In Republic of Korea, there are many Quality Assurance protocol for general radiation treatment machine such as linac. However, Quality Assurance protocol for radiosurgery treatment system is not ready perfectly. One of the radiation treatment machine for radiosurgery, novalis system needs to suitable Quality Assurance protocol for using it right way during radiation treatment and maintaining suitable accuracy for daily, weekly, monthly and annually periods. Therefore, in this article, we develop Quality Assurance protocol for novalis system. We collected and analysed domestic and foreign novalis Quality Assurance protocol. After that, we selected essential QA items and each tolerance range for developing proper QA protocol, and we made anatomical phantom for execution of selected QA items and evaluation of overall state of QA, and then, we use this measured value as a reference. Quality Assurance items are consisted of Mechanical accuracy QA part and Radiation delivery QA part. Mechanical accuracy QA part is comprised of radiation generation machine part, assistive devices part and multi-leaf collimator part. Radiation delivery QA part is divided into radiation isocenter accuracy and dosimetric evaluation. After that, developed novalis QA tables are made by using these QA items. These novalis QA tables would be used to good standard in order to maintain apt accuracy for radiosurgery in daily, weekly, monthly and annually periods.
Dimaprit ; Radiosurgery ; Republic of Korea ; Self-Help Devices

Amiodarone is one of the most commonly prescribed antiarrhythmic drug for almost all atrial or ventricular arrythmias. Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity (APT) was first described in 1980 and has potentially serious side effects that are believed to develop in 5% of patients. In general, APT occurs only when high amiodarone doses are used for a long time. However, during short-term therapy of amiodarone, APT is rarely reported. In this report, we describe a case of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity after a short course of amiodarone therapy for atrial fibrillation.
Amiodarone ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Dimaprit ; Humans

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have attempted to document the correlation of an atopy patch test (APT) and a skin prick test. The results have suggested a possible role of delayed allergic reaction in the development of eczematous skin lesions in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of APT with skin prick test and specific IgE for cockroach antigen. And we attempted to find the optimal vehicle and concentration of APT for cockroach allergy in AD patient. METHODS: We performed APTs in 50 patients with AD with using German cockroach allergens (the extract with different concentrations and vehicles). The reactions were evaluated after 48 hours, and these were compared with the results of the skin prick test and the total and specific IgE levels. RESULTS: The AD patients who had cockroach allergy, according to a skin prick test or the specific IgE level, showed higher positive APT reactionsthan the non-allergic patients to cockroach. The APT reactions showed a significant relationship with the skin prick test and the specific IgE level (85.7%). With regard to the form of cockroach antigen, a positive APT was more frequent with using the powder form that with using the extract. Regarding the vehicle, petrolatum induced higher positive APT reactions than did distilled water. There was a close relationship between the antigen concentration in petrolatum base and a positive APT reaction. Ten and fifty percent cockroach antigen elicited positive APT reactions than did 1% cockroach antigen with using a petrolatum base. CONCLUSION: Petrolatum is an optimal vehicle for an APT for cockroach because an APT with a petrolatum base revealed the highest correlation with cockroach allergy. The dose-response relationship between antigen concentration and the frequencies of positive APT reactions demonstrated that 10% and 50% cockroach antigen is superior to 1% cockroach antigen.
Allergens ; Blattellidae ; Cockroaches ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dimaprit ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Patch Tests ; Petrolatum ; Skin ; Water

PURPOSE: To investigate and compare the clinical outcomes of wavefront-guided LASIK performed by 2 different laser platforms. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of consecutive cases of eyes that underwent wavefront-guided LASIK by using the VISX S4 CustomVue system and the Zyoptix Z100 system advanced personalized mode. All procedures were performed by one surgeon. Fifty-six eyes of 36 patients were included. Of the 56 eyes, 30 eyes underwent LASIK by using the VISX S4 CustomVue system (CustomVue group), and other 26 eyes underwent LASIK by using the Zyoptix Z100 system (APT group). Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), manifest refraction, contrast sensitivity, total high order aberration (HOA), spherical aberration (SA) and Q-value were recorded preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of preoperative UCVA, BCVA, manifest refraction, high order aberrations, Q-value and contrast sensitivity. Induced amount of SA was significantly lower in CustomVue group than in APT group (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Wavefront-guided LASIK performed by 2 different laser platforms caused clinically acceptable outcomes including good visual acuity and contrast sensitivity through 3 months. Furthermore, LASIK performed by VISX S4 CustomVue system caused less SA at three months after operation.
Contrast Sensitivity ; Dimaprit ; Eye ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To make an anatomical evaluation of extraocular muscles, macular and optic nerve in enucleated eyes of live subjects and to compare the results with a previous autopsy study. METHODS: Twenty-four surgically enucleated eyes were studied. The distance from the limbus to the muscle insertion site, muscle width, and the distance between muscle insertion sites were measured and compared with an Apt study. After an incision through the eyeball, a 26-gauge needle was passed perpendicularly through the macula to the sclera. We measured the distances between the oblique muscles and the macula and optic nerves from an external site of the eyeball. RESULTS: The distance from the limbus to the muscle insertion site showed a significant difference in the superior and inferior rectus muscle. All measurements of muscle widths were significantly narrower than those of autopsy studies. The distances between the muscles were significantly closer between the lateral and superior muscles and between the superior and medial rectus muscles. From the optic nerve to the muscle was 3.99+/-0.62 mm, to the superior oblique muscle was 7.89+/-0.88 mm, to the inferior oblique muscle was 5.95+/-0.83 mm, and the macula to the inferior oblique muscle was 1.35+/-0.42 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Since most of the measurements were different from those of autopsy studies, we should consider the effects of preservation and fixation solution on autopsy eyes, race, and the differences among measurement instruments.
Autopsy ; Continental Population Groups ; Dimaprit ; Eye ; Humans ; Muscles ; Needles ; Optic Nerve ; Sclera

Sarcoidosis is a somewhat common pulmonary disease, but the concurrence of lung cancer and sarcoidosis in the same patient is very rare. Because sarcoidosis usually presents as mediastinal lymphadenopathies, this concurrence in a lung cancer patient detected radiologically is apt to be misunderstood to be mediastinal metastases, and it is thus considered to be an unresectable disease. We report a case of lung cancer associated with sarcoidosis that developed in a 65-year-old woman who underwent surgery. Radiological studies revealed a 1.9x1.7 cm mass in the left upper lobe with multiple enlarged bilateral mediastinal lymph nodes (2R, 3a, 4R, 4L, 5, 6, 7, 8R). Pathologic findings showed that the mass was a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and all of the enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were granulomas without cancer metastasis. We report this case with a review of the literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Dimaprit ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a somewhat common pulmonary disease, but the concurrence of lung cancer and sarcoidosis in the same patient is very rare. Because sarcoidosis usually presents as mediastinal lymphadenopathies, this concurrence in a lung cancer patient detected radiologically is apt to be misunderstood to be mediastinal metastases, and it is thus considered to be an unresectable disease. We report a case of lung cancer associated with sarcoidosis that developed in a 65-year-old woman who underwent surgery. Radiological studies revealed a 1.9x1.7 cm mass in the left upper lobe with multiple enlarged bilateral mediastinal lymph nodes (2R, 3a, 4R, 4L, 5, 6, 7, 8R). Pathologic findings showed that the mass was a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and all of the enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were granulomas without cancer metastasis. We report this case with a review of the literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Dimaprit ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Sarcoidosis

Break of a stent delivery catheter and subsequent stent loss (SL) has been a rare event in the drug-eluting stent (DES) era. We here report a case of successful retrieval of a stent after a break if the delivery catheter and SL from a balloon catheter at a culprit lesion. We finally resolved this situation using a simple balloon technique for both the broken stent catheter inside of the guide catheter and the unexpanded stent in the culprit lesion. Thus balloons are an important weapon in our armamentarium in the cardiac catheterization laboratory for urgent retrieval of a lost stent. Their apt use definitely allowed our patient to avoid undergoing emergency cardiovascular thoracic surgery.
Angioplasty ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Catheters ; Dimaprit ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Stents ; Thoracic Surgery

OBJECTIVES: WHO insisted on that we should study about association between residential environment and health status and make 'health city' concept as practical motto. This study analyzed about that how community environment affected their health. METHODS: We surveyed residential environment satisfaction and health status of a apartment complex residents. We transformed Chun's index about housing environment study and social capital index of WHO and used as community health survey. We analyzed the association between health status and related factor by using principal compound analysis and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We found out that the perceived health status 1 years ago was highly related to the residential environment and also extracted five residential environment component (APT maintenance, House, APT complex, Neighbor, APT building) by principal component analysis. After residential environment component, demographic and socioeconomic variable were controlled, the high satisfaction group of APT complex and neighbor relationship was in lower risk of perceived health status 1 years ago than the low satisfaction group. CONCLUSIONS: Recently, the importance of residential environment and neighborhood is shaped as community capacity. Therefore, social relationship and residential environment should be the core variable for health promotion of community. After all, we should know the relationship of residential environment and perceived health status 1 years ago. This helps the concept of health city clearly.
Dimaprit ; Environmental Health ; Health Promotion ; Health Surveys ; Housing ; Logistic Models ; Principal Component Analysis ; Residence Characteristics

Mg2+ is an important regulator of many cardiac functions. However, regulation of intracellular Mg2+ activity in the heart is not well characterized. To assess the effect of histamine H2-receptor stimulation on intracellular Mg2+ regulation, changes in extracellular Mg2+ concentration were examined under a variety of conditions in perfused guinea pig hearts. Mg2+ in the cardiac perfusate was measured by atomic absorbance spectrophotometry. The histamine (10(-6) M induced a marked Mg2+ efflux from the heart. The H2-receptor antagonists, cimetidine (10(-5) M), ranitidine (10(-5) ND, but not a H1-receptor antagonist, diphenhydramine (3 X 10(-6) M), completely blocked the histamine-induced Mg2+ efflux. The Mg2+ efflux could also be induced by forskolin (3 X 10(-6) M), 8-Cl-cAMP (2 X 10(-4) M), permeable cAMP analogue, or dimaprit, (10(-5) M). However, the carbachol (10(-5) M) considerably decreased the efflux of Mg2+. In the presence of papaverine (10(-5) M), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, dimaprit-induced Mg2+ efflux was potentiated. These results suggest that a significant Mg2+ efflux from perfused guinea pig heart by histamine can be induced by the histamine H2-receptor stimulation and it is suggested that cytosolic cAMP may be linked.
Animals ; Carbachol ; Cimetidine ; Colforsin ; Cytosol ; Dimaprit ; Diphenhydramine ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Heart* ; Histamine* ; Magnesium ; Papaverine ; Ranitidine ; Spectrophotometry