Objective To study the findings of brain metastases with MR perfusion weighted imaging(PWI).Methods PWI and conventional contrast MR were performed in 20 patients with brain metastases.The diameters of metastases were measured on conventional contrast MR images.The rCBV pseudo-color map was generated using packaged software FUNCTOOL and the rrCBV of peripheral and central part of lesions,perilesional edema were measured.Results 55 lesions were showed on conventional contrast MR images.On the rCBV pseudo-color map,19 lesions were inhomogeneously enhanced while the other 36 lesions were homogeneously unenhanced equal and to contralateral cortex.The diameters of the two groups were statistically different.Conclusion Brain metastases may have different features on PWI images,which are dependent on their sizes.

Objective To observe the distribution of blood vessels in tibial metaphysis in ovariectomized and control mice by micro-CT(?CT),and investigate the relationship between bone regional blood supply and osteoporosis. MethodsForty mice were randomly divided into ovariectomy group(n=20) and control group(n=20).Four weeks after operation,?CT analysis was conducted to observe the bone blood vessel distribution after silicone rubber perfusion,and bone mineral density measurement,?CT bone microarchitecture analysis and biomechanical test were performed. Results Bone mineral density,bone microarchitecture in ?CT analysis,biomechanical properties and bone blood vessel distribution in ?CT analysis of ovariectomy group were significantly lower than those of control group(P

Objective To evaluate factors associated with mechanical ventilation in infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery with pulmonary hypertension.Methods 161 Children who were ≤36 months of age, had congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension, and had been treated at our hospital between October 2011 and April 2013 were included in this retrospective study.Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to analyse the independent risk factors associated with mechanical ventilation (MV).Results The average of MV time was 40.9 h, the independent risk factors for MV were cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) time (P =0.020), risk adjustment for surgery for congenital heart disease (RACHS-1) (P =0.014) ,low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS) (P ＜0.001), ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) (P =0.001) and postoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion The present results suggest that CPB time,RACHS-1 score, LCOS, VAP and postoperative sPAP can significantly affect the MV time in infants and young children with pulmonary hypertension after cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with medication on continuing unovulation infertility.

METHODSFifty cases of continuing unovulation infertility were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with Chinese herbal decoction plus acupuncture. Culuanpao decoction, Cupailuan decoction and Cuhuangti decoction were respectively given according to different menstrual cycles and acupuncture and moxibustion at Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3), Luanchao (ovary), etc. The control group was treated with oral administration of Clomiphene and intramuscular injection of Chorionic Gonadotropin. They were treated for 6 cycles and the ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate were observed.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the ovulation rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The pregnancy rate of 44.0% in the observation group was significantly higher than 16.0% in the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group was superior to the control group in the score of mucus and the endometrial thickness.

CONCLUSIONBoth acupuncture combined with medication and oral administration of clomiphene plus intramuscular injection of chorionic gonadotropin have higher ovulation rate, and the former was higher than the latter in the pregnancy rate.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Ovulation ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate

Objective To investigate the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in Guide county of Qinghai province, in order to provide appropriate measures to monitor and control the disease. Methods Damo, Wenquan, Baoning villages(water source has been changed) and Taiping village(water source has not been changed) in Guide county were involved in the study in 2008. One tap water sample was collected in dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Water fluoride was tested in accordance with the "Standard Test Methods for Drinking Water" (GB/T 5750.5-2006); of all the children aged 8 to 12, dental fluorosis was diagnosed using Dean criteria; 6 copies of urine samples were collected in each age group, urinary fluoride was measured using fluoride ion-selective electrode (WS/T 89-1996). According to the "Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis "(WS 192-2008), clinical skeletal fluorosis was determined in adults over the age of 16 by X-ray examination for 10 people in each selected village. Results The mean water fluoride was 0.58,0.38,2.28,0.37 mg/L in Damo, Wenquan, Taiping, and Baoning villages, respectively, and that of Taiping village exceeded the national standard(1.0 mg/L). One hundred and ninety-three children aged 8-12 were checked, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 49.74% (96/193); urine samples of 116 children were tested, median urinary fluoride was 1.49 mg/L A total of 1503 adults over the age of 16 were examined, the clinical detection of skeletal fluorosis was 51.63%(776/1503); a total of 82 people were X-rayed, X-ray detection of skeletal fluorosis was 20.73%(17/82). The characteristic of X-rays were degeneration and ossification of interosseous membrane. Conclusions Prevalence of dental fluorosis of children and adult clinical skeletal fluorosis are higher. The endemic fluorosis is still comparatively serious. Prevention efforts need to be further strengthened.

Objective To observe the state of endemic flurosis, construction and running status of water improvement projects in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment fluorosis. Methods Water samples of the diseased and nondiseased villeges were collected from east, west, south, north and centre of each villege in 2005, and fluoride concentration was determined for each surveyed village with unimproved-water. At the same time, all the tap water and source water samples were collected to determine fluoride concentration in each water-improved village surveyed. In 2008, all the endemic fluorosis villages in Guied county were divided into slight, medium and heavy types according to the water fluoride content before water improved, and 1,1,3 survey villages were chosen from each type. In all of the village children aged 8 to 12 years were tested for dental fluorosis by Dean method. Six copies of the urinary fluoride were sampled in different age groups. The fluorine content in water and urine was determined by F-ion selective electrode. The situation of clinical skeletal fluorosis of adults over 16 years of age was investigated, 20 adults (evenly divided between men and women) in the villages of medium and heavy types were examined by X-ray for skeletal fluorosis. Results In 3 village fluoride content of drinking water exceeded the national drinking water standards ( <1.0 mg/L) of 85 surveyed villages with improved-water. Among the 16 projects, 8 were intermittently running and 3 were retired, leaving only 31.25% of the projects active. Theprevalence of enamel fluorosis was 41.13%( 116/282), that of skeletal flurosis was 47.95%(969/2021) and that of X-ray checked was 20.73% (17/82). The median of urine fluoride was 1.06 mg/L and the scope was 0.20 - 9.44 mg/L.Conclusions Most of the improved-water projects do not normally supply water in the disease ward of Guide county. Therefore, there is an increasing trend of the disease, so further control measures are needed.

Objective To compare dexmedetomidine with midazolam/fentanyl for sedation in children with pulmonary artery hypertension(PAH) after congenital cardiac surgery.Methods Forty children with PAH were randomly divided into two groups after congenital cardiac surgery.The age of children ranged from 3 to 89 months,and weight ranged from 3 to 26 kg.Group A received an infusion of dexmedetomidine(Dex) 0.5 - 1.0 μg/kg bolus for induction,then a maintenance dose of Dex 0.25 - 0.75 μg · kg- 1 · h - 1.Group B received an infusion of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg bolus for induction,then a maintenance dose of 0.5-2.0 μg·kg-1 ·min-1.The maintenance dose offentanyl was 1.0-1.5 μg·kg-1 · h-1.The time of target sedation score,duration of mechanical ventilation,frequency of using other sedatives and prevalence of delirium were compared between the two groups. Other indicators including COMFORT scale,heart rate ( HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse oxygen saturation ( SPO2 ) were compared between the two groups among following time points:before infusion,10 min,1 h,4 h,8 h,12 h after infusion.Results Time points after infusion had lower COMFORT scale significantly compared with time points before infusion(26.3 ± 7.3 ) in group A ( P ＜0.01 ),so as in group B while the COMFORT scale was 23.9 ± 5.9 before infusion.There was no statistics difference of the time to reach the target sedation score between group A and group B [ (4.4 ± 1.5 ) min vs (4.3 ± 1.9 ) min,P ＞ 0.05].The COMFORT scale had no statistic difference among the time points after infusion in the two groups.The COMFORT scale,HR,MAP and SPO2 had no statistic difference between goup A and goup B among time points before and after infusion.Frequency of using other sedatives were significantly lower in group A compare with group B (4.3 ± 3.3 vs 10.7 ± 5.5 ) ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The prevalence of delirium was significantly lower in group A than group B (25％ vs 60％ ) ( P ＜ 0.05).The duration of mechanical ventilation was lower in group A compare with group B [ (40.9 ± 22.3) h vs (46.1 ± 23.1 ) h] but there was no statistics difference.Conclusion Compare with midazolam/fentanyl,single use of dexmedetomidine had sound therapeutic effects to provide sedation for children with PAH,while the latter could decrease the frequency of using other sedatives and prevalence of delirium.

Objective To discuss the effects of acupuncture therapy on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with ischemic stroke; To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture therapy.Methods Ten is chemic stroke patients with hemiplegia limbs and ten matched control subjects were included. Treatment group was given anti-platelet aggregation, anticoagulation, and nutrition brain cell therapy. At the same time, acupuncture therapy was given, taking Jianyu, Quchi, Shousanli, Waiguan, Hegu, Zusanli, Fenglong, Yanglingquan, Sanyinjiao, and Taichong, with even reinforcing-reducing method, and retaining the needle 30 min, manipulating needle every 10 min, once a day, 5 times a week, needle stopping for 2 d, for continuous 30 d. The health group did not undergo any treatment. BOLD-fMRI imaging technique was used, and based on RSET1.8 software, the parameters of brain activity before and after treatment were observed by amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method. The Results were compared with healthy group. Results Before treatment, the ALFF value of left caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus in the treatment group was lower than that in the health group, and the ALFF value of bilateral precentral and postcentral gyrus, left grus frontalis superior, gyrus frontalis medius, gyrus temporalis medius and precuneus was higher than the health group (P<0.05). After treatment, the ALFF value in left caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus in the treatment group was higher than that before treatment, and the ALFF value in left gyrus frontalis superior, gyrus frontalis medius and precuneus decreased than before group (P<0.05).Conclusion In the resting state of the ischemic stroke patients with hemiplegia limbs, the principal injured brain regions are caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus. Acupuncture has a regulatory role for these brain areas, presumably may be the central mechanism of efficacy.

Objective The abnormal ankle-brachial index ( ABI) is associated with the incidence of cardiocerebral vascular diseases, but little is known about its relationship with cerebral microbleeds (CMB).This study aimed to investigate the correlation be-tween ABI≤0.9 and different distribution patterns of CMB . Methods We enrolled 187 patients with acute lacunar infarction , inclu-ding 115 non-CMB cases and 72 CMB cases (20 strictly lobar, 24 strictly deep, and 28 lobar and deep).We analyzed the differences between the two groups and the association of abnormal ABI with the occurrence and distribution of CMB by logistic regression analysis . Results ABI≤0.9 was found in 57 (30.5%) of the patients, with a significantly higher incidence rate in the CMB group than in the non-CMB group (43.1%vs 22.6%, P=0.003).The level of ABI was negatively correlated with the number of CMBs (r=-0.211, P=0.006).Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusted for confounders indicated that ABI ≤0.9 was significantly associated with the presence of CMB (OR=2.363;95%CI:1.181-4.729), deep CMB (OR=3.434;95%CI:1.283-9.187), and lobar and deep CMB ( OR=2.837;95%CI:1.098-7.333) in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease . Conclusion Decreased ABI is a risk factor of CMB, particularly deep CMB, in patients with ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of phosphorylated protein kinase C epsilon (pPKC epsilon) on apoptosis of 32D cells induced by sera from patients with aplastic anemia (AA).

METHODSThe expression of pPKC epsilon and apoptosis in 32D cells were measured by Western blotting and flow cytometry after incubation with sera from healthy individuals (controls, n = 8), patients with severe AA ( SAA, n = 8)and non severe AA (NSAA, n = 6).

RESULTSAfter incubation for 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours in the presence of serum and for another 4 hours in medium deprived of serum, the levels of pPKC epsilon in cells in SAA and NSAA group increased gradually, peaked at 24 hours, and then declined (P < 0.05). Compared with that in control group (0.54 +/- 0.08), pPKC epsilon was overexpressed in both SAA group (0.90 +/- 0.10) and NSAA group (0.64 +/- 0.08) (P < 0.05) after 24 hours incubation with serum and subsequent 4 hours without serum. pPKC epsilon level was higher in SAA group than in NSAA group (P < 0.05). A greater proportion of 32D cells showed apoptosis after 24 hours incubation with sera from SAA patients [(4.05 +/- 1.05)%] and subsequent 4 hours incubation without serum than that in controls [(2.45 +/- 0.51)%, P < 0.05], which was correlated with the same serum-induced expression of pPKC epsilon (r = 0.869, P < 0.05). Although the mean level of pPKC epsilon expression was higher in NSAA group than in control group, no significant difference of apoptosis was found between the two groups [(2.45 +/- 0.51)% vs (3.24 +/- 0.56)%, P > 0.05].

CONCLUSIONSera from both SAA and NSAA patients could upregulate the expression of pPKC epsilon in 32D cells. The SAA sera induce apoptosis in 32D cells significantly, but the latter do not.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; enzymology ; pathology ; Apoptosis ; Case-Control Studies ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon ; blood ; Young Adult