1.“Direct” Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Vasu SAINI ; Marie-Christine BRUNET ; Samir SUR ; Amer M. MALIK ; Priyank KHANDELWAL ; Shashvat DESAI ; Robert M. STARKE ; Eric C. PETERSON ; Ashutosh P. JADHAV ; Mauricio G. COHEN ; Dileep R. YAVAGAL
Journal of Stroke 2020;22(2):271-274
2.Mechanical Thrombectomy Access for All? Challenges in Increasing Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the United States
Sushanth Rao AROOR ; Kaiz S. ASIF ; Jennifer POTTER-VIG ; Arun SHARMA ; Bijoy K. MENON ; Violiza INOA ; Cynthia B. ZEVALLOS ; Jose G. ROMANO ; Santiago ORTEGA-GUTIERREZ ; Larry B. GOLDSTEIN ; Dileep R. YAVAGAL
Journal of Stroke 2022;24(1):41-48
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the most effective treatment for selected patients with an acute ischemic stroke due to emergent large vessel occlusions (LVOs). There is an urgent need to identify and address challenges in access to MT to maximize the numbers of patients who can benefit from this treatment. Barriers in access to MT include delays in evaluation and accurate diagnosis of LVO leading to inappropriate triage, logistical delays related to availability of facilities and trained interventionalists, and financial hurdles that affect treatment reimbursement. Collection of regional data related to these barriers is critical to better understand current access gaps and a measurable access score to thrombectomy could be useful to plan local public health intervention.
3.Clinical and Safety Outcomes of Endovascular Therapy 6 to 24 Hours After Large Vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke With Tandem Lesions
Milagros GALECIO-CASTILLO ; Mudassir FAROOQUI ; Ameer E. HASSAN ; Mouhammad A. JUMAA ; Afshin A. DIVANI ; Marc RIBO ; Michael ABRAHAM ; Nils H. PETERSEN ; Johanna T. FIFI ; Waldo R. GUERRERO ; Amer M. MALIK ; James E. SIEGLER ; Thanh N. NGUYEN ; Sunil SHETH ; Albert J. YOO ; Guillermo LINARES ; Nazli JANJUA ; Darko QUISPE-OROZCO ; Wondwossen TEKLE ; Syed F. ZAIDI ; Sara Y. SABBAGH ; Marta OLIVÉ-GADEA ; Tiffany BARKLEY ; Reade De LEACY ; Kenyon W. SPRANKLE ; Mohamad ABDALKADER ; Sergio SALAZAR-MARIONI ; Jazba SOOMRO ; Weston GORDON ; Charoskhon TURABOVA ; Juan VIVANCO-SUAREZ ; Aaron RODRIGUEZ-CALIENES ; Maxim MOKIN ; Dileep R. YAVAGAL ; Tudor JOVIN ; Santiago ORTEGA-GUTIERREZ
Journal of Stroke 2023;25(3):378-387
Background:
and Purpose Effect of endovascular therapy (EVT) in acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients with tandem lesions (TLs) within 6–24 hours after last known well (LKW) remains unclear. We evaluated the clinical and safety outcomes among TL-LVO patients treated within 6–24 hours.
Methods:
This multicenter cohort was divided into two groups, based on LKW to puncture time: early window (<6 hours), and late window (6–24 hours). Primary clinical and safety outcomes were 90-day functional independence measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS: 0–2) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Secondary outcomes were successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score ≥2b), first-pass effect, early neurological improvement, ordinal mRS, and in-hospital and 90-day mortality.
Results:
Of 579 patients (median age 68, 32.1% females), 268 (46.3%) were treated in the late window and 311 (53.7%) in the early window. Late window group had lower median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score, rates of intravenous thrombolysis, and higher rates for perfusion imaging. After adjusting for confounders, the odds of 90-day mRS 0–2 (47.7% vs. 45.0%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–1.02), favorable shift in mRS (aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.44–1.76), and sICH (3.7% vs. 5.2%, aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.20–1.56) were similar in both groups. There was no difference in secondary outcomes. Increased time from LKW to puncture did not predicted the probability of 90-day mRS 0–2 (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.96–1.01, for each hour delay) among patients presenting <24 hours.
Conclusion
EVT for acute TL-LVO treated within 6–24 hours after LKW was associated with similar rates of clinical and safety outcomes, compared to patients treated within 6 hours.
4.Tissue Clock Beyond Time Clock: Endovascular Thrombectomy for Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Beyond 24 Hours
Ghada A. MOHAMED ; Raul G. NOGUEIRA ; Muhammed Amir ESSIBAYI ; Hassan ABOUL-NOUR ; Mahmoud MOHAMMADEN ; Diogo C. HAUSSEN ; Aldo Mendez RUIZ ; Bradley A. GROSS ; Okkes KUYBU ; Mohamed M. SALEM ; Jan-Karl BURKHARDT ; Brian JANKOWITZ ; James E. SIEGLER ; Pratit PATEL ; Taryn HESTER ; Santiago ORTEGA-GUTIERREZ ; Mudassir FAROOQUI ; Milagros GALECIO-CASTILLO ; Thanh N. NGUYEN ; Mohamad ABDALKADER ; Piers KLEIN ; Jude H. CHARLES ; Vasu SAINI ; Dileep R. YAVAGAL ; Ammar JUMAH ; Ali ALARAJ ; Sophia PENG ; Muhammad HAFEEZ ; Omar TANWEER ; Peter KAN ; Jacopo SCAGGIANTE ; Stavros MATSOUKAS ; Johanna T. FIFI ; Stephan A. MAYER ; Alex B. CHEBL
Journal of Stroke 2023;25(2):282-290
Background:
and Purpose Randomized trials proved the benefits of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for select patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) within 24 hours of last-known-well (LKW). Recent data suggest that LVO patients may benefit from MT beyond 24 hours. This study reports the safety and outcomes of MT beyond 24 hours of LKW compared to standard medical therapy (SMT).
Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of LVO patients presented to 11 comprehensive stroke centers in the United States beyond 24 hours from LKW between January 2015 and December 2021. We assessed 90-day outcomes using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).
Results:
Of 334 patients presented with LVO beyond 24 hours, 64% received MT and 36% received SMT only. Patients who received MT were older (67±15 vs. 64±15 years, P=0.047) and had a higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS; 16±7 vs.10±9, P<0.001). Successful recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score 2b-3) was achieved in 83%, and 5.6% had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage compared to 2.5% in the SMT group (P=0.19). MT was associated with mRS 0–2 at 90 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.73, P=0.026), less mortality (34% vs. 63%, P<0.001), and better discharge NIHSS (P<0.001) compared to SMT in patients with baseline NIHSS ≥6. This treatment benefit remained after matching both groups. Age (aOR 0.94, P<0.001), baseline NIHSS (aOR 0.91, P=0.017), Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography (ASPECTS) score ≥8 (aOR 3.06, P=0.041), and collaterals scores (aOR 1.41, P=0.027) were associated with 90-day functional independence.
Conclusion
In patients with salvageable brain tissue, MT for LVO beyond 24 hours appears to improve outcomes compared to SMT, especially in patients with severe strokes. Patients’ age, ASPECTS, collaterals, and baseline NIHSS score should be considered before discounting MT merely based on LKW.