of 30 C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into the control group ( n=10), the demyelination group ( n=10), and the remyelination group ( n=10). The mice of the control group were immediately performed MR scanning and pathological specimen obtaining; the mice in the demyelination group were administered with intragastrical CPZ-CMCNa once a day for 6 weeks for inducing demyelination, then received MR scanning and specimen obtaining with the same protocols used in control group; the mice in the remyelination group were administered with intragastrical CPZ-CMCNa once a day for six weeks for demyelination, then CPZ was withdrawn and normal diet was given for another four weeks. Then MR scanning and specimen obtaining were performed with the same protocols used in the other two groups. Regions of interest (ROIs) were set at the rostrum of corpus callosum (rCC), the bilateral normal appearing white matters (NAWM) of the rostrum of corpus callosum, and the bilateral cerebral cortex (Cx). The normalized T 2WI (T 2-normalized), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values were compared among the three groups by one-way ANOVA. Results:The demyelination and remyelination mice model of MS were successfully established. The T 2-normalized values of rCC in control group, demyelination group and remyelination group were 0.47±0.03, 0.72±0.04, 0.54±0.04, respectively, with statistically significant difference found ( F=90.511, P<0.05). Post-hoc multiple comparisons showed significant differences among those groups ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference of T 2-normalized value in NAWM and Cx among the three groups ( P>0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences in the FA values (0.36±0.04, 0.29±0.03, and 0.32±0.05), the MD values [(0.572±0.015), (0.598±0.034), and (0.626±0.043)×10 -3 mm 2/s], the AD values [(0.79±0.04), (0.77±0.06), and (0.83±0.04)×10 -3 mm 2/s], and the RD values [(0.46±0.02), (0.51±0.03), and (0.53±0.05)×10 -3 mm 2/s] of rCC of the control group, the demyelination group, and the remyelination group (all P<0.05). Significant difference was found in FA values between the demyelination group and the control group ( P<0.05), and in MD values between the remyelination group and the control group ( P<0.05), as well as in AD values between the remyelination group and the demyelination group ( P<0.05). There were also significant differences in RD values between the remyelination group and the control group, and the demyelination group and the control group (all P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in all diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics of NAWM and Cx among the three groups (all P>0.05). The LFB-eosin staining showed that the myelin sheath of rCC was lost in the demyelination group, and the rCC was partially regenerated and repaired in the remyelination group. Conclusion:The modified CPZ-CMCNa model can selectively induce demyelination and remyelination of rCC, and the changes of demyelination and remyelination of rCC in the modified CPZ-CMCNa model can be quantitatively detected by T 2WI combined with DTI, which might provide related theoretical basis for the study on dynamic changes of MS lesions.

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common cause of hip pain and limited range of motion among young and middle-aged active adults and athletes. The acetabular labral tear and cartilage damage secondary to FAI may increase the risk of hip osteoarthritis. FAI is characterized by pathologic impact between the femoral headneck junction and the acetabular rim secondary to bony deformity. According to the pathological anatomy leading to impingement, the FAI can be divided into the femoral cam-type deformity (Cam), the acetabular over-coverage deformity (Pincer) and a combination of both. In recent years, arthroscopic osteoplasty of the femoral head-neck junction is the main way to treat the Cam deformity; However, there still remain some controversies about how to perform an adequate and effective arthroscopic femoroplasty. Based on this problem, the present article reviewed the preoperative diagnosis, intraoperative evaluation, surgical techniques and postoperative evaluation of Cam-type FAI to explore how to adequately correct Cam deformity under arthroscopy. In the present study, a total of 1928 related articles were obtained by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Full-text Database and Weipu Science and Technology Journal Database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 43 papers were finally included. After summarizing the above literatures, it was found that anatomical structures such as Cam deformity, femoral neck anteversion, and acetabular coverage can be evaluated preoperatively by X-ray, three-dimensional CT and MRI. X-ray fluoroscopy and arthroscopic dynamic examination are performed during the femoroplasty to locate the Cam deformity and to determine whether the femoral neck offset radio and the spherical structure of femoral head are corrected, at the same time, it is necessary to consider the overall anatomy of the hip joint to achieve an adequate resection of the Cam deformity and restore the normal mobility of the hip joint.

Objective To observe the early changes of related indexes after high dose of 60Co γ-ray irradiation on rhesus monkey hematopoietic system.Methods A total of 33 rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into normal control and different irradiation control group,rhesus monkeys in irradiation control group were given different doses(4,8,12 Gy) irradiation to establish acute radiation sickness(ARS) models.XE-2100 automatic blood cell analyzer detected the peripheral blood before and after the irradiation of 3,6,9,12,24,48,80 h.The rhesus monkeys were sacrificed to have a observation of sternum pathological changes at 6,48 and 80 h after 4,8,12 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation.Results The number of white blood cell in peripheral blood of the rhesus monkeys after 4 and 8 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation were lower than that before irradiation at 3 h after irradiation,as was significant increased at 6 h after irradiation,the highest values were 136.04%.and 221.38% after 9 h(with before irradiation values was 100.00%,the same below),become obviously drooped from 12 h after irradiation,show clearly temporary peak.But the number of white blood cell after 12 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation was significant increased at 6 h after irradiation,at the highest of 9 h,become obviously drooped from 12 h after irradiation.Peripheral blood neutrophile count was significant increased at 6 h after irradiation,at the highest of 9 h,become obviously drooped from 12 h after irradiation.Peripheral blood lymphocyte count fell sharply after irradiation,3 h detection value was only 12.02%-25.04% of before irradiation.Sternal bone marrow nucleated cell number decreased sharply after irradiation,the more irradiation dose,the less residual hematopoietic cells.Conclusion In the early stage of BM-ARS,temporary peaktime node of the white blood cell and neutrophil count could be regarded as the best delivery time of hematopoietic cytokine therapy.

Objective:To investigate the significance and mechanism of ten-eleven translocation (Tet1) against Mycobacterium marinum ( Mm) infection in mice. Methods:SPF wild-type C57BL/6 and Tet1-knockout (Tet1KO) mice were injected intravenously with Mm. All mice were monitored and the abscesses formed in tail were observed and quantified. Pathological changes in mouse tail tissues were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy and the differences between the two groups were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression and distribution of TNF-α and TGF-β in mouse tail tissues. Moreover, mouse tail tissues were cultured on 7H10 plates for bacterial counting. The expression of NF-κBp65 and TGF-β was detected by Western blot. Results:Obvious lesions including abscesses and ulcers were formed in the Mm-infected C57BL/6, but only scattered small abscesses were observed in Mm-infected Tet1KO mice. During Mm infection, the bacterial load was gradually increased in C57BL/6 mice, but decreased in Tet1KO mice. Histopathological examination showed that obvious inflammatory cell infiltration and typical granulomatous lesions were found in Mm-infected C57BL/6 mice, while no significant inflammatory cell infiltration was detected in Mm-infected Tet1KO mice. Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β was lower in Mm-infected Tet1KO mice than in Mm-infected C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, the expression of phosphorylated NF-κBp65 and TGF-β was significantly reduced in Mm-infected Tet1KO mice as compared with that in Mm-infected C57BL/6 mice. Conclusions:Deletion of Tet1 could alleviate the inflammatory damage mediated by Mm and enhance the host immune response to bacteria.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the effect of inflammation and coronary atherosclerotic plaque destabilization in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

METHODSTwenty-eight patients with ACS and 13 patients with stable angina pectoris (SA) were examined by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Coronary plaque morphology and areas in culprit lesions were analyzed. The serum levels of hs-CRP, MMP-9, TIMP-1, sCD40L were also measured.

RESULTSSoft plaques were dominant in culprit lesions of ACS patients (71.4%, 20/28), and hard plaques were dominant in culprit lesions of SA patients [76.9% (10/13), P = 0.004]. At the culprit site, plaque area, plaque burden and remodeling index were all significantly larger in culprit lesions of ACS patients than those of SA patients (all P < 0.05). Positive remodeling was more frequent in ACS patients than in SA patients, whereas negative remodeling was more frequent in SA patients (P < 0.05). The serum levels of hs-CRP, MMP-9, sCD40L were higher in ACS group compared with SA group (P < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, hs-CRP level was positively correlated with MMP-9 (r = 0.671, P = 0.000) and sCD40L (r = 0.494, P = 0.008), respectively, in ACS patients. There was no difference in TIMP-1 between two groups (P = 0.234).

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that structurally vulnerable plaques are essential element in the pathogenesis of ACS and inflammation might play an important role in plaque vulnerability.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; CD40 Ligand ; blood ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

The aim of study was to investigate the injury of bone marrow microenvironment after γ ray irradiation conditioning in mouse allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The mononuclear cells collected from mice bone marrow for culture in vitro, were identified by flow cytometry with double staining when cultured for 5 - 7 days. Mice were separated randomly into 4 groups, namely, the control group, irradiation group, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation group and irradiation combined EPC transplantation group. Peripheral blood was collected to assay the circulating white blood cells. The histological, electron microscopic and immunofluorescence analyses of bone marrow were performed in the same time, furthermore the distribution of labeled EPC was determined. The results showed that EPC were identified as CD45(low/-)CD133(+)CD31(+), double positive of Dil-Ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1. The bone marrow microenvironment injury of recipient mice was shown in the irradiation group in which the number of WBC began to decrease after conditioning, and the mice were all died at 8 days (p < 0.05). The intramedullary hemorrhage could be detected by light microscopy at 3 days after irradiation, when the destruction of connection between endothelial cell and the basement membrane was observed by TEM. There were CFSE labeled cells in bone marrow in irradiation combined EPC transplantation group at 18 hours after transplanted cultured EPC in vitro, the number of CFSE(+) cells was 58-folds of EPC transplantation group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the irradiation can cause the severe endothelium injury that drives extrinsic EPC homing to the injured bone marrow microenvironment.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Gamma Rays ; adverse effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Transplantation Conditioning ; adverse effects

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients infected with novel coronavirus Omicron variant in Shanghai, as to provide a reference for epidemic prevention, clinical diagnosis, and treatment.Methods:Altogether 4 264 novel coronavirus Omicron variant-infected patients with positive results of nucleic acid admitted to Shanghai New International Expo Center N3 Mobile Cabin Hospital from April 2 to May 7, 2022, were included. The demographic and baseline clinical characteristics, treatment strategy, prognosis, and different factors affecting the length of hospital stay were analyzed.Results:A total of 4 264 novel coronavirus variant Omicron-infected cases were collected, including 3 111 cases (73.0%) asymptomatic infections and 1 153 cases (27.0%) mild infections. The overall median age was 45 (33, 55) years old with a range from 2 years old to 81 years old. The male to female ratio was 1.37∶1. Altogether 3 305 cases (77.5%) had been vaccinated, of which 3 166 cases completed more than 2 doses. The upper respiratory tract symptoms such as cough and expectoration were the most common clinical manifestations of these infected patients. During the course of the disease, patients with asymptomatic infection were mainly treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM, 55.1%) and clinical observation (36.8%), and those with mild infection were mainly treated with TCM (42.2%) or integrated Chinese and Western medicine (30.4%). All patients were cured and discharged. The overall median length of hospital stay and the negative conversion time of nucleic acid were 9 (6, 10) days and 8 (5, 9) days, respectively. Compared with the asymptomatic infected patients, the hospitalization duration and the nucleic acid negative conversion time of the mildly infected patients were slightly longer [days: 10 (8, 11) vs. 9 (5, 10); 8 (6, 10) vs. 7 (4, 9), both P < 0.001]. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the increasing age and mild infection were associated with longer hospitalization duration, and the treatment of TCM or integrated Chinese and Western medicine was associated with shortened length of hospital stay (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The current novel coronavirus Omicron variant epidemic in Shanghai mainly caused asymptomatic and mild infections. The young and middle-aged population had a relatively high infection rate. The upper respiratory tract symptoms such as cough and expectoration were the most common clinical symptoms. Elderly and confirmed patients had prolonged hospitalization duration, while for patients receiving TCM treatment, the hospitalization duration was shortened.

OBJECTIVETo study the allergen in key processes during the production of Fufang Kushen injection by IgG promoter-HepG2 cells in vitro.

METHODBy transfecting a IgG promoter-regulating the expression of green fluorescent protein(GFP) plasmid into HepG2 cells, this transferred cells were incubated with common allergens (like puerarin, ovalbumin, LPS or Sal typhoid vi polysaccharide vaccine), excipients using in Fufang Kushen injection (NaOH, acetic acid, Tween-80 and ethanol) and samples from the key production processes of the injection for 30 minutes . Fluorescent photographs were analyzed the fluorescence intensity of the cells by using an image analysis software.

RESULTAll of common allergens significantly increased the IgG expression. Two of the excipicents, acetic acids and Tween-80 were shown to increased the IgG expression, while others had no effect on IgG expression. In the 8 samples from the key processes in the production of Fufang Kushen injection, two of them stimulated IgG expression.

CONCLUSIONIgG promoter-HepG2 cells are highly sensitive and specific to allergens, and thus can be applied to rapid screening of allergens in components and injections in transcriptional level. It is possible to use the IgG-promoter HepG2 cells in a real-time monitoring of allergens in the production processes of Chinese medicine injections.

Allergens ; analysis ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Gene Expression Regulation ; immunology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Quality Control