A line is drawn from the nasal tip to the most anterior point of the lower lip. The distance from soft tissue pogonion to the ideal soft tissue pogonion is the amount of correction. Alloplastic augmentation does not correct the soft tissue in a 1:1 ratio. In the case of a patient having normal soft tissue(8~11 mm), the ratio of the soft tissue correction is 1:0.66. In the case of a patient having a soft tissue deficiency(less than 7mm), the ratio of the soft tissue correction is 1:0.8. In the case of a patient having a soft tissue excess(more than 12mm), the ratio of the soft tissue correction is 1:0.5. The length of the implant is required to be more lateral to the mental foramen by 1~1.5 cm for restoration of the prejowl sulcus. The posterior surface of the implant must be carved to shape precisely to the bony surface. I usually make several vertical etchings and 20~30 holes in the implant. The vertical etchings help expand the implant to securely fit the mandibular contour. Fenestrated silastic implants can be further stabilized with fibrous tissue ingrowth and future reconstruction if bony erosion occurs.
Chin ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Humans ; Lip ; Silicone Elastomers

PURPOSE: To investigate postoperative outcomes of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) using lacrimal sac flap and silastic sheet in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. METHODS: From November 2009 until December 2010, endonasal DCR with lacrimal sac flap was performed in 26 eyes (group 1) and conventional DCR without flap in 28 eyes (group 2). The anatomic and functional success rates and complications were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The anatomical success rate was 96.2% in group 1 and 85.7% in group 2. The functional success rate was 100% in group 1 and 92.9% in group 2. The success rate was higher in group 1 than in group 2, although not being statistically significant. Granuloma was found in 15.4% of patients in group 1 and 32.1% of patients in group 2. Synechia or membranous obstruction was not found in group 1, whereas synechia developed in 14.3% of patients in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Endonasal DCR with lacrimal sac flap showed a greater success rate and lower formation of granuloma than conventional endonasal DCR without flap because of reduced inflammation and granulation tissue formation around retained bony spicles.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Eye ; Granulation Tissue ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Nasolacrimal Duct

The most possible complication of transnasal reconstruction of medial orbital wall fracture is infection of the dependent sinuses. As a result, endoscopic reduction in a medial blowout fracture with sinusitis and nasal polyp has been avoided. The silastic sheet and Merocel packing, which are placed in the ethmoid sinus, may cause or worsen sinusitis since they could cover up the natural ostia in the vicinity of sinuses. The spread of infection into the orbital wall and the difficulty of recognizing between herniated orbital tissues, infection and nasal polyp makes it difficult to perform endoscopic reduction when there are concomitant sinusitis and nasal polyp. The author reports three recently encountered cases of endoscopic reduction of medial blowout fracture with sinusitis and nasal polyp.
Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Formaldehyde ; Nasal Polyps ; Orbit ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; Sinusitis

The rapid screening of tumor markers is a challenging task for early diagnosis of cancer. This study aims to use highly sensitive chemiluminescent protein microarray technology to efficiently screen a variety of low abundance tumor related markers. A new material, termed integrated polydimethylsiloxane modified silica gel (iPDMS), was obtained by adding a surface polymerization initiator with olefin end to the conventional polydimethylsiloxane, and fixing into the three-dimensional structure of polydimethylsiloxane by thermal crosslinking through silicon hydrogen bonding. In order to make the iPDMS material resistant to non-specific protein adsorption, a poly(OEGMA) polymer brush was synthesized by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization at the active initiation site. Finally, 20 tumor-related antigens were printed into the specific areas of the microarray by high-throughput spray printing technology, and assembled into 48-well detection microtiterplates of the iPDMS microarray. It was found the VEGFR and VEGF121 autoantibodies that obtained from 8 common tumors (breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, lymphoma and ovarian cancer) can be used as potential tumor markers. The chemiluminescence labeled iPDMS protein microarray can be used for the screening of tumor autoantibodies at early stage.
Adsorption ; Autoantibodies ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Protein Array Analysis ; Silica Gel ; Surface Properties

Recurrent urinary tract infection due to vesicoureteral reflux is one of the important medical complications in renal transplant recipients. Injection of macroplastique is recommended to reduce the vesicoureteral reflux, but it can result in poor responses. Ureteroureterostomy is an invasive method, but it is advisable in patients with higher grades of vesicoureteral reflux that do not respond to medical or macroplastique injection. We here report on two cases of successful treatment of vesicoureteral reflux by ureteroureterostomy. These patients experienced repeated episodes of acute pyelonephritis in spite of long-term antibiotic treatment and repeated macroplastique injection. No more urinary tract infection was observed after ureteroureterostomy. We recommend ureteroureterostomy in renal transplant recipients who suffer with repeated acute pyelonephritis due to vesicoureteral refulx.
Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Pyelonephritis ; Transplants ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

PURPOSE: Tie-over dressing is widely used to secure skin grafting on face, body, or extremities. It can be a rather complicated task and is not easy to make compressive dressing again if performed in a conventional method. So, we hereby introduce an easy reproducible tie over dressing method. METHODS: After completing the skin graft, Cut the silastic drainage longitudinally in half and spread to the grafted skin margin. Drainage is fixed by using the stapes or sutures. A fluffy gauze bolus dressing is placed over a furacin impregnated gauze and wrapped around. After suturing the distal margin of silastics with opposite side using the silk thread either 5-0 or 3-0, knot of suturing, which is pressed down against the dressing while the threads are tightened, is made into center of each sides. RESULTS: It can make dressing again after observing the grafted skin, and it can also make pressure on the grafted area evenly until the grafted skin is taken. CONCLUSION: This dressing method makes the surgeons and patients comfortable. To surgeons, it provides more rapid and easier way to do dressing, and to patients, it eliminates pain caused by redressing.
Bandages ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Drainage ; Extremities ; Humans ; Nitrofurazone ; Silk ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Stapes ; Sutures ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: For reconstruction of the mild to moderate medial orbital wall fractures, various surgical approaches have been used. Prior existing W-shaped incision was a direct local approach through a 3 cm incision on the superior medial orbital area with a titanium mesh implant. In this study, the authors modified W-shaped incision and reconstructed the defect with silastic sheet to improve the result and the postoperative scar. METHODS: This study included 20 patients who had mild to moderate size of medial wall defect and therefore relatively suitable for reconstruction with silastic sheets from July, 2009 to December, 2011. A modified W-shaped skin incision approximately 1.2 to 1.5 cm in length was made along the superior medial orbital rim from approximately 1 cm medial to the medial canthus to the lower border of the medial eyebrow. The angles of the limbs of the W ranged from 150 to 160 degrees. RESULTS: By using soft flexible silastic sheet, the authors reduced the incision from 3 to 1.5 cm, and by widening the angle of the W limbs, scars were more effectively hided in the relaxed skin tension line. Scar assessment was done with modified patient and observer scar assessment scale and mean score from patients was 2.08 and mean score from observers was 2.12. CONCLUSION: Although this method will not be suitable for every case, it can be a consistent method to obtain the surgical goal in treatment of mild to moderate blowout fractures of the medial orbital wall.
Cicatrix ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Extremities ; Eyebrows ; Humans ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures ; Silicones ; Skin ; Titanium

PURPOSE: Nasal bone fracture is the most common type of facial bone fracture and most of nasal bone fracture is combined with septal fracture frequently. Nasal septum is important to support the distal nose and to maintain the nasal airway. But nasal septal fractures are usually unrecognized and untreated at the time of operation. Recently, various materials were using for nasal packing after closed reduction, however these materials are not focused on the correction of nasal bone and nasal septal fracture and many patients are suffered from nasal packing materials. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare routine packing materials and rolled silastic sheet with respect to postoperative effect of correction of nasal bone fracture and discomfort of nasal packing materials. METHODS: We examined 320 patients treated nasal bone fracture from January 2008 to December 2010. For Group I(n=92), Merocel(R) was used for nasal packing, for Group II(n=152) vaseline gauze was used, and Rolled silastic sheet(RSS) with vaseline gauze packing(VGP) was used for Group III(n=76). Under the general anesthesia, all patients were operated by closed reduction and nasal packing was done using three kinds of packing materials. At the time of postoperative 7 days, packing material was removed and studied for pt's satisfaction and postop. complications. RESULTS: In patients with RSS with VGP, the complaints (nasal obstruction, foreign compressive sensation and discomfort during food ingestion) of keeping the nasal packing were decreased(p<0.05) and the postoperative complication(deviation) were decreased comparing to vaseline gauze packing and Merocel(R) packing, however, these differences were not statistically significant(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Postoperative nasal packing with RSS with VGP was more comfortable to the patients and it was more effective method to correct the nasal bone fracture and nasal septal fracture.
Anesthesia, General ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Facial Bones ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; Nasal Septum ; Nose ; Petrolatum ; Sensation

Cell adhesion to material surface plays an important role in regulating cell function such as proliferation and differentiation. Surface patterning provides a useful method to control cell spatial distribution and adhesion to substance. Here microcontact printing and microfluidic channels were introduced to pattern MC3T3 E1 osteoblasts on silicon substance. Dichlordimethylsilane (DMS) was used in microcontact printing to generate the alternating domains of DMS and non-DMS, and cells preferentially adhered to the non-DMS and hydrophilic region. On the patterned surfaces generated from collagen and albumin solutions with microfluidic channels, cells preferentially localized in the collagen-coated region. The results also showed that micropatterning could be a useful method to study the effect of surface chemistry on cell adhesion and other functions.
Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; chemistry ; Osteoblasts ; physiology ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry ; Surface Properties

Intraocular pressure detection has a great significance for understanding the status of eye health, prevention and treatment of diseases such as glaucoma. Traditional intraocular pressure detection needs to be held in the hospital. It is not only time-consuming to doctors and patients, but also difficult to achieve 24 hour-continuous detection. Microminiaturization of the intraocular pressure sensor and wearing it as a contact lens, which is convenient, comfortable and noninvasive, can solve this problem because the soft contact lens with an embedded micro fabricated strain gauge allows the measurement of changes in corneal curvature to correlate to variations of intraocular pressure. We fabricated a strain gauge using micro-electron mechanical systems, and integrated with the contact lens made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using injection molding. The experimental results showed that the sensitivity was 100. 7 µV/µm. When attached to the corneal surface, the average sensitivity of sensor response of intraocular pressure can be 125.8 µV/mm Hg under the ideal condition.
Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Tonometry, Ocular ; instrumentation