In the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) overexpressing breast cancer,some patients have drug resistance to trastuzumab.Potential mechanisms of resistance to trastuzumab include impaired access of trastuzumab to Her-2 ; alternative signaling from insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R),hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) and so on; aberrant downstream signaling caused by loss of phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN);phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide gene (PIK3CA) mutation; over-expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and CD44. Additionally,potential strategies for overcoming resistance to trastuzumab include using new targeted medicines,such as pertuzumab,lapatinib and trastuzumab-DM1.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Sinusitis ; complications ; Smell

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Milk Banks ; Milk, Human ; North America

Dizziness ; classification ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Vertigo ; classification ; epidemiology

Objective To analyze the correlation between students' scores and master degree of knowledge points in the close examination of the unit introduction of nursing. Methods A classification decision tree model was used to analyze the relationship between students' achievement and knowledge points in 321 grade 2014 nursing students. Results There were 20 knowledge points in the paper, 7 of which had significant influence on scores; there were 27 nodes,16 of which were leaf nodes; the overall predicted percentage was 86.0%. Conclusions The total score is related to knowledge score; the total score of gifted students is higher;and for total score of medium students is medium;and for total score of poor is lower. Measures to reform teaching methods and evaluation scheme should be taken.

Monitoring data of antibiotic susceptibility from both home and abroad showed that carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are being on the rise,which represents an increasingly urgent clinical danger and an emerging public health concern worldwide.In order to effectively prevent CRE transmission in healthcare settings,we should not only pay high attention to the capability building of the laboratory of clinical microbiology,but also actively explore into the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.What's more,we should substantially raise the detection capacity of laboratory on CRE,effectively carry out the antimicrobial stewardship program,and strictly implement hand hygiene and contact precautions.(Chin J Lab Med,2013,36:300-302)

BACKGROUND:Bionic structure is one of the most important goals of scaffold design in tissue engineering. However, the majority of the bionic scaffolds do not have the capacity of sustained release of growth factors.
OBJECTIVE:To fabricate a novel biomimetic nanofibrous heparin/gelatin scaffold and investigate the characterization of the scaffolds including the microstructure, the mechanical strength andin vitro recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) release.
METHODS:Heparin-conjugated gelatin was prepared by chemical crosslinking and mixed with gelatin at different ratios. Nanofibrous composite scaffolds with different ratios of heparin-conjugated gelatin (0, 20% and 40%) were fabricated by using a thermaly induced phase separation combined with particle leaching technique. The amount of conjugated heparin in the scaffolds, scaffold microstructures and mechanical strength were detected and observed. The release kinetics of rhBMP-2 from the scaffolds with different concentrations of heparin conjugated gelatin was detected using ELISA method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The composite scaffolds possessed abundant porosities, good mechanical properties, and biomimetic nano-structures. The macroporous size was 250-420 μm. When the ratio of heparin-conjugated gelatin was 0, 20% and 40%, the content of heparin in the scaffolds was 0, (12.82±2.49) and (25.08±3.69) mg/g, respectively, with significant differences; the elastic modulus of the composite scaffolds was (299±38), (286±40) and (236±33) kPa, respectively, with insignificant differences (P > 0.05). With the increase in the content of heparin-conjugated gelatin, the rhBMP-2 adsorption capacity of the nanofibrous heparin/gelatin scaffold is improved, thereby significantly reducing the burst release of rhBMP-2 and prolonging the releasing time.

Objective To investigate and analyze the residents′knowledge and satisfaction on basic public health services in five districts of Gansu ,to judge the implementation effect of the current policy ,in order to provide the suggestion to improve the effect of the implementation of the policy of basic public health services .Methods Based on typical sampling method ,1 688 rural and urban residents had been investigated coming from five counties in Gansu by using questionnaires to survey .Results The de‐gree of residents′knowledge about the policy was low (57 .23% );the residents could know about the policy through a variety of ways ,and mainly for medical staff to promote by approaching their homes ;91 .94% of surveyed residents thought that policy service was more convenient when they were accepting ;90 .99% of surveyed residents thought that they satisfied with the service attitude of staff ;82 .35% of surveyed residents believed that the policy service effects was obvious ;90 .11% of surveyed residents overall satisfied with the service of policy .The above results were different in proportion in various counties(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The degree of residents′knowledge and satisfaction on basic public health services in five districts of Gansu still needs to be improved .

Airway obstruction in children is a rare,in recent years,with the development of CT technology and the development of fiber bronchoscopy,the number of cases of children with tracheal stenosis has increased year by year,but difficult clinical problem,with no clear agreement on optimal therapeutic approach.Stenting of the airway has been used successfully in adults,and is an attractive alternative in children.Fundamental differences of pediatric compared to adult use include the benign nature of most stenoses,the narrow and soft airways of children,the required long-term tolerance and adaptation to growth.So it is controversial in the indications.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the utilization and variation tendency of oral hypoglycemic agents in Wuhan area,and to provide reference for drug selection and enterprise production and sale. METHODS:The utilization of oral hypoglycemic agents in 34 hospitals from Wuhan area during 2011-2013 was analyzed statistically in respects of consumption sum,DDDs and DDC etc. RESULTS:The consumption sum and DDDs of oral hypoglycemic agents increased by 20% and 7% respectively year by year. Acarbose had a market share of over 40%. The drug use frequency of metformin ranked the second place only to acarbose. DPP-4 inhibitor had a promising future,with a consumption sum proportion of more than 10%,while the market share of traditional Chi-nese medicine had fallen below 3%. Except for repaglinide,gliclazide,glimepiride,Xiaoke pills,etc.,the selling of other medica-tions are consistent with the user. CONCLUSIONS:The utilization of oral hypoglycemic drugs is basically rational in 34 hospitals from Wuhan area during 2011-2013.