Sixty male SD rats were separately fed by normal diet or high-fat diet.After eight weeks of highfat diet,these rats were injected low dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg).Diazoxide or glipizide was administered to the diabetic rats for 4 weeks.The results showed that body weight,serum insulin,and insulin sensitive index were decreased in the obese diabetic rats while the fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,and triglyceride levels were increased compared with the high-fat diet group ( all P＜0.01 ).Consistent with the results of glipizide,diazoxide treatment lowered blood glucose,improved glucose tolerance,and decreased islet cell apoptosis compared with the diabetes mellitus group ( all P＜0.05 ).The results suggest that diazoxide can improve islet function of obese type 2 diabetic rats via decreasing insulin secretion and thus lessening the load on islet cells.

Objective: To study the influence of gallic acid (GA) on the migration of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells, and to explore its mechanism.Methods: The human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells were cultured and divided into control group and 3.125, 6.250, 12.500, 25.000, 50.000,100.000 mg·L-1 GA groups. The inhibitory rates of proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in various groups were examined by MTT assay;the migration abilities of SGC-7901 cells in various groups were measured with scratch assay;the expression levels of vascular of endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in various groups were detected by immunocytochemistry.Results: Compared with control group, the inhibitory rates of proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in different doses of GA groups were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner(F=59.451,P<0.01).Compared with control group, the wound healing rates in different doses of GA groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01).Compared with control group, the expression levels of VEGF protein in 12.500 and 25.000 mg· L-1 GA groups were decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion: GA could inhibit the proliferation and migration of SGC-7901 cells through down-regulating the expression levels of VEGF protein.

AIM: To investigate the expression of vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) in peripheral eosinophils of asthma patients and its relation with eosinophil activation.METHODS: 10 normal volunteers and 31 mild to moderate asthma patients were selected. Symptom severity, pulmonary function index, induced sputum eosinophil counts were recorded. Then, gene and protein expressions of VDUP1 and ?-actin were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, eosinophils were incubated with IL-5, both VDUP1 and ?-actin were amplified by RT-PCR. The eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) of supernatant and serum were also detected by ELISA assay. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in expression of VDUP1 in asthma attack patients without treatment compared with normal volunteers and patients in remission. In contrast, no significant difference between the patients in remission and normal volunteers was observed. In patients with asthma attacks, a negative relationship between expression intensity of VDUP1 and EOS% in induced sputum and serum ECP concentration was also observed. The expression of VDUP1 in eosinophils was decreased by IL-5 stimulation, simultaneously, the ECP in supernatant was increased. CONCLUSION: The expression of VDUP1 in eosinophils decreases in asthma patients, and is negatively associated with serum ECP and induced sputum EOS%. EOS activation by IL-5 may be related to VDUP1 pathway.

Objective To study the effects of rhubarb on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) sig-naling transducfon pathway in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP),and to investigate the treatment mecha-nism of rhubarb on SAP. Method One hundred SD rats were provided by from the Animal Center of Nanjing Uni-versity. All animals were randomly divided into sham operation (n=33), SAP (n=33) and rhubarb groups (n=34). SAP model was induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodittm taurocholate. Rhubarb was given with 10% rhubarb decoction (2 mi/100 g) at the time of pancreafitis induction in the rhubarb groups. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 h after the models were established,animals were killed. MAPK activity in pancreatic tissue was examined by West-em blotting and the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in pancreatic tissues were detected by RT-PCR. All data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and statistical differences between values from two sroups were determined by the Student's t -test. Results MAPK activity, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA levels in pancreatic tissues were signifi-cantly enhanced in the SAP group compared with the sham operation group (all P<0.01). Rhubarb treatment markedlyinhibited MAPK activation,TNF-α,IL 6 mRNA (all p<0.01). Conclusions Rhubarb can alleviate the inflammatory response of SAP by down-regulating MAPK activity.

Objective To analyze the changes of the intima-media thickness(IMT)of carotid and femoral arteries, serum advanced glycosylation end-products(AGEs),and AGEs soluble receptor(sRAGE)after intensively controlling blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid. Methods One hundred and thirty-two type 2 diabetic patients were divided into 3 groups and followed for 5 years: 20 patients were treated with intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure, 80 patients with intensive control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid; and 32 patients with conventional therapy. AGEs, sRAGE, and IMT of carotid and femoral arteries were measured and compared among different groups. Results The IMT of carotid and femoral arteries and serum level of AGEs were significantly decreased after intensive treatment. The ratio of sRAGE and HbA1C(sRAGE/HbA1C)were negatively correlated with the mean of HbA1Cin the past five years(r=-0.417, P＜0.001)and the fluctuation of HbA1C(r=-0.309,P＜0.001). Multinomial regression analysis showed that AGEs were the important risk factors of IMT of femoral artery(β=0.152,P=0.068). Conclusion Intensive treatment is significant in controlling the growing IMT of carotid and femoral arteries, while decreasing serum level of AGEs.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic and immunological effects of microwave ablation (MA) combined with CpG ODN in mice bearing transplanted colon carcinoma.

METHODSA mouse model bearing colon carcinoma was established by subcutaneously inoculating CT26 cells into the right flank of Balb/c mice. The tumor-bearing mice were randomized into control group with PBS injection in the peritumoral area, MA group, MA combinated with CpG ODN group, and CpG ODN group with CpG ODN injection in the peritumoral area. The tumor volume changes were observed, and serum CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) T lmyphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry after the treatments. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma were detected by ELISA. The mice in the MA group and the combined treatment group showing tumor regression were rechallenged with CT26 cells.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the number of serum CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), or CD3(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes between the 4 groups. The ratio of CD3(+)CD4(+)/CD3(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes in the combined treatment group and MA group were 1.58-/+0.10 and 1.53-/+0.13, respectively, significantly higher than that in PBS group and CpG ODN group (P<0.05). The serum concentration of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the combined treatment group were 64.6-/+7.4 pg/ml, 314.1-/+26.9 pg/ml and 61.9-/+7.3 pg/ml, respectively, significantly higher than those in the other 3 groups (P<0.05). The tumor formation rate in the combined treatment group was significantly lower than that in MA group (25.0% vs 75.0%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCpG ODN can enhance the immunity and decrease the tumor formation rate following a rechallenge with CT26 cells in mice treated with MA.

Ablation Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Colonic Neoplasms ; immunology ; therapy ; Female ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation

The plaque-forming characteristics of Newcastle disease viruses of chickens and geese source were compared on various cells. The result showed that there were obvious differences of plaque formation between F48E9 and NA-1 on Vero cells, chicken embryo fibroblast cells (CEF) and goose embryo fibroblast cells (GEF). The plaque-forming ability of NA-1 was higher than F48E9 on GEF, but lower than F48E9 on CEF. On Vero cells, the plaque-forming ability of NA-1 was slightly stronger than F48E9. It demonstrated that the plaque-forming characteristics were consistent with host tropism of virus. The morphogenesis of F48E9 and NA-1 on Vero cells was observed with transmission electron microscope. There were different replication processes between F48E9 and NA-1 on cells at different stages. NA-1 had stronger adaptability to host than F48E9 according to budding processes and envelope integrity.
Animals ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Geese ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Newcastle Disease ; virology ; Newcastle disease virus ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Poultry Diseases ; virology ; Vero Cells ; Viral Plaque Assay

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of cryoablation combined with CpG ODN in the treatment of murine transplanted colon carcinoma.

METHODSColon carcinoma model was established by subcutaneously inoculating CT26 cells into the right flank in BALB/c mice. The tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:the group of PBS injected in peritumoral area, the group of cryoablation, the group of cryoablation combined with CpG ODN, the group of CpG ODN injected in peritumoral area. The tumor size changes were measured. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) were assayed by ELISA. The rates of CD3(+)CD4(+)T, CD3(+)CD8(+)T lymphocytes in serum were counted with flow cytometry. Mice in the cryoablation group and the combined group with tumor regression were re-challenged with CT26 cells.

RESULTSThe survival time of cryoablation group and combined therapy group were (80.3 + or - 5.4) days and (83.8 + or - 5.5) days, respectively, longer than (53.7 + or - 3.7) days in PBS group and (51.5 + or - 6.8) days in CpG ODN group(all P<0.05). The suppress rates of tumor cells in cryoablation group and combined therapy group were 83.8% and 86.2% respectively. After 20 days following treatment, CD3(+)CD4(+)T/CD3(+)CD8(+)T ratio and the concentrations of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in mice serum of cryoablation group and combined therapy group were higher than those in PBS group and CpG ODN group(all P<0.05). No significant difference was found in CD3(+)CD4(+)T/CD3(+)CD8(+)T ratio between cryoablation group and combined therapy group(P>0.05). However, the concentrations of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in combined therapy group were higher than those of cryoablation group(all P<0.05). After re-challenging, tumor formation rate in the cryoablation combined with CpG ODN group was 16.7%, significantly lower than that in the cryoablation group(83.8%)(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCryoablation combined with CpG ODN can increase antitumor immune response in mice, and therefore can decrease the tumor formation when re-challenged with CT26 cells.

Animals ; Colonic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Cryosurgery ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the metabolic alterations in the brain of neonates with HIE and correlate those alterations with clinical grading and prognosis of HIE.Methods Fourty-six eases of full-term neonates diagnosed as HIE clinically were performed MRI and 1~H-MRS,9 healthy neonates without the evidence of asphyxia were studied as controls,1~H-MRS techniques included single voxel proton MRS and two dimensional muhi-voxel chemical shift spectroscopy imaging,point resolved spectroscopy sequence was used for 1~H-MRS.Metabolic changes in the spectroscopy were analyzed in neonates with HIE,and study the relationgship between MRS findings and prognosis.Results(1)The typical 1~H-MRS manifestations of full- term neonates suffering from HIE were as follows:the peaks of Lac were elevated,GLx-? were elevated and NAA were decreased.(2)GLx-?/Cr ratio in control,mild,moderate and severe HIE group was 0.16, 0.21,0.64,and 1.31,respectively.Lac/Cr ratio in control,mild,moderate and severe HIE group was 0.12,0.14,0.19,and 0.26,respectively.There was a significant difference in the ratio of GLx-? and Lac/Cr between HIE group and control group(t=5.01,P

Objective To investigate the relationship between findings of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(~1H-MRS)and tumor proliferative potential in patents with astrocytoma.Methods Thirty four patients of astrocytomas proved by surgery and pathology were examined by MRI and ~1H-MRS,among them 26 were of grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ(low grade)and 8 of grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ(high grade).Twenty one eases of astrocytomas(17 low-grade and 4 high grade respectively)were homogeneous type.Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)was detected by immunohistochemical method of streptavidin- biotin-peroxidase(SP).Results The Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios of high-grade astrocytomas(M=4.895, 4.845 respectively)were significantly higher than those of low-grade astrocytomas(M=2.920, 2.000 respectively)in the 21 homogeneous astrocytomas(Z=-2.597,P=0.009;Z=-2.687,P= 0.007 respectively),and the ratios were found to be significantly correlated to the expression of PCNA(A= 7.880)(r=0.607,P=0.003;r=0.457,P=0.038 respectively).However,the differences of Cho/NAA、 Cho/Cr ratios between the high-grade and low-grade astrocytomas were not significant when 34 cases were included,and no relationship was found between Cho/NAA(M=3.965,2.890 respectively)、Cho/Cr(M= 3.080、1.960 respectively)ratios and the expression of PCNA(A=8.100)(r=0.060,P=0.738;r= 0.125,P=0.480 respectively).Conclusion By measuring the Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios,~1 H-MRS may be a valuable method for presurgical in invo prediction of the malignant degree,tumor proliferative potential and prognosis of homogeneous-type astrocytomas.