Bile reflux is not only related to diseases such as gastritis,esophagitis,pharyngitis,chorditis,bronchitis and pneumonia,but also related to residual gastric ulcer,residual gastric cancer,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia and carcinogenesis. Risk factors related to bile reflux include various operation modes, various anastomosis methods, gallbladder stone, cholecystectomy and various non-operative factors such as age, gender, allergy, mental and psychological factors,congenital factors. This article reviewed the advances in study on risk factors related to bile reflux.

Objective To investigate the morphological difference of spinal single vertebral tuberculosis and metastasis by means of CT.Methods CT features of 16 cases of single vertebral tuberculosis and 17 cases of single vertebral metastasis which were proven by clinically and/or pathology, were retrospectively analyzed,and then the CT differential criteria of the two categories of diseases was recommended.Results The reliable CT findings for vertebral tuberculosis were as follows: involvement of anteriomedial potion of vatebral body,presence of sequstra in lesion ,marginal sclerosis in the edge of lesion,calcification within paravertebralmass or abscesses ,only edge enhancement of more of paravertebralmass.Metastasis was characterized by involvement of posteriomedial portion of vertebral bone,absence of sequestra within lesion ,no calcification within paravertebralmass.Both of them had normal intervertebral disc.Conclusion The different CT features of the single vertebral tuberculosis and metastasis are helpful in differerntiating diagnosis ,the morphological change of intervertebral discs is not helpful in differerntiating diagnosis .

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications

Objective To study the expression of gastrin receptor in 4 HCC cell lines and tis-sues and their relation to clinieopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemical staining of GR was performed for the 4 HCC cell lines and the paraffin sections of 25 HCC cases. The relationship be-tween the GR expression in HCC sections and the clinicopatho[ogical parameters were analyzed. Results Positive staining for GR in the 3 HCC SMMC-7721>HepG2>QGY-7701 cell lines and HCC tissues was observed. The expression rate of gastrin receptor was 56 % (14/25). However, there was no association between expression of GR and elinieopathologieal features such as age, gender and clini-cal stage etc except for tumor thrombosis. Concision GR exists in the HCC. Futher study is needed to identify whether GR is a applicable target for endocrine therapy in HCC.

Objective To investigate the effects of valsartan on the expression of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1(ACAT-1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma(PPAR-?) in atherosclerotic plaques on rabbit aortic wall.Methods Twenty-four male Japanese white rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups(8 each): control group,valsartan group and high cholesterol feeding group.All rabbits were fed according to the experimental protocol for 12 weeks.Blood samples were taken from vein for measurement of serum lipids.The ratio of intima/media thickness of the aorta was measured.ACAT-1 mRNA/protein and PPAR-? mRNA/protein were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blotting,respectively.Results After 12 weeks,the levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) in valsartan group and cholesterol group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05).The intima thickness and the ratio of intima/media in carotid arteries in cholesterol group were significantly higher than those in control group and valsartan group(P

Objective To discuss the clinical value of intercostal arterial embolization for the treatment of hemoptysis.Methods A total of 91 patients with hemoptysis were enrolled in this study.Intercostal arterial embolization was performed using gelatin sponge.The patients were closely observed after the operation.For recurrent cases,re-embolization was carried out after identifying the causes of relapse.Results A total of 111 operations were performed on the 91 patients,including embolization of the bronchial and intercostal arteries in 74 cases,and simple embolization of the intercostal artery in 17.The rate of immediate hemostasis was 98.9%(90/91).The patients were followed up for 8 to 14 months,during which the recurrent rate was 15.4%(14/91).No serious complication occurred during the follow-up.Conclusion By embolizing both bronchial and intercostal arteries,the efficacy of the procedure can be increased and the rate the recurrence decreased,as long as proper measures have been taken to avoid serious complications.

Objective To study the levels of ? amyloid protein(A?/?A 4) in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD) and vascular dementia(VD) and its significance of diagnosis.Methods The levels of A? 1 40 and A? 1 42 in CSF of 24 patients with AD, 14 patients with VD and 30 normal controls(NC) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).Results (1)The levels of A? 1 42 in CSF of AD and VD patients were significantly lower than NC group ( P

Objective To discuss the strategies of lower complications of LC in the initial stage. Methods The clinical data of 168 patients,from Sep. 2008 to May. 2010 ,treated with laparoscopic cholectectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Results LC was performed in all patients(100%). None of the series had intra-abdominal bleeding,biliary tract injury and no other serious complications were observed. Conclusion Through correct perioperative management and meticulous operation, LC was safe and complications lower in the initial stage.

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of FOLFOX4 regiment in elderly versus young patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Methods There were 61 patients enrolled in this study, with 28 elderly patients aged 70 years and over, 33 young patients aged less than 70 years.They suffered from advanced/recurrent colorectal cancer and received FOLFOX4 regiment (Oxaliplatin +CF+5-FU). Every 14 days were as a cycle, and the therapeutic safety and efficacy were evaluated after three cycles. Adverse events and response to treatment were compared between the elderly and young patients. Results The main adverse effects were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbance and neurotoxicity. The incidence rate of diarrhea was significantly higher in elderly patients than in young patients, but the most of diarrhea were at grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ. The incidence rates of leucocyte decrease and neutrophil decrease were higher in elderly patients than in young patients (92. 8% vs. 78. 8%, 39.3% vs. 36.3%), but there were no statistically significant differences between them. The incidence rate of neurotoxicity was 46.5% in elderly patients and 36.4% in young patients (P＞0. 05). The recent efficacy rate was 25%, disease control rate was 71.4% and median time-to-progression (TTP) was 6 months in elderly patients and 24.2%, 84.8% and 7 months in young patients (all P＞0.05). Conclusions FOLFOX4 regiment is well-tolerated and effective in both young and elderly patients.

Protein Kinase C (PKC) is an important messenger in intracellular signal transduction. So far, at least 11 members of PKC isoforms have been isolated and purified. The mutation of the non-synonymous SNP (1425G/A) of the η isoform of protein kinase C (PKC η), a protein kinase Cη gene (PRKCH) may result in the increased PKCη activity, which is considered as a new risk factor for lacunar infarction. In recent years, the studies about the role of PRKCH in cell differentiation and apoptosis and its relation with some signal transduction pathways have made some new advances, especially, PKCη participates in the regulation of some key enzyme activity that mitogen-activated protein kinase, inducible nitric oxide-synthase and matrix metalloproteinase are closely correlated with the process of atherosclerosis. It will provide a new way of thinking for the clinical intervention of cerebral infarction in the future.