Stroke is one of the most important causes of disability throughout the world.Epide- miological and clinical studies have demonstrated that statins significantly decrease the incidence of ischemic stroke.In addition to lipid-lowering effect,statins may also have a number of other acting mechanisms that are not dependent on reducing cholesterol levels.Moreover,statins inhibit cerebral vasospasm caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage.For most of the individuals,the safety and tolerability of statins are well.

Objective To summarize the experience of the nursing care of indwelling catheter thrombolysis for acute thrombosis in the arteriovenous fistula in eight hemodialysis patients.Methods After breaking thrombus through indwelling catheter,both bolus injection and micro-pump continuous infusion of urokinase was employed in eight hemodialysis patients with acute thrombosis in the arteriovenous fistula.The necessary nursing measures were carried out to assist the whole therapeutic procedure.Results All the patients could well cooperate with the procedure of indwelling catheter thrombolysis and urokinase infusion.The reopening rate of the obstructed fistula was 100%.Conclusion Indwelling catheter thrombolysis with urokinase infusion is a simple,effective and safe treatment for acute thrombosis in the arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients.In order to obtain optimal results,necessary nursing measures must be carried out.

Objective To study the effect of mAbN1,a monoclonal antibody against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1(NR1)on Ca2+ influx after glutamate stimulation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.Methods Excitotoxicity was induced by glutamate in cultured hippocampal neurons.Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the changes in intracellular free calcium concentration([Ca2+]i)at the level of cultured hippocampal neurons following pretreatment with mAbN1 and MK-801.Intracellular free calcium was imaged after loading cells with the fluorescent dye indicator fluo-3/AM.Results Our findings indicate that as compared with MK-801,mAbN1 can more significantly attenuate the glutamate-induced [Ca2+]i increase,and it has no effect on [Ca2+]i in physiological condition.Conclusion mAbN1 may alter the secondary structure of NR,consequently influence Ca2+ influx in excitotoxicity process.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; prevention & control ; HLA Antigens ; immunology ; Haplotypes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; therapy ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy ; Survival Analysis ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the value of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MR) in diagnosis of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) in pediatric patients. Methods Totally 42 patients (aged from 9 months to 15 years) with secundum ASD proved with tansthoric echocardiographic (TTE) were evaluated with PC-MRI. Images of the flow through ASD were obtained with PC-MRI. The distances of ASD rim to superior vena cava (SVC), inferior vena cava (IVC), atrioventricular valves (AVV) and right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV), as well as the entrances of the vena cava and right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV) were assessed. Results The sizes of ASD and distances of ASD rim to the adjacent structures (SVC, RVC, AVV and RUPV) at PC-MRI were well consistent with those of TTE in 42 patients (P<0.001). PC-MRI results in 26 patients correlated well with surgical results (P<0.001). With different velocity encoding, compared with surgical results, measurements of ASD's sizes were more accurate when setting velocity from 50 to 70 cm/s than 90 cm/s. Conclusion The shape of ASD can be virtually depicted with PC-MRI. PC-MRI can accurately assess the defect size, number, rim distances to adjacent structures, therefore providing a new method for depiction of congenital heart anomaly.

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of gray-scale ultrasound on ovarian cystic teratoma.Materials and Methods 83 patients with primary diagnosis of ovarian cystic teratoma underwent gray-scale ultrasonography. The ultrasonic images were compared with postoperative pathologic results. Results 91 cases of 83 lesions were detected. The ultrasonic features were categorized into 6 types: cystoid, solid-like, intracystic dough sign, intracystic hair-ball, intracytic fat-fluid level, and intracytic cluttering sign. The diagnose accordance rate for each sign was 81.0%, 77.8%, 96.2%, 100% and 70.0% respectively. The diagnose accordance rate of ultrasonic diagnosis compared with pathologic results was 89.0% (81/91), and misdiagnosed rate and rate of missing diagnosis was 11.0% (10/91). Conclusion The ultrasonic features of ovarian cystic mature terotoma were of importance diagnostic value, whereas differentiation with ovarian chocolate cysts and ovarian mucus-cystic adenoma should be made cautiously.

AIM:To investigate protective effects of novel extract of Ginkgo biloba(nGBE) in different administration modes on glutamate-induced neuronal damage.METHODS: The values of Essential nGBE were obtained by supercritical CO_2 fluid extraction.Based on glutamate excitotoxicity of primary cultures from neonatal Wistar rats hippocampal,by use of Trypan blue dye staining,testing the lactate dehydrogenase leakage from cultured neurons and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL) method,we examined glutamate-induced necrosis and apoptosis.The protective effects of nGBE in different administration modes(pre-treatment and post-treatment) were adopted and compared with the NMDA receptor uncompetitive antagonist MK-801 in acute-treatment.RESULTS:Treatment with nGBE in two administration modes all could increase ratio of surviving neuron,decrease LDH efflux and reduce ratio of neuron apoptosis in different degree,and the benefit of pre-treatment was superior to post-treatment,but inferior to MK-801.CONCLUSION:The extracts of Ginkgo biloba used nowadays in cerebrovascular disease as post-treatment have no prominent effect as far as their mechanism of antiexcitotoxicity.However they may have more value if they were used for precautionary intervention in high-risk population.

Objective To find out a treatment with high remission rate,long living period,and a good quality of life for elderly patients with multiple myeloma.Methods All patients were recruited into a treatment group(treated with traditional Chinese medicine,routine chemotherapy,and thalidomide)and a comparison group(treated with traditional Chinese medicine and routine chemotherapy).Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 71.4%,higher than the comparison group(38.5%),but showing 110 statistical difference(P=0.128＞0.05).Median survive time of two groups were 21.8 months and 12 months respectively,(P=0.001＜0.01).The survival rate of 3 years and 5 years were 28.6%,15.4%and 7.1%,0 in the two groups respectively,without significant difference(0.317,1.000,both P＞0.05).Conclusion The treatment group showed higher results in both complete remission rate(CR)and very good partial remission rate(VGPR)than the comparison group,demonstrating a better results in improving the patient's quality of life.The treatment group also had a higher value of the median survive time and the median progression-free surial time than the comparison group.The combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine,routine chemotherapy and thalidomide is an ideal choice for both aged Patients or young MM patients who had no transplant conditions.

Objective To evaluate the clinic value of five different ultrasonographic fetal parameters for prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia.Methods Two hundred and seventy-one normal singleton pregnancies with well-established dates between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation were studied to establish normal reference range of five different ultrasonographic fetal parameters.The five parameters,which could reflect fetal lung mass,were as follows:lung area/body weight ratio,lung area,thoracic circumference/abdominal circumference ratio,lung area/thoracic area ratio and lung area/head circumference.Thirty pregnancies with risk factors for pulmonary hyperplasia were studied for the usefulness of five parameters.Two or more standard deviations below the mean control group measurement were considered abnormal.The prenatal ultrasonic diagnoses of pulmonary hyperplasia were confirmed at neonatal follow-up examinations,on autopsy and by pathologic findings.Results Lung area and lung area/head circumference increased with gestational age,lung area/body weight ratio decreased with gestational age.The relationships among the two ratios(thoracic circumference/abdominal circumference ratio,lung area/thoracic area ratio)and gestational age were relatively constant. Abnormal lung area/body weight ratio had a higher diagnostic accuracy than other parameters.Sensitivity of the parameters,including lung area,lung area/body weight ratio,thoracic circumference/abdominal circumference ratio,lung area/thoracic area ratio and lung area/head circumference were 83%,97%,50%,70% and 87%,respectively.Sensitivity of the lung area/bedy weight ratio was 95%(20/21 fetuses);specificity,9/9 fetuses;positive predictive value,100% (20/20fetuses);negative predictive value,9/10;and accuracy 97% (29/30 fetuses).Conclusion Lung area/body weight ratio is a good predictor of pulmonary hypoplasia.

Objective: To determine the anti rejection effects of CTLA 4 Ig fusion protein on cardiac allografts in mice and to discuss its mechanism in vivo . Methods: BALB/c recipients were performed cervical heterotopic heart transplantation to receive C57BL/6 donor hearts with a cuff technique. BALB/c recipients were intraperitoneally injected with CTLA 4 Ig [100 ?g/d?15 times], control immunoglobins and PBS to observe the survival time of allografts with ECG. The hyporesponsiveness of splenic T cell, the polarization of the T subsets were analyzed after the recipients treated with CTLA 4 Ig. Results: After treated with CTLA 4 Ig, the survival of cardiac grafts was significantly prolonged compared with the control groups, and more than 40% cardiac grafts survived over 2 months. The splenic T cells isolated from recipients did not respond to restimulation of donor splenocytes in MLR, but did exhibit the capacity to proliferate in response to C3H splenocytes(third party).The levels of IL 2 and IFN ? decreased and the level of IL 10 increased in CTLA 4 Ig treated mice. Conclusion: Administration of CTLA 4 Ig can induce donor specific tolerance, which induce T subsets to polarize toward Th2 subset and hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen, and prolong the survival time of the cardiac grafts effectively. [